See roten in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for roten meaning in Middle English (22.3kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rot"
},
"expansion": "English: rot",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: rot"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "rot"
},
"expansion": "Scots: rot",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: rot"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "rothed",
"alts": "1",
"qq": "adj"
},
"expansion": "Yola: rothed, rothyed; rotheda (adj)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yola: rothed, rothyed; rotheda (adj)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "to rot"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "rotian",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English rotian",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "rotian"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English rotian",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*rotēn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *rotēn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*rutāną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rutāną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nInherited from Old English rotian, from Proto-West Germanic *rotēn, from Proto-Germanic *rutāną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "roteth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rotynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "roted",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "strong weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "roten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to roten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "rote",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "rote",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "roted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rotest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rotedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "roteth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "roted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rote",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "roted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "rote",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "roten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rote",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "roteden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rotede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "roteth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rote",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rotynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rotende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "roted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "roten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "roten",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "roteth",
"2": "rotynge",
"3": "roted"
},
"expansion": "roten (third-person singular simple present roteth, present participle rotynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle roted)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rot",
"p_part3": "0",
"s4": "rot",
"sc": "4",
"y": "0"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rotennesse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rotidnes"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rotnesse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rotynge"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rotyngnesse"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 6 4 2 0 0 1 16 16 16 5 4 5 3 4 8 4 1 0 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Death",
"orig": "enm:Death",
"parents": [
"Body",
"Life",
"Human",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 1 3 15 1 2 14 14 14 6 1 2 0 8 7 9 1 0 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Disease",
"orig": "enm:Disease",
"parents": [
"Health",
"Pathology",
"Body",
"Medicine",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To decompose; to make or become rotten or spoiled:",
"To become toxic or noxious (of gas or liquid)"
],
"id": "en-roten-enm-verb-aAFYuBPd",
"links": [
[
"decompose",
"decompose"
],
[
"rotten",
"rotten"
],
[
"spoiled",
"spoiled"
],
[
"toxic",
"toxic"
],
[
"noxious",
"noxious"
],
[
"gas",
"gas#English"
],
[
"liquid",
"liquid#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 6 4 2 0 0 1 16 16 16 5 4 5 3 4 8 4 1 0 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Death",
"orig": "enm:Death",
"parents": [
"Body",
"Life",
"Human",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 1 3 15 1 2 14 14 14 6 1 2 0 8 7 9 1 0 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Disease",
"orig": "enm:Disease",
"parents": [
"Health",
"Pathology",
"Body",
"Medicine",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To decompose; to make or become rotten or spoiled:",
"To putrefy; to become or make infected or gangrenous (in the body)."
],
"id": "en-roten-enm-verb-Saf20psj",
"links": [
[
"decompose",
"decompose"
],
[
"rotten",
"rotten"
],
[
"spoiled",
"spoiled"
],
[
"putrefy",
"putrefy"
],
[
"infected",
"infected"
],
[
"gangrenous",
"gangrenous"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 6 4 2 0 0 1 16 16 16 5 4 5 3 4 8 4 1 0 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Death",
"orig": "enm:Death",
"parents": [
"Body",
"Life",
"Human",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 1 3 15 1 2 14 14 14 6 1 2 0 8 7 9 1 0 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Disease",
"orig": "enm:Disease",
"parents": [
"Health",
"Pathology",
"Body",
"Medicine",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To decompose; to make or become rotten or spoiled:",
"To become rusty; to develop a layer of rust."
],
"id": "en-roten-enm-verb-z0Nivy0x",
"links": [
[
"decompose",
"decompose"
],
[
"rotten",
"rotten"
],
[
"spoiled",
"spoiled"
],
[
"rusty",
"rusty"
],
[
"rust",
"rust"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"To decompose; to make or become rotten or spoiled:",
"(rare) To become rusty; to develop a layer of rust."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 4 2 18 6 2 6 1 1 3 14 1 8 1 5 6 2 4 4 5",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Ethics",
"orig": "enm:Ethics",
"parents": [
"Philosophy",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To morally degenerate or decay; to become sinful."
],
"id": "en-roten-enm-verb-FYWdWZu7",
"links": [
[
"morally",
"morally"
],
[
"degenerate",
"degenerate"
],
[
"decay",
"decay"
],
[
"sinful",
"sinful"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To languish; to become weak or feeble due to imprisonment."
],
"id": "en-roten-enm-verb-6E1jijpZ",
"links": [
[
"languish",
"languish"
],
[
"weak",
"weak"
],
[
"feeble",
"feeble"
],
[
"imprisonment",
"imprisonment"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To disappear; to lose presence, existence, or vitality."
],
"id": "en-roten-enm-verb-8wxvVjHD",
"links": [
[
"disappear",
"disappear"
],
[
"presence",
"presence"
],
[
"existence",
"existence"
],
[
"vitality",
"vitality"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Clothing",
"orig": "enm:Clothing",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To become tattered, ragged, or old."
],
"id": "en-roten-enm-verb-17CqxSCN",
"links": [
[
"clothing",
"clothing#Noun"
],
[
"tattered",
"tattered"
],
[
"ragged",
"ragged"
],
[
"old",
"old"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of clothing) To become tattered, ragged, or old."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of clothing"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 11 9 4 7 1 2 5 5 5 5 4 5 3 11 3 7 2 0 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Bodily fluids",
"orig": "enm:Bodily fluids",
"parents": [
"Body parts",
"Liquids",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"Matter",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 15 6 4 3 2 2 5 3 7 5 3 5 3 11 4 2 3 0 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Liquids",
"orig": "enm:Liquids",
"parents": [
"Matter",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To steep; to immerse in fluid."
],
"id": "en-roten-enm-verb-53FsJIMo",
"links": [
[
"steep",
"steep"
],
[
"immerse",
"immerse"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) To steep; to immerse in fluid."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈrɔtən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈrɔːtən/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "roote"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rooton"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rootye"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "roti"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rotie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rotte"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rotten"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "roty"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rotye"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rotenn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rotien"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Early-Middle-English"
],
"word": "rotiȝen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rote"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rotyn"
}
],
"word": "roten"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "root"
},
"expansion": "English: root",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: root"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "ruit"
},
"expansion": "Scots: ruit",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: ruit"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "to root"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "rote",
"3": "-en",
"id1": "root",
"id2": "infinitival",
"pos2": "infinitival suffix",
"t1": "root"
},
"expansion": "rote (“root”) + -en (infinitival suffix)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nFrom rote (“root”) + -en (infinitival suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "roteth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rotynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "roted",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "roten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to roten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "rote",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "rote",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "roted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rotest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rotedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "roteth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "roted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rote",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "roted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "rote",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "roten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rote",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "roteden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rotede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "roteth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rote",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rotynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rotende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "roted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "yroted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "roten",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "roteth",
"2": "rotynge",
"3": "roted"
},
"expansion": "roten (third-person singular simple present roteth, present participle rotynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle roted)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rot"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "41 16 21 11 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 13 10 2 0 0 0 10 10 10 2 4 2 2 11 19 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Nature",
"orig": "enm:Nature",
"parents": [
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To put out roots; to start growing.."
],
"id": "en-roten-enm-verb-qLDbnNfg",
"links": [
[
"root",
"root"
],
[
"growing",
"growing"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To settle or fix; to put in a permanent state."
],
"id": "en-roten-enm-verb-JQ74x7Z8",
"links": [
[
"settle",
"settle"
],
[
"fix",
"fix"
],
[
"permanent",
"permanent"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To begin or institute; to cause to settle or fix."
],
"id": "en-roten-enm-verb-3LNuZcL5",
"links": [
[
"begin",
"begin"
],
[
"institute",
"institute"
],
[
"settle",
"settle"
],
[
"fix",
"fix"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To place a value or belief into one's mind."
],
"id": "en-roten-enm-verb-oLhU5a8z",
"links": [
[
"place",
"place"
],
[
"value",
"value"
],
[
"belief",
"belief"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To link or connect; to make an attachment."
],
"id": "en-roten-enm-verb-TQfskL9o",
"links": [
[
"link",
"link"
],
[
"connect",
"connect"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈroːtən/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rote"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rotyn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rooten"
}
],
"word": "roten"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rotten"
},
"expansion": "English: rotten",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: rotten"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "rotten"
},
"expansion": "Scots: rotten",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: rotten"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "rotten"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "non",
"3": "rotinn",
"4": "",
"5": "rotten",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Norse rotinn (“rotten”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "non",
"3": "rotinn",
"t": "rotten"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Old Norse rotinn (“rotten”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nBorrowed from Old Norse rotinn (“rotten”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "roten",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 15 6 4 3 2 2 5 3 7 5 3 5 3 11 4 2 3 0 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Liquids",
"orig": "enm:Liquids",
"parents": [
"Matter",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Rotten or spoiled (usually of animal or plant matter):",
"Toxic, noxious (of gas or liquid)"
],
"id": "en-roten-enm-adj-eG0lmoL0",
"links": [
[
"Rotten",
"rotten"
],
[
"spoiled",
"spoiled"
],
[
"Toxic",
"toxic"
],
[
"noxious",
"noxious"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Rotten or spoiled (usually of animal or plant matter):",
"(rare) Toxic, noxious (of gas or liquid)"
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 17 14 4 2 2 2 7 6 2 4 9 4 4 1 6 2 2 0 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 16 12 5 2 2 2 7 6 2 5 10 5 5 1 5 2 3 0 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 17 13 4 3 2 6 7 6 2 4 10 4 3 1 5 2 3 0 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -en (noun plural)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 11 9 4 7 1 2 5 5 5 5 4 5 3 11 3 7 2 0 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Bodily fluids",
"orig": "enm:Bodily fluids",
"parents": [
"Body parts",
"Liquids",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"Matter",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 15 6 4 3 2 2 5 3 7 5 3 5 3 11 4 2 3 0 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Liquids",
"orig": "enm:Liquids",
"parents": [
"Matter",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Rotten or spoiled (usually of animal or plant matter):",
"Collapsing or decomposing into pieces; falling apart."
],
"id": "en-roten-enm-adj-UiRdm5vY",
"links": [
[
"Rotten",
"rotten"
],
[
"spoiled",
"spoiled"
],
[
"Collapsing",
"collapsing"
],
[
"decomposing",
"decomposing"
],
[
"falling",
"falling"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Rotten or spoiled (usually of animal or plant matter):",
"(rare) Collapsing or decomposing into pieces; falling apart."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 11 9 4 7 1 2 5 5 5 5 4 5 3 11 3 7 2 0 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Bodily fluids",
"orig": "enm:Bodily fluids",
"parents": [
"Body parts",
"Liquids",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"Matter",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "No health is in my body due to the nature of your anger; no rest is in my bones due to my sinful behaviour. / For my wickedness has utterly enveloped me, like a heavy load that has weighed on me. / My healed wounds were festering, and have burst from the nature of my mistakes.",
"ref": "a. 1382, John Wycliffe, “Psalms 37:4-6”, in Wycliffe's Bible",
"text": "Noon helthe is in my fleiſch fro the face of thin ire; no pees is to my boonys fro the face of my ſynnes. / For my wickidneſſis ben goon ouer myn heed; as an heuy birthun, tho ben maad heuy on me. / Myn heelid woundis weren rotun, and ben brokun; fro the face of myn vnwiſdom.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Gangrenous, infected (having necrosis or putrefaction)"
],
"id": "en-roten-enm-adj-dLa2JdTa",
"links": [
[
"Gangrenous",
"gangrenous"
],
[
"infected",
"infected"
],
[
"necrosis",
"necrosis#English"
],
[
"putrefaction",
"putrefaction#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 4 2 18 6 2 6 1 1 3 14 1 8 1 5 6 2 4 4 5",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Ethics",
"orig": "enm:Ethics",
"parents": [
"Philosophy",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Evil, sinful; morally retrograde."
],
"id": "en-roten-enm-adj-3OhJHt-2",
"links": [
[
"Evil",
"evil"
],
[
"sinful",
"sinful"
],
[
"morally",
"morally"
],
[
"retrograde",
"retrograde"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 2 0 2 16 0 2 11 11 11 11 0 3 4 11 0 11 2 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Age",
"orig": "enm:Age",
"parents": [
"Human",
"Time",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 1 3 15 1 2 14 14 14 6 1 2 0 8 7 9 1 0 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Disease",
"orig": "enm:Disease",
"parents": [
"Health",
"Pathology",
"Body",
"Medicine",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Elderly, aged (of people)"
],
"id": "en-roten-enm-adj-ye4OIPOl",
"links": [
[
"Elderly",
"elderly"
],
[
"aged",
"aged"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Elderly, aged (of people)"
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Devastated; damaged beyond repair."
],
"id": "en-roten-enm-adj-umpp-aK~",
"links": [
[
"Devastated",
"devastated"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Devastated; damaged beyond repair."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈrɔtən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈrɔːtən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈrɔːt(ə)/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "roote"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rote"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rotyn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rooten"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "roton"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rottyn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rotun"
}
],
"word": "roten"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "rote",
"3": "-en",
"id1": "root",
"id2": "noun plural",
"pos2": "plural ending",
"t1": "root"
},
"expansion": "rote (“root”) + -en (plural ending)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From rote (“root”) + -en (plural ending).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun plural form"
},
"expansion": "roten",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "root",
"word": "rote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plural of rote (“root”)"
],
"id": "en-roten-enm-noun--VXjph3b",
"links": [
[
"rote",
"rote#Middle_English:_root"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "roten"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English class 4 strong verbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English non-lemma forms",
"Middle English noun plural forms",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms suffixed with -en (noun plural)",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Middle English verbs",
"Middle English weak verbs",
"enm:Age",
"enm:Bodily fluids",
"enm:Death",
"enm:Disease",
"enm:Ethics",
"enm:Liquids",
"enm:Nature"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rot"
},
"expansion": "English: rot",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: rot"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "rot"
},
"expansion": "Scots: rot",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: rot"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "rothed",
"alts": "1",
"qq": "adj"
},
"expansion": "Yola: rothed, rothyed; rotheda (adj)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yola: rothed, rothyed; rotheda (adj)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "to rot"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "rotian",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English rotian",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "rotian"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English rotian",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*rotēn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *rotēn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*rutāną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rutāną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nInherited from Old English rotian, from Proto-West Germanic *rotēn, from Proto-Germanic *rutāną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "roteth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rotynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "roted",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "strong weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "roten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to roten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "rote",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "rote",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "roted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rotest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rotedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "roteth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "roted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rote",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "roted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "rote",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "roten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rote",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "roteden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rotede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "roteth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rote",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rotynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rotende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "roted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "roten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "roten",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "roteth",
"2": "rotynge",
"3": "roted"
},
"expansion": "roten (third-person singular simple present roteth, present participle rotynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle roted)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rot",
"p_part3": "0",
"s4": "rot",
"sc": "4",
"y": "0"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "rot"
},
{
"word": "rotennesse"
},
{
"word": "rotidnes"
},
{
"word": "rotnesse"
},
{
"word": "rotynge"
},
{
"word": "rotyngnesse"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To decompose; to make or become rotten or spoiled:",
"To become toxic or noxious (of gas or liquid)"
],
"links": [
[
"decompose",
"decompose"
],
[
"rotten",
"rotten"
],
[
"spoiled",
"spoiled"
],
[
"toxic",
"toxic"
],
[
"noxious",
"noxious"
],
[
"gas",
"gas#English"
],
[
"liquid",
"liquid#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To decompose; to make or become rotten or spoiled:",
"To putrefy; to become or make infected or gangrenous (in the body)."
],
"links": [
[
"decompose",
"decompose"
],
[
"rotten",
"rotten"
],
[
"spoiled",
"spoiled"
],
[
"putrefy",
"putrefy"
],
[
"infected",
"infected"
],
[
"gangrenous",
"gangrenous"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To decompose; to make or become rotten or spoiled:",
"To become rusty; to develop a layer of rust."
],
"links": [
[
"decompose",
"decompose"
],
[
"rotten",
"rotten"
],
[
"spoiled",
"spoiled"
],
[
"rusty",
"rusty"
],
[
"rust",
"rust"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"To decompose; to make or become rotten or spoiled:",
"(rare) To become rusty; to develop a layer of rust."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To morally degenerate or decay; to become sinful."
],
"links": [
[
"morally",
"morally"
],
[
"degenerate",
"degenerate"
],
[
"decay",
"decay"
],
[
"sinful",
"sinful"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To languish; to become weak or feeble due to imprisonment."
],
"links": [
[
"languish",
"languish"
],
[
"weak",
"weak"
],
[
"feeble",
"feeble"
],
[
"imprisonment",
"imprisonment"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To disappear; to lose presence, existence, or vitality."
],
"links": [
[
"disappear",
"disappear"
],
[
"presence",
"presence"
],
[
"existence",
"existence"
],
[
"vitality",
"vitality"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"enm:Clothing"
],
"glosses": [
"To become tattered, ragged, or old."
],
"links": [
[
"clothing",
"clothing#Noun"
],
[
"tattered",
"tattered"
],
[
"ragged",
"ragged"
],
[
"old",
"old"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of clothing) To become tattered, ragged, or old."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of clothing"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To steep; to immerse in fluid."
],
"links": [
[
"steep",
"steep"
],
[
"immerse",
"immerse"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) To steep; to immerse in fluid."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈrɔtən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈrɔːtən/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "roote"
},
{
"word": "rooton"
},
{
"word": "rootye"
},
{
"word": "rot"
},
{
"word": "rote"
},
{
"word": "roti"
},
{
"word": "rotie"
},
{
"word": "rotte"
},
{
"word": "rotten"
},
{
"word": "roty"
},
{
"word": "rotye"
},
{
"word": "rotyn"
},
{
"word": "rotenn"
},
{
"word": "rotien"
},
{
"tags": [
"Early-Middle-English"
],
"word": "rotiȝen"
}
],
"word": "roten"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English non-lemma forms",
"Middle English noun plural forms",
"Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
"Middle English terms suffixed with -en (noun plural)",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Middle English verbs",
"Middle English weak verbs",
"enm:Age",
"enm:Bodily fluids",
"enm:Death",
"enm:Disease",
"enm:Ethics",
"enm:Liquids",
"enm:Nature"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "root"
},
"expansion": "English: root",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: root"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "ruit"
},
"expansion": "Scots: ruit",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: ruit"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "to root"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "rote",
"3": "-en",
"id1": "root",
"id2": "infinitival",
"pos2": "infinitival suffix",
"t1": "root"
},
"expansion": "rote (“root”) + -en (infinitival suffix)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nFrom rote (“root”) + -en (infinitival suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "roteth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rotynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "roted",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "roten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to roten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "rote",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "rote",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "roted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rotest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rotedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "roteth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "roted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rote",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "roted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "rote",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "roten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rote",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "roteden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rotede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "roteth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rote",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rotynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rotende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "roted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "yroted",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "roten",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "roteth",
"2": "rotynge",
"3": "roted"
},
"expansion": "roten (third-person singular simple present roteth, present participle rotynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle roted)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rot"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To put out roots; to start growing.."
],
"links": [
[
"root",
"root"
],
[
"growing",
"growing"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To settle or fix; to put in a permanent state."
],
"links": [
[
"settle",
"settle"
],
[
"fix",
"fix"
],
[
"permanent",
"permanent"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To begin or institute; to cause to settle or fix."
],
"links": [
[
"begin",
"begin"
],
[
"institute",
"institute"
],
[
"settle",
"settle"
],
[
"fix",
"fix"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To place a value or belief into one's mind."
],
"links": [
[
"place",
"place"
],
[
"value",
"value"
],
[
"belief",
"belief"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To link or connect; to make an attachment."
],
"links": [
[
"link",
"link"
],
[
"connect",
"connect"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈroːtən/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rooten"
},
{
"word": "rote"
},
{
"word": "rotyn"
}
],
"word": "roten"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English non-lemma forms",
"Middle English noun plural forms",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old Norse",
"Middle English terms derived from Old Norse",
"Middle English terms suffixed with -en (noun plural)",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"enm:Age",
"enm:Bodily fluids",
"enm:Death",
"enm:Disease",
"enm:Ethics",
"enm:Liquids",
"enm:Nature"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rotten"
},
"expansion": "English: rotten",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: rotten"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "rotten"
},
"expansion": "Scots: rotten",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: rotten"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "rotten"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "non",
"3": "rotinn",
"4": "",
"5": "rotten",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Norse rotinn (“rotten”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "non",
"3": "rotinn",
"t": "rotten"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Old Norse rotinn (“rotten”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nBorrowed from Old Norse rotinn (“rotten”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "roten",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Rotten or spoiled (usually of animal or plant matter):",
"Toxic, noxious (of gas or liquid)"
],
"links": [
[
"Rotten",
"rotten"
],
[
"spoiled",
"spoiled"
],
[
"Toxic",
"toxic"
],
[
"noxious",
"noxious"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Rotten or spoiled (usually of animal or plant matter):",
"(rare) Toxic, noxious (of gas or liquid)"
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Rotten or spoiled (usually of animal or plant matter):",
"Collapsing or decomposing into pieces; falling apart."
],
"links": [
[
"Rotten",
"rotten"
],
[
"spoiled",
"spoiled"
],
[
"Collapsing",
"collapsing"
],
[
"decomposing",
"decomposing"
],
[
"falling",
"falling"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Rotten or spoiled (usually of animal or plant matter):",
"(rare) Collapsing or decomposing into pieces; falling apart."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "No health is in my body due to the nature of your anger; no rest is in my bones due to my sinful behaviour. / For my wickedness has utterly enveloped me, like a heavy load that has weighed on me. / My healed wounds were festering, and have burst from the nature of my mistakes.",
"ref": "a. 1382, John Wycliffe, “Psalms 37:4-6”, in Wycliffe's Bible",
"text": "Noon helthe is in my fleiſch fro the face of thin ire; no pees is to my boonys fro the face of my ſynnes. / For my wickidneſſis ben goon ouer myn heed; as an heuy birthun, tho ben maad heuy on me. / Myn heelid woundis weren rotun, and ben brokun; fro the face of myn vnwiſdom.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Gangrenous, infected (having necrosis or putrefaction)"
],
"links": [
[
"Gangrenous",
"gangrenous"
],
[
"infected",
"infected"
],
[
"necrosis",
"necrosis#English"
],
[
"putrefaction",
"putrefaction#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Evil, sinful; morally retrograde."
],
"links": [
[
"Evil",
"evil"
],
[
"sinful",
"sinful"
],
[
"morally",
"morally"
],
[
"retrograde",
"retrograde"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Elderly, aged (of people)"
],
"links": [
[
"Elderly",
"elderly"
],
[
"aged",
"aged"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Elderly, aged (of people)"
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Devastated; damaged beyond repair."
],
"links": [
[
"Devastated",
"devastated"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Devastated; damaged beyond repair."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈrɔtən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈrɔːtən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈrɔːt(ə)/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "roote"
},
{
"word": "rooten"
},
{
"word": "rote"
},
{
"word": "roton"
},
{
"word": "rottyn"
},
{
"word": "rotun"
},
{
"word": "rotyn"
}
],
"word": "roten"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English non-lemma forms",
"Middle English noun plural forms",
"Middle English terms suffixed with -en (noun plural)",
"enm:Age",
"enm:Bodily fluids",
"enm:Death",
"enm:Disease",
"enm:Ethics",
"enm:Liquids",
"enm:Nature"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "rote",
"3": "-en",
"id1": "root",
"id2": "noun plural",
"pos2": "plural ending",
"t1": "root"
},
"expansion": "rote (“root”) + -en (plural ending)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From rote (“root”) + -en (plural ending).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun plural form"
},
"expansion": "roten",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "root",
"word": "rote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plural of rote (“root”)"
],
"links": [
[
"rote",
"rote#Middle_English:_root"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "roten"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (4d5d0bb and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.