See tak in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "taknail"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "takken"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tack"
},
"expansion": "English: tack",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: tack"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "taik"
},
"expansion": "Scots: taik",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: taik"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro-nor",
"3": "taque"
},
"expansion": "Old Northern French taque",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem"
},
"expansion": "Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*takkō"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *takkō",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*takkô",
"4": "",
"5": "spike, thorn, prickle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *takkô (“spike, thorn, prickle”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Northern French taque, ultimately of Germanic origin, probably from Frankish *takkō, from Proto-Germanic *takkô (“spike, thorn, prickle”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "takes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "takke",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "take",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "tace",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "tak",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "takes"
},
"expansion": "tak (plural takes)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"clasp"
],
"id": "en-tak-enm-noun-tNqiWDUF",
"links": [
[
"clasp",
"clasp"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"nail"
],
"id": "en-tak-enm-noun-CsQaDsdb",
"links": [
[
"nail",
"nail"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A protective metal plate used on a cart to prevent wear."
],
"id": "en-tak-enm-noun-SPS1LqvO",
"links": [
[
"plate",
"plate"
],
[
"cart",
"cart"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Nautical",
"orig": "enm:Nautical",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "8 5 7 19 2 4 5 22 10 10 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 8 6 27 3 6 3 9 10 7 10",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Tools",
"orig": "enm:Tools",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tack (a rope used to hold the foremost corner of the sail in place)"
],
"id": "en-tak-enm-noun-V2h0GAvH",
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"tack",
"tack"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) tack (a rope used to hold the foremost corner of the sail in place)"
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"stability, endurance, steadfastness"
],
"id": "en-tak-enm-noun-qizv0F5v",
"links": [
[
"stability",
"stability"
],
[
"endurance",
"endurance"
],
[
"steadfastness",
"steadfastness"
]
]
}
],
"word": "tak"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tack",
"id": "contract"
},
"expansion": "English: tack",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: tack"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "tak",
"3": "take"
},
"expansion": "Scots: tak, take",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: tak, take"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*teh₂g-",
"id": "touch"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "non",
"3": "taka",
"4": "",
"5": "revenue"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse taka (“revenue”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "taken",
"3": "",
"4": "to take"
},
"expansion": "Middle English taken (“to take”)",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse taka (“revenue”) (from the verb taka (“to take”)) and from Middle English taken (“to take”), itself from Old Norse.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "take",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "takke",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "thac",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "tac",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "tak",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "tak (uncountable)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Taxation",
"orig": "enm:Taxation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "shepestak"
},
{
"word": "takfre"
},
{
"word": "takman"
},
{
"word": "takswine"
},
{
"word": "thisteltak"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tack (a fee paid to a lord or king for the right to keep swine)"
],
"id": "en-tak-enm-noun-enm:fee",
"links": [
[
"tack",
"tack"
],
[
"fee",
"fee"
],
[
"lord",
"lord"
],
[
"king",
"king"
],
[
"swine",
"swine"
]
],
"senseid": [
"enm:fee"
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"word": "tak"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"forms": [
{
"form": "takketh",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "takkende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "takkynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "takked",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "tak",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"stem": "takk"
},
"expansion": "tak (third-person singular simple present takketh, present participle takkende, takkynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle takked)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "takken"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 5 7 19 2 4 5 22 10 10 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of takken"
],
"id": "en-tak-enm-verb-HgbYo9qF",
"links": [
[
"takken",
"takken#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "tak"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"forms": [
{
"form": "takes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "tak",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "takes"
},
"expansion": "tak (plural takes)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "tach"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of tach"
],
"id": "en-tak-enm-noun-uVKgd8Qh",
"links": [
[
"tach",
"tach#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "tak"
}
{
"etymology_number": 5,
"forms": [
{
"form": "taketh",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "takinge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "toke",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "taken",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "tak",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "taketh",
"2": "takinge",
"3": "toke",
"4": "taken"
},
"expansion": "tak (third-person singular simple present taketh, present participle takinge, first-/third-person singular past indicative toke, past participle taken)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "taken"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of taken"
],
"id": "en-tak-enm-verb-FB6bxws3",
"links": [
[
"taken",
"taken#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "tak"
}
{
"etymology_number": 5,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "tak",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "imperative of taken",
"word": "take"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 5 7 19 2 4 5 22 10 10 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of take: imperative of taken"
],
"id": "en-tak-enm-verb-aJ1LO8n8",
"links": [
[
"take",
"take#Middle_English"
],
[
"taken",
"taken#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "past participle of taken",
"word": "taken"
}
],
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of taken: past participle of taken"
],
"id": "en-tak-enm-verb-y~-R7tUZ",
"links": [
[
"taken",
"taken#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "tak"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English non-lemma forms",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old Northern French",
"Middle English terms derived from Frankish",
"Middle English terms derived from Germanic languages",
"Middle English terms derived from Old Northern French",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English verb forms",
"Middle English verbs",
"Pages with 32 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Tools"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "taknail"
},
{
"word": "takken"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tack"
},
"expansion": "English: tack",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: tack"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "taik"
},
"expansion": "Scots: taik",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: taik"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro-nor",
"3": "taque"
},
"expansion": "Old Northern French taque",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem"
},
"expansion": "Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*takkō"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *takkō",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*takkô",
"4": "",
"5": "spike, thorn, prickle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *takkô (“spike, thorn, prickle”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Northern French taque, ultimately of Germanic origin, probably from Frankish *takkō, from Proto-Germanic *takkô (“spike, thorn, prickle”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "takes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "takke",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "take",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "tace",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "tak",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "takes"
},
"expansion": "tak (plural takes)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"clasp"
],
"links": [
[
"clasp",
"clasp"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"nail"
],
"links": [
[
"nail",
"nail"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A protective metal plate used on a cart to prevent wear."
],
"links": [
[
"plate",
"plate"
],
[
"cart",
"cart"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"enm:Nautical"
],
"glosses": [
"tack (a rope used to hold the foremost corner of the sail in place)"
],
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"tack",
"tack"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) tack (a rope used to hold the foremost corner of the sail in place)"
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"stability, endurance, steadfastness"
],
"links": [
[
"stability",
"stability"
],
[
"endurance",
"endurance"
],
[
"steadfastness",
"steadfastness"
]
]
}
],
"word": "tak"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English non-lemma forms",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old Norse",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *teh₂g- (touch)",
"Middle English uncountable nouns",
"Middle English verb forms",
"Middle English verbs",
"Pages with 32 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Tools"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "shepestak"
},
{
"word": "takfre"
},
{
"word": "takman"
},
{
"word": "takswine"
},
{
"word": "thisteltak"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tack",
"id": "contract"
},
"expansion": "English: tack",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: tack"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "tak",
"3": "take"
},
"expansion": "Scots: tak, take",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: tak, take"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*teh₂g-",
"id": "touch"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "non",
"3": "taka",
"4": "",
"5": "revenue"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse taka (“revenue”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "taken",
"3": "",
"4": "to take"
},
"expansion": "Middle English taken (“to take”)",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse taka (“revenue”) (from the verb taka (“to take”)) and from Middle English taken (“to take”), itself from Old Norse.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "take",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "takke",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "thac",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "tac",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "tak",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "tak (uncountable)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"enm:Taxation"
],
"glosses": [
"tack (a fee paid to a lord or king for the right to keep swine)"
],
"links": [
[
"tack",
"tack"
],
[
"fee",
"fee"
],
[
"lord",
"lord"
],
[
"king",
"king"
],
[
"swine",
"swine"
]
],
"senseid": [
"enm:fee"
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"word": "tak"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English non-lemma forms",
"Middle English verb forms",
"Middle English verbs",
"Pages with 32 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Tools"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"forms": [
{
"form": "takketh",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "takkende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "takkynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "takked",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "tak",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"stem": "takk"
},
"expansion": "tak (third-person singular simple present takketh, present participle takkende, takkynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle takked)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "takken"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of takken"
],
"links": [
[
"takken",
"takken#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "tak"
}
{
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{
"form": "takes",
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{
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"word": "tach"
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{
"form": "takinge",
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},
{
"form": "toke",
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}
Download raw JSONL data for tak meaning in Middle English (8.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-07-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-07-01 using wiktextract (45c4a21 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.