See steer in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Livestock",
"orig": "enm:Livestock",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "steer"
},
"expansion": "English: steer",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: steer"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-msc",
"2": "ster",
"3": "stere",
"4": "steir"
},
"expansion": "Middle Scots: ster, stere, steir",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Scots: ster, stere, steir"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "steer"
},
"expansion": "Scots: steer",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: steer"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "steer"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "stēor",
"4": "",
"5": "steer",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English stēor (“steer”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "stēor",
"4": "",
"5": "steer"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English stēor (“steer”)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*steur"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *steur",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*steuraz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *steuraz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English stēor (“steer”), from Proto-West Germanic *steur, from Proto-Germanic *steuraz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "steres",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "steor",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ster",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "stere",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "steer",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "steres"
},
"expansion": "steer (plural steres)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Baby animals",
"orig": "enm:Baby animals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Bovines",
"orig": "enm:Bovines",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "57 43",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Male animals",
"orig": "enm:Male animals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"steer, young bull"
],
"id": "en-steer-enm-noun-vB-7Msgm",
"links": [
[
"steer",
"steer#English"
],
[
"young",
"young"
],
[
"bull",
"bull"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/steːr/"
},
{
"ipa": "/støːr/",
"tags": [
"Early-Middle-English"
]
}
],
"word": "steer"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Livestock",
"orig": "enm:Livestock",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "steer",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "rudder, control",
"word": "stere"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 82",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Baby animals",
"orig": "enm:Baby animals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Bovines",
"orig": "enm:Bovines",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of stere (“rudder, control”)"
],
"id": "en-steer-enm-noun-iwrTNdQq",
"links": [
[
"stere",
"stere#Middle_English:_rudder"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "steer"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Baby animals",
"enm:Bovines",
"enm:Livestock",
"enm:Male animals"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "steer"
},
"expansion": "English: steer",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: steer"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-msc",
"2": "ster",
"3": "stere",
"4": "steir"
},
"expansion": "Middle Scots: ster, stere, steir",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Scots: ster, stere, steir"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "steer"
},
"expansion": "Scots: steer",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: steer"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "steer"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "stēor",
"4": "",
"5": "steer",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English stēor (“steer”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "stēor",
"4": "",
"5": "steer"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English stēor (“steer”)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*steur"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *steur",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*steuraz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *steuraz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English stēor (“steer”), from Proto-West Germanic *steur, from Proto-Germanic *steuraz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "steres",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "steor",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ster",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "stere",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "steer",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "steres"
},
"expansion": "steer (plural steres)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"steer, young bull"
],
"links": [
[
"steer",
"steer#English"
],
[
"young",
"young"
],
[
"bull",
"bull"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/steːr/"
},
{
"ipa": "/støːr/",
"tags": [
"Early-Middle-English"
]
}
],
"word": "steer"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Baby animals",
"enm:Bovines",
"enm:Livestock",
"enm:Male animals"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "steer",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "rudder, control",
"word": "stere"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of stere (“rudder, control”)"
],
"links": [
[
"stere",
"stere#Middle_English:_rudder"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "steer"
}
Download raw JSONL data for steer meaning in Middle English (3.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.