See schiften in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for schiften meaning in Middle English (6.2kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "shift"
},
"expansion": "English: shift",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: shift"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "shift",
"3": "schift"
},
"expansion": "Scots: shift, schift",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: shift, schift"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "sċiftan"
},
"expansion": "Old English sċiftan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skiftijaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skiftijaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "schyft",
"3": "-en",
"id2": "infinitival",
"pos2": "infinitival suffix"
},
"expansion": "schyft + -en (infinitival suffix)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "skift"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of skift",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English sċiftan, from Proto-Germanic *skiftijaną; equivalent to schyft + -en (infinitival suffix). Doublet of skift.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "schiften",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to schiften",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "schifte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "schifte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "schifted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "schiftest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "schiftedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "schifteth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "schifted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "schifte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "schifted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "schifte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "schiften",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "schifte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "schifteden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "schiftede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "schifteth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "schifte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "schiftynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "schiftende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "schifted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "yschifted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "schiften",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "schift"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "schyft"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "schyftynge"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 17 14 20 22 4 7 3 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To split, cut up, sunder."
],
"id": "en-schiften-enm-verb-HaQbBCr6",
"links": [
[
"split",
"split"
],
[
"cut",
"cut"
],
[
"up",
"up"
],
[
"sunder",
"sunder"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 13 7 25 27 3 11 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 17 14 20 22 4 7 3 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To share out, redistribute, split equally."
],
"id": "en-schiften-enm-verb-XCaIC089",
"links": [
[
"share",
"share"
],
[
"out",
"out"
],
[
"redistribute",
"redistribute"
],
[
"split",
"split"
],
[
"equally",
"equally"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 13 7 25 27 3 11 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 17 14 20 22 4 7 3 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To break apart, ruin, smash, make dissolute."
],
"id": "en-schiften-enm-verb-gjjXxeYE",
"links": [
[
"break",
"break"
],
[
"apart",
"apart"
],
[
"ruin",
"ruin"
],
[
"smash",
"smash"
],
[
"dissolute",
"dissolute"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To choose, pick, select."
],
"id": "en-schiften-enm-verb-rLeOp6Oa",
"links": [
[
"choose",
"choose"
],
[
"pick",
"pick"
],
[
"select",
"select"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 13 7 25 27 3 11 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To ready, prepare, rectify, sort."
],
"id": "en-schiften-enm-verb-vDK-Tj2G",
"links": [
[
"ready",
"ready"
],
[
"prepare",
"prepare"
],
[
"rectify",
"rectify"
],
[
"sort",
"sort"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To leave; to change place."
],
"id": "en-schiften-enm-verb-hkuLpkTl",
"links": [
[
"leave",
"leave"
],
[
"change",
"change"
],
[
"place",
"place"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To shift, modify, alter."
],
"id": "en-schiften-enm-verb-bOxRiuxz",
"links": [
[
"shift",
"shift"
],
[
"modify",
"modify"
],
[
"alter",
"alter"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) To shift, modify, alter."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃiftən/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "schyfte"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "schifte"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "scuften"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shiften"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "schyftyn"
}
],
"word": "schiften"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English doublets",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Middle English verbs",
"Middle English weak verbs"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "shift"
},
"expansion": "English: shift",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: shift"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "shift",
"3": "schift"
},
"expansion": "Scots: shift, schift",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: shift, schift"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "sċiftan"
},
"expansion": "Old English sċiftan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skiftijaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skiftijaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "schyft",
"3": "-en",
"id2": "infinitival",
"pos2": "infinitival suffix"
},
"expansion": "schyft + -en (infinitival suffix)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "skift"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of skift",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English sċiftan, from Proto-Germanic *skiftijaną; equivalent to schyft + -en (infinitival suffix). Doublet of skift.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "schiften",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to schiften",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "schifte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "schifte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "schifted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "schiftest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "schiftedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "schifteth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "schifted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "schifte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "schifted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "schifte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "schiften",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "schifte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "schifteden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "schiftede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "schifteth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "schifte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "schiftynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "schiftende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "schifted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "yschifted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "schiften",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "schift"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "schyft"
},
{
"word": "schyftynge"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To split, cut up, sunder."
],
"links": [
[
"split",
"split"
],
[
"cut",
"cut"
],
[
"up",
"up"
],
[
"sunder",
"sunder"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To share out, redistribute, split equally."
],
"links": [
[
"share",
"share"
],
[
"out",
"out"
],
[
"redistribute",
"redistribute"
],
[
"split",
"split"
],
[
"equally",
"equally"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To break apart, ruin, smash, make dissolute."
],
"links": [
[
"break",
"break"
],
[
"apart",
"apart"
],
[
"ruin",
"ruin"
],
[
"smash",
"smash"
],
[
"dissolute",
"dissolute"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To choose, pick, select."
],
"links": [
[
"choose",
"choose"
],
[
"pick",
"pick"
],
[
"select",
"select"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To ready, prepare, rectify, sort."
],
"links": [
[
"ready",
"ready"
],
[
"prepare",
"prepare"
],
[
"rectify",
"rectify"
],
[
"sort",
"sort"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To leave; to change place."
],
"links": [
[
"leave",
"leave"
],
[
"change",
"change"
],
[
"place",
"place"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To shift, modify, alter."
],
"links": [
[
"shift",
"shift"
],
[
"modify",
"modify"
],
[
"alter",
"alter"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) To shift, modify, alter."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃiftən/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "schyfte"
},
{
"word": "schifte"
},
{
"word": "scuften"
},
{
"word": "shiften"
},
{
"word": "schyftyn"
}
],
"word": "schiften"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (1b9bfc5 and 0136956). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.