See rop in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rope"
},
"expansion": "English: rope, roap, roape (all obsolete)\n→ Irish: rópa\nTok Pisin: rop",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "English: rope, roap, roape (all obsolete)\n→ Irish: rópa\nTok Pisin: rop"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "raip"
},
"expansion": "Scots: raip",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: raip"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "rap",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old French: rap",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old French: rap"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "rope"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "rāp"
},
"expansion": "Old English rāp",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*raip"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *raip",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*raipaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *raipaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁reyp-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁reyp-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English rāp, from Proto-West Germanic *raip, from Proto-Germanic *raipaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁reyp-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ropes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rap",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "rope",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "roop",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "roope",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "rop",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ropes"
},
"expansion": "rop (plural ropes)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "to form ropes",
"word": "ropen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "roper"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "stirop"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A cord or string:",
"A rope; a strong intertwined cord."
],
"id": "en-rop-enm-noun-VNrMH22-",
"links": [
[
"cord",
"cord"
],
[
"string",
"string"
],
[
"rope",
"rope"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Nautical",
"orig": "enm:Nautical",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A cord or string:",
"A ship's line."
],
"id": "en-rop-enm-noun-8aX7AewV",
"links": [
[
"cord",
"cord"
],
[
"string",
"string"
],
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"line",
"line"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A cord or string:",
"(nautical) A ship's line."
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 10 49 9 9 12",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Christianity",
"orig": "enm:Christianity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 15 29 18 6 17",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Clothing",
"orig": "enm:Clothing",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 31 12 12 17",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Fibers",
"orig": "enm:Fibers",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A cord or string:",
"A Franciscan corded belt."
],
"id": "en-rop-enm-noun-SGI0gNze",
"links": [
[
"cord",
"cord"
],
[
"string",
"string"
],
[
"Franciscan",
"Franciscan"
],
[
"corded",
"corded"
],
[
"belt",
"belt"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A cord or string:",
"(rare) A Franciscan corded belt."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A noose; a loop of rope."
],
"id": "en-rop-enm-noun-WLMg0lFs",
"links": [
[
"noose",
"noose"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/rɔːp/"
}
],
"word": "rop"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rope",
"3": "rop"
},
"expansion": "English: rope, rop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: rope, rop"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gut"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "rop"
},
"expansion": "Old English rop",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "rop"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch rop",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English rop, ropp; compare Middle Dutch rop, roppe (“fish guts”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "roppes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "rop",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "roppes"
},
"expansion": "rop (plural roppes)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"An intestine; a gut."
],
"id": "en-rop-enm-noun-tZm1Y4o-",
"links": [
[
"intestine",
"intestine"
],
[
"gut",
"gut"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually in the plural) An intestine; a gut."
],
"tags": [
"plural-normally"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/rɔp/"
}
],
"word": "rop"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "call"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hrōp"
},
"expansion": "Old English hrōp",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hrōp"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hrōp",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hrōpaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hrōpaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ker-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ker-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "roep",
"3": "",
"4": "a call, cry, shout"
},
"expansion": "Dutch roep (“a call, cry, shout”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Ruf",
"3": "",
"4": "a call, cry, reputation"
},
"expansion": "German Ruf (“a call, cry, reputation”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "rop",
"3": "",
"4": "call, cry, shout"
},
"expansion": "Swedish rop (“call, cry, shout”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English hrōp, from Proto-West Germanic *hrōp, from Proto-Germanic *hrōpaz, *hrōpą (“shout, cry”), from Proto-Indo-European *ker-.\nCognate with Dutch roep (“a call, cry, shout”), German Ruf (“a call, cry, reputation”), Swedish rop (“call, cry, shout”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "rop",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Early Middle English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "17 20 16 14 8 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A call; a cry."
],
"id": "en-rop-enm-noun-5BF5Nmp9",
"links": [
[
"call",
"call"
],
[
"cry",
"cry"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Early Middle English, rare) A call; a cry."
],
"related": [
{
"english": "to cry out",
"word": "ropen"
}
],
"tags": [
"Early-Middle-English",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/roːp/"
}
],
"word": "rop"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Christianity",
"enm:Clothing",
"enm:Fibers"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rope"
},
"expansion": "English: rope, roap, roape (all obsolete)\n→ Irish: rópa\nTok Pisin: rop",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "English: rope, roap, roape (all obsolete)\n→ Irish: rópa\nTok Pisin: rop"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "raip"
},
"expansion": "Scots: raip",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: raip"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "rap",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old French: rap",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old French: rap"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "rope"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "rāp"
},
"expansion": "Old English rāp",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*raip"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *raip",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*raipaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *raipaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁reyp-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁reyp-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English rāp, from Proto-West Germanic *raip, from Proto-Germanic *raipaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁reyp-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ropes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rap",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "rope",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "roop",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "roope",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "rop",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ropes"
},
"expansion": "rop (plural ropes)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "to form ropes",
"word": "ropen"
},
{
"word": "roper"
},
{
"word": "stirop"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A cord or string:",
"A rope; a strong intertwined cord."
],
"links": [
[
"cord",
"cord"
],
[
"string",
"string"
],
[
"rope",
"rope"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"enm:Nautical"
],
"glosses": [
"A cord or string:",
"A ship's line."
],
"links": [
[
"cord",
"cord"
],
[
"string",
"string"
],
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"line",
"line"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A cord or string:",
"(nautical) A ship's line."
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A cord or string:",
"A Franciscan corded belt."
],
"links": [
[
"cord",
"cord"
],
[
"string",
"string"
],
[
"Franciscan",
"Franciscan"
],
[
"corded",
"corded"
],
[
"belt",
"belt"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A cord or string:",
"(rare) A Franciscan corded belt."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A noose; a loop of rope."
],
"links": [
[
"noose",
"noose"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/rɔːp/"
}
],
"word": "rop"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Christianity",
"enm:Clothing",
"enm:Fibers"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rope",
"3": "rop"
},
"expansion": "English: rope, rop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: rope, rop"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gut"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "rop"
},
"expansion": "Old English rop",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "rop"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch rop",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English rop, ropp; compare Middle Dutch rop, roppe (“fish guts”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "roppes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "rop",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "roppes"
},
"expansion": "rop (plural roppes)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"An intestine; a gut."
],
"links": [
[
"intestine",
"intestine"
],
[
"gut",
"gut"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually in the plural) An intestine; a gut."
],
"tags": [
"plural-normally"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/rɔp/"
}
],
"word": "rop"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Christianity",
"enm:Clothing",
"enm:Fibers"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "call"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hrōp"
},
"expansion": "Old English hrōp",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hrōp"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hrōp",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hrōpaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hrōpaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ker-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ker-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "roep",
"3": "",
"4": "a call, cry, shout"
},
"expansion": "Dutch roep (“a call, cry, shout”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Ruf",
"3": "",
"4": "a call, cry, reputation"
},
"expansion": "German Ruf (“a call, cry, reputation”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "rop",
"3": "",
"4": "call, cry, shout"
},
"expansion": "Swedish rop (“call, cry, shout”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English hrōp, from Proto-West Germanic *hrōp, from Proto-Germanic *hrōpaz, *hrōpą (“shout, cry”), from Proto-Indo-European *ker-.\nCognate with Dutch roep (“a call, cry, shout”), German Ruf (“a call, cry, reputation”), Swedish rop (“call, cry, shout”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "rop",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "to cry out",
"word": "ropen"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Early Middle English",
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A call; a cry."
],
"links": [
[
"call",
"call"
],
[
"cry",
"cry"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Early Middle English, rare) A call; a cry."
],
"tags": [
"Early-Middle-English",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/roːp/"
}
],
"word": "rop"
}
Download raw JSONL data for rop meaning in Middle English (7.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.