"syften" meaning in Middle English

See syften in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /ˈsiftən/
Etymology: From Old English siftan, from Proto-West Germanic *siftijan. Etymology templates: {{inh|enm|ang|siftan}} Old English siftan, {{inh|enm|gmw-pro|*siftijan}} Proto-West Germanic *siftijan Head templates: {{head|enm|verb|head=}} syften, {{enm-verb|stem=syft}} syften (third-person singular simple present syfteth, present participle syftende, syftynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle syfted) Inflection templates: {{enm-conj-wk|syft}} Forms: syfteth [present, singular, third-person], syftende [participle, present], syftynge [participle, present], syfted [first-person, indicative, participle, past, singular, third-person], weak [table-tags], syften [infinitive], to syften [infinitive], syfte [infinitive], syfte [first-person, present, singular], syfted [first-person, past, singular], syftest [present, second-person, singular], syftedest [past, second-person, singular], syfteth [present, singular, third-person], syfted [past, singular, third-person], syfte [present, singular, subjunctive], syfted [past, singular, subjunctive], syfte [imperative, present, singular], - [imperative, past, singular], syften [plural, present], syfte [plural, present], syfteden [past, plural], syftede [past, plural], syfteth [imperative, plural, present], syfte [imperative, plural, present], - [imperative, past, plural], syftynge [participle, present], syftende [participle, present], syfted [participle, past], ysyfted [participle, past]
  1. To sift, strain, or percolate; to pass through a riddle. Synonyms: temsen
    Sense id: en-syften-enm-verb-VvgDR6uE Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 62 38
  2. (rare) To use a sieve to spread ashes around. Tags: rare
    Sense id: en-syften-enm-verb-AsVwKH1u
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: cyftyn, siften Related terms: syftynge

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for syften meaning in Middle English (4.3kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "sift"
          },
          "expansion": "English: sift",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: sift"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "sift"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: sift",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: sift"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "siftan"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English siftan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*siftijan"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *siftijan",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English siftan, from Proto-West Germanic *siftijan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "syfteth",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "syftende",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "syftynge",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "syfted",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "enm-conj-wk",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "syften",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "to syften",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "syfte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "syfte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "syfted",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "syftest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "syftedest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "syfteth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "syfted",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "syfte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "syfted",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "syfte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "syften",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "syfte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "syfteden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "syftede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "syfteth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "syfte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "syftynge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "syftende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "syfted",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ysyfted",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "syften",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "stem": "syft"
      },
      "expansion": "syften (third-person singular simple present syfteth, present participle syftende, syftynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle syfted)",
      "name": "enm-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "syft"
      },
      "name": "enm-conj-wk"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "syftynge"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "62 38",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To sift, strain, or percolate; to pass through a riddle."
      ],
      "id": "en-syften-enm-verb-VvgDR6uE",
      "links": [
        [
          "sift",
          "sift"
        ],
        [
          "strain",
          "strain"
        ],
        [
          "percolate",
          "percolate"
        ],
        [
          "riddle",
          "riddle"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "temsen"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "To use a sieve to spread ashes around."
      ],
      "id": "en-syften-enm-verb-AsVwKH1u",
      "links": [
        [
          "sieve",
          "sieve"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) To use a sieve to spread ashes around."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈsiftən/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "cyftyn"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "siften"
    }
  ],
  "word": "syften"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Middle English verbs",
    "Middle English weak verbs"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "sift"
          },
          "expansion": "English: sift",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: sift"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "sift"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: sift",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: sift"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "siftan"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English siftan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*siftijan"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *siftijan",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English siftan, from Proto-West Germanic *siftijan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "syfteth",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "syftende",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "syftynge",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "syfted",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "enm-conj-wk",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "syften",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "to syften",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "syfte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "syfte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "syfted",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "syftest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "syftedest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "syfteth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "syfted",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "syfte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "syfted",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "syfte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "syften",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "syfte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "syfteden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "syftede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "syfteth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "syfte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "syftynge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "syftende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "syfted",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ysyfted",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "syften",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "stem": "syft"
      },
      "expansion": "syften (third-person singular simple present syfteth, present participle syftende, syftynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle syfted)",
      "name": "enm-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "syft"
      },
      "name": "enm-conj-wk"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "syftynge"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To sift, strain, or percolate; to pass through a riddle."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sift",
          "sift"
        ],
        [
          "strain",
          "strain"
        ],
        [
          "percolate",
          "percolate"
        ],
        [
          "riddle",
          "riddle"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "temsen"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To use a sieve to spread ashes around."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sieve",
          "sieve"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) To use a sieve to spread ashes around."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈsiftən/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "cyftyn"
    },
    {
      "word": "siften"
    }
  ],
  "word": "syften"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (8203a16 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.