"ruby" meaning in Middle English

See ruby in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈriu̯biː/, /ˈriu̯beː/ Forms: rubies [plural]
Etymology: Borrowed from Old French rubi, itself borrowed from Latin rubeus. Etymology templates: {{bor|enm|fro|rubi}} Old French rubi, {{der|enm|la|rubeus}} Latin rubeus Head templates: {{head|enm|nouns|g=|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=}} ruby, {{enm-noun|rubies}} ruby (plural rubies)
  1. A ruby (red precious stone)
    Sense id: en-ruby-enm-noun-hxTq5HYg
  2. (figuratively) A precious individual. Tags: figuratively Categories (topical): Gems, Medicine
    Sense id: en-ruby-enm-noun-4mHwK0aE Disambiguation of Gems: 23 48 30 Disambiguation of Medicine: 8 59 33
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: rebe, ribe, rube, rubee, rubie, rybe, ryby
Etymology number: 1

Verb

Head templates: {{head|enm|verb}} ruby
  1. Alternative form of robben Tags: alt-of, alternative Alternative form of: robben Categories (topical): Alchemy
    Sense id: en-ruby-enm-verb-dw4AOpIs Disambiguation of Alchemy: 12 35 53 Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 8 22 70
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "ruby"
          },
          "expansion": "English: ruby",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: ruby"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "rubi"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French rubi",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "rubeus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin rubeus",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old French rubi, itself borrowed from Latin rubeus.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "rubies",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "nouns",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "ruby",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "rubies"
      },
      "expansion": "ruby (plural rubies)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A ruby (red precious stone)"
      ],
      "id": "en-ruby-enm-noun-hxTq5HYg",
      "links": [
        [
          "ruby",
          "ruby#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "23 48 30",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Gems",
          "orig": "enm:Gems",
          "parents": [
            "Jewelry",
            "Mineralogy",
            "Clothing",
            "Geology",
            "Human",
            "Earth sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Sciences",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 59 33",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Medicine",
          "orig": "enm:Medicine",
          "parents": [
            "Biology",
            "Healthcare",
            "Sciences",
            "Health",
            "All topics",
            "Body",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A precious individual."
      ],
      "id": "en-ruby-enm-noun-4mHwK0aE",
      "links": [
        [
          "precious",
          "precious"
        ],
        [
          "individual",
          "individual"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively) A precious individual."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈriu̯biː/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈriu̯beː/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "rebe"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "ribe"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "rube"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "rubee"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "rubie"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "rybe"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "ryby"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ruby"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "ruby",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "robben"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "8 22 70",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 35 53",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Alchemy",
          "orig": "enm:Alchemy",
          "parents": [
            "Forteana",
            "Obsolete scientific theories",
            "Pseudoscience",
            "History of science",
            "Sciences",
            "History",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of robben"
      ],
      "id": "en-ruby-enm-verb-dw4AOpIs",
      "links": [
        [
          "robben",
          "robben#Middle_English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ruby"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
    "Middle English terms derived from Latin",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old French",
    "Middle English verbs",
    "Pages with 4 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Alchemy",
    "enm:Gems",
    "enm:Medicine"
  ],
  "descendants": [
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      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "ruby"
          },
          "expansion": "English: ruby",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: ruby"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "rubi"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French rubi",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "rubeus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin rubeus",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old French rubi, itself borrowed from Latin rubeus.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "rubies",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "nouns",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "ruby",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "rubies"
      },
      "expansion": "ruby (plural rubies)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A ruby (red precious stone)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ruby",
          "ruby#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A precious individual."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "precious",
          "precious"
        ],
        [
          "individual",
          "individual"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively) A precious individual."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈriu̯biː/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈriu̯beː/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "rebe"
    },
    {
      "word": "ribe"
    },
    {
      "word": "rube"
    },
    {
      "word": "rubee"
    },
    {
      "word": "rubie"
    },
    {
      "word": "rybe"
    },
    {
      "word": "ryby"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ruby"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English verbs",
    "Pages with 4 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Alchemy",
    "enm:Gems",
    "enm:Medicine"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "ruby",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "robben"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of robben"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "robben",
          "robben#Middle_English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ruby"
}

Download raw JSONL data for ruby meaning in Middle English (2.2kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.