See spere in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for spere meaning in Middle English (8.5kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "spere-hed"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "spere schaft"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "sperwort"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "spear"
},
"expansion": "English: spear",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: spear"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "spere",
"3": "speir"
},
"expansion": "Scots: spere, speir",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: spere, speir"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "spere",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English spere",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "spere"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English spere",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*speru"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *speru",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*speru"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *speru",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English spere, from Proto-West Germanic *speru, from Proto-Germanic *speru.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "speres",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sperren",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "spere",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl2": "sperren"
},
"expansion": "spere (plural speres or sperren)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A spear or lance."
],
"id": "en-spere-enm-noun-enm:spear",
"links": [
[
"spear",
"spear"
],
[
"lance",
"lance"
]
],
"senseid": [
"enm:spear"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Christianity",
"orig": "enm:Christianity",
"parents": [
"Abrahamism",
"Religion",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "24 36 2 5 8 6 7 4 4 1 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Polearms",
"orig": "enm:Polearms",
"parents": [
"Weapons",
"Hunting",
"Military",
"Tools",
"Human activity",
"Society",
"Technology",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The Lance of Longinus."
],
"id": "en-spere-enm-noun-j793znrr",
"links": [
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Christianity) The Lance of Longinus."
],
"topics": [
"Christianity"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A barb or point."
],
"id": "en-spere-enm-noun-yaIFw2R0",
"links": [
[
"barb",
"barb"
],
[
"point",
"point"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 14 4 23 10 8 12 10 9 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 14 4 24 10 8 12 10 9 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A spearman; a soldier who wields a spear."
],
"id": "en-spere-enm-noun-zB52kOcf",
"links": [
[
"spearman",
"spearman"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈspɛːr(ə)/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "spære"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "spear"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "speer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sper"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sperre"
}
],
"word": "spere"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sphere"
},
"expansion": "English: sphere",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: sphere"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "sphere",
"3": "spere"
},
"expansion": "Scots: sphere, spere",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: sphere, spere"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "sphere",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old French sphere",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "sphere"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Old French sphere",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "sphaera"
},
"expansion": "Latin sphaera",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "grc",
"3": "σφαῖρα"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek σφαῖρα (sphaîra)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old French sphere, from Latin sphaera, from Ancient Greek σφαῖρα (sphaîra).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "speres",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "spere",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "spere (plural speres)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Astronomy",
"orig": "enm:Astronomy",
"parents": [
"Sciences",
"Space",
"All topics",
"Nature",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The cosmos, outer space"
],
"id": "en-spere-enm-noun-1CtQLtGa",
"links": [
[
"astronomy",
"astronomy"
],
[
"cosmos",
"cosmos"
],
[
"outer space",
"outer space"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(astronomy) The cosmos, outer space"
],
"topics": [
"astronomy",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A globe or sphere representing outer space."
],
"id": "en-spere-enm-noun-puycg03K"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Astronomy",
"orig": "enm:Astronomy",
"parents": [
"Sciences",
"Space",
"All topics",
"Nature",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The supposed outer sphere of the cosmos, the primum mobile."
],
"id": "en-spere-enm-noun-fYszZTHJ",
"links": [
[
"astronomy",
"astronomy"
],
[
"sphere",
"sphere"
],
[
"primum mobile",
"primum mobile"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(astronomy) The supposed outer sphere of the cosmos, the primum mobile."
],
"topics": [
"astronomy",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 5 3 6 8 17 18 27 7 2 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Shapes",
"orig": "enm:Shapes",
"parents": [
"Geometry",
"Mathematics",
"Formal sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sphere, ball, a spherical object."
],
"id": "en-spere-enm-noun-enm:sphere",
"links": [
[
"sphere",
"sphere"
],
[
"ball",
"ball"
],
[
"spherical",
"spherical"
],
[
"object",
"object"
]
],
"senseid": [
"enm:sphere"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈspeːr(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈspɛːr(ə)/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sper"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "sphere"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "spire"
}
],
"word": "spere"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "spere"
},
"expansion": "English: spere",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: spere"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "spera"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin spera",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Medieval Latin spera.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "speres",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
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},
"expansion": "spere",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "spere (plural speres)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"partition, divider"
],
"id": "en-spere-enm-noun-enm:partition",
"links": [
[
"partition",
"partition"
],
[
"divider",
"divider"
]
],
"senseid": [
"enm:partition"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "spure"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈspɛːr(ə)/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sperre"
}
],
"word": "spere"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "spere",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "sparre"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of sparre"
],
"id": "en-spere-enm-noun-tkeQz1va",
"links": [
[
"sparre",
"sparre#Middle English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "spere"
}
{
"etymology_number": 5,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "spere",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "to close",
"word": "sparren"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of sparren (“to close”)"
],
"id": "en-spere-enm-verb-4WyLVcFJ",
"links": [
[
"sparren",
"sparren#Middle_English:_to_close"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "spere"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Middle English verbs",
"enm:Polearms",
"enm:Shapes"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "spere-hed"
},
{
"word": "spere schaft"
},
{
"word": "sperwort"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "spear"
},
"expansion": "English: spear",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: spear"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "spere",
"3": "speir"
},
"expansion": "Scots: spere, speir",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: spere, speir"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "spere",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English spere",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "spere"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English spere",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*speru"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *speru",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*speru"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *speru",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English spere, from Proto-West Germanic *speru, from Proto-Germanic *speru.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "speres",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sperren",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
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},
"expansion": "spere",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl2": "sperren"
},
"expansion": "spere (plural speres or sperren)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A spear or lance."
],
"links": [
[
"spear",
"spear"
],
[
"lance",
"lance"
]
],
"senseid": [
"enm:spear"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"enm:Christianity"
],
"glosses": [
"The Lance of Longinus."
],
"links": [
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Christianity) The Lance of Longinus."
],
"topics": [
"Christianity"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A barb or point."
],
"links": [
[
"barb",
"barb"
],
[
"point",
"point"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A spearman; a soldier who wields a spear."
],
"links": [
[
"spearman",
"spearman"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈspɛːr(ə)/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "spære"
},
{
"word": "spear"
},
{
"word": "speer"
},
{
"word": "sper"
},
{
"word": "sperre"
}
],
"word": "spere"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Middle English terms derived from Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Middle English verbs",
"enm:Polearms",
"enm:Shapes"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sphere"
},
"expansion": "English: sphere",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: sphere"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "sphere",
"3": "spere"
},
"expansion": "Scots: sphere, spere",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: sphere, spere"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
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{
"args": {
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},
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{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "sphere",
"4": "",
"5": "",
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"g2": "",
"g3": "",
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"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
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"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old French sphere",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "sphere"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Old French sphere",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "sphaera"
},
"expansion": "Latin sphaera",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "grc",
"3": "σφαῖρα"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek σφαῖρα (sphaîra)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old French sphere, from Latin sphaera, from Ancient Greek σφαῖρα (sphaîra).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "speres",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
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"expansion": "spere",
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},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "spere (plural speres)",
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}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"enm:Astronomy"
],
"glosses": [
"The cosmos, outer space"
],
"links": [
[
"astronomy",
"astronomy"
],
[
"cosmos",
"cosmos"
],
[
"outer space",
"outer space"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(astronomy) The cosmos, outer space"
],
"topics": [
"astronomy",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A globe or sphere representing outer space."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"enm:Astronomy"
],
"glosses": [
"The supposed outer sphere of the cosmos, the primum mobile."
],
"links": [
[
"astronomy",
"astronomy"
],
[
"sphere",
"sphere"
],
[
"primum mobile",
"primum mobile"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(astronomy) The supposed outer sphere of the cosmos, the primum mobile."
],
"topics": [
"astronomy",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"sphere, ball, a spherical object."
],
"links": [
[
"sphere",
"sphere"
],
[
"ball",
"ball"
],
[
"spherical",
"spherical"
],
[
"object",
"object"
]
],
"senseid": [
"enm:sphere"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈspeːr(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈspɛːr(ə)/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sper"
},
{
"word": "sphere"
},
{
"word": "spire"
}
],
"word": "spere"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Middle English verbs",
"enm:Polearms",
"enm:Shapes"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "spere"
},
"expansion": "English: spere",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: spere"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "spera"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin spera",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Medieval Latin spera.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "speres",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "spere",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "spere (plural speres)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"partition, divider"
],
"links": [
[
"partition",
"partition"
],
[
"divider",
"divider"
]
],
"senseid": [
"enm:partition"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈspɛːr(ə)/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sperre"
},
{
"word": "spure"
}
],
"word": "spere"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English verbs",
"enm:Polearms",
"enm:Shapes"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "spere",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "sparre"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of sparre"
],
"links": [
[
"sparre",
"sparre#Middle English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "spere"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English verbs",
"enm:Polearms",
"enm:Shapes"
],
"etymology_number": 5,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "spere",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "to close",
"word": "sparren"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of sparren (“to close”)"
],
"links": [
[
"sparren",
"sparren#Middle_English:_to_close"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "spere"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.