See tosen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "totosen"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tose",
"alts": "1",
"qq": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "English: tose, toze, toase, toaze (obsolete)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: tose, toze, toase, toaze (obsolete)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*tāsan"
},
"expansion": "Old English *tāsan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*taisan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *taisan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*taisaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *taisaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English *tāsan, from Proto-West Germanic *taisan, from Proto-Germanic *taisaną. Compare tesen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "toseth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tosende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "tosynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "tosed",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "tosen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to tosen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "tose",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "tose",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tosed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tosest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tosedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "toseth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tosed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tose",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "tosed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "tose",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tosen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "tose",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "toseden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tosede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toseth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "tose",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tosynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "tosende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "tosed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ytosed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "tosen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"stem": "tos"
},
"expansion": "tosen (third-person singular simple present toseth, present participle tosende, tosynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle tosed)",
"name": "enm-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "Late ME"
},
"expansion": "(Late Middle English)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tos"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 21 31 12 9 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 17 43 10 7 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 26 20 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Late Middle English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 19 14 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To card (straighten the fibres of) wool."
],
"id": "en-tosen-enm-verb-JDk15U5s",
"links": [
[
"card",
"card"
],
[
"straighten",
"straighten#English"
],
[
"fibre",
"fibre#English"
],
[
"wool",
"wool"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "carden"
},
{
"word": "tesen"
}
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 26 20 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Late Middle English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To dissect or examine."
],
"id": "en-tosen-enm-verb-edYA~O2-",
"links": [
[
"dissect",
"dissect"
],
[
"examine",
"examine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively, rare) To dissect or examine."
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English",
"figuratively",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 26 20 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Late Middle English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To pull the wool off sheep."
],
"id": "en-tosen-enm-verb-QmailNhv",
"links": [
[
"pull",
"pull"
],
[
"wool",
"wool"
],
[
"sheep",
"sheep"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) To pull the wool off sheep."
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 26 20 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Late Middle English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To attack, injure."
],
"id": "en-tosen-enm-verb-ZQxUxKFl",
"links": [
[
"attack",
"attack"
],
[
"injure",
"injure"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) To attack, injure."
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɔːzən/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "tose"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "toson"
}
],
"word": "tosen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Late Middle English",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English verbs",
"Middle English weak verbs",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "totosen"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tose",
"alts": "1",
"qq": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "English: tose, toze, toase, toaze (obsolete)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: tose, toze, toase, toaze (obsolete)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*tāsan"
},
"expansion": "Old English *tāsan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*taisan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *taisan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*taisaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *taisaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English *tāsan, from Proto-West Germanic *taisan, from Proto-Germanic *taisaną. Compare tesen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "toseth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tosende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "tosynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "tosed",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "tosen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to tosen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "tose",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "tose",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tosed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tosest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tosedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "toseth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tosed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tose",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "tosed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "tose",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tosen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "tose",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "toseden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tosede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toseth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "tose",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tosynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "tosende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "tosed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ytosed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "tosen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"stem": "tos"
},
"expansion": "tosen (third-person singular simple present toseth, present participle tosende, tosynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle tosed)",
"name": "enm-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "Late ME"
},
"expansion": "(Late Middle English)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tos"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To card (straighten the fibres of) wool."
],
"links": [
[
"card",
"card"
],
[
"straighten",
"straighten#English"
],
[
"fibre",
"fibre#English"
],
[
"wool",
"wool"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "carden"
},
{
"word": "tesen"
}
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To dissect or examine."
],
"links": [
[
"dissect",
"dissect"
],
[
"examine",
"examine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively, rare) To dissect or examine."
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English",
"figuratively",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To pull the wool off sheep."
],
"links": [
[
"pull",
"pull"
],
[
"wool",
"wool"
],
[
"sheep",
"sheep"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) To pull the wool off sheep."
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To attack, injure."
],
"links": [
[
"attack",
"attack"
],
[
"injure",
"injure"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) To attack, injure."
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɔːzən/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "tose"
},
{
"word": "toson"
}
],
"word": "tosen"
}
Download raw JSONL data for tosen meaning in Middle English (5.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (c15a5ce and 5c11237). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.