"pere" meaning in Middle English

See pere in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /peːr/
Etymology: From Old French per and Anglo-Norman peir, from Latin pār. Etymology templates: {{bor|enm|fro|per}} Old French per, {{bor|enm|xno|peir}} Anglo-Norman peir, {{der|enm|la|pār}} Latin pār Head templates: {{head|enm|adjective||{{{1}}}||{{{2}}}||{{{3}}}|head=}} pere, {{enm-adj}} pere
  1. The same; having no differences from something else. Categories (topical): Bridges Categories (lifeform): Fruits
    Sense id: en-pere-enm-adj-ruWZNOho Disambiguation of Bridges: 24 8 3 10 4 4 15 4 16 11 Disambiguation of Fruits: 22 16 4 3 6 6 14 5 14 11 Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 26 10 1 1 2 2 28 2 24 4 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup: 23 9 2 1 2 2 29 2 26 5
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: peere, per, peer, pier, pyer, piere, pyere, pir
Etymology number: 3

Noun

IPA: /ˈpɛːr(ə)/, /ˈpɛr(ə)/ [Early-Middle-English, mainly] Forms: peres [plural], peren [plural]
Etymology: From Old English pere, peru, from Vulgar Latin *pira, from Latin pirum. Etymology templates: {{inh|enm|ang|pere}} Old English pere, {{m|ang|peru}} peru, {{der|enm|VL.|*pira}} Vulgar Latin *pira, {{der|enm|la|pirum}} Latin pirum Head templates: {{head|enm|nouns|g=|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=}} pere, {{enm-noun|pl=peres|pl2=peren}} pere (plural peres or peren)
  1. A pear (fruit of Pyrus communis)
    Sense id: en-pere-enm-noun-enm:pear
  2. A thing of little import or worth.
    Sense id: en-pere-enm-noun-rxF-g0Yq
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: peere, per, peire, peore, peare Related terms: perer, peretre, perre, pirie
Etymology number: 1

Noun

IPA: /ˈpɛːr(ə)/
Etymology: From Medieval Latin pera, from Old Northern French pira, from Vulgar Latin *petricus. Etymology templates: {{bor|enm|ML.|pera}} Medieval Latin pera, {{der|enm|fro-nor|pira}} Old Northern French pira, {{der|enm|VL.|*petricus}} Vulgar Latin *petricus Head templates: {{head|enm|noun}} pere
  1. (rare) A pillar or stand of a bridge. Tags: rare
    Sense id: en-pere-enm-noun-enm:bridge_pillar
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: peere, per
Etymology number: 2

Noun

IPA: /peːr/ Forms: peres [plural]
Etymology: From Old French per and Anglo-Norman peir, from Latin pār. Etymology templates: {{bor|enm|fro|per}} Old French per, {{bor|enm|xno|peir}} Anglo-Norman peir, {{der|enm|la|pār}} Latin pār Head templates: {{head|enm|nouns|g=|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=}} pere, {{enm-noun|peres}} pere (plural peres)
  1. A peer; one who is equal to or like another.
    Sense id: en-pere-enm-noun-enm:peer
  2. A rival, enemy, or competitor; one who is in opposition.
    Sense id: en-pere-enm-noun-NN3lfQTy
  3. An individual who is of the same social class or standing as another.
    Sense id: en-pere-enm-noun-CrE1f4fc Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 26 10 1 1 2 2 28 2 24 4 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup: 23 9 2 1 2 2 29 2 26 5
  4. An associate or collaborator; one who works or associates with another.
    Sense id: en-pere-enm-noun-wotZ4sLs
  5. A member of the nobility or ruling class of a country or settlement. Categories (topical): Nobility, Society
    Sense id: en-pere-enm-noun-HsbkrskR Disambiguation of Nobility: 17 6 1 1 6 6 20 6 31 6 Disambiguation of Society: 6 3 3 4 6 12 12 9 28 17 Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 26 10 1 1 2 2 28 2 24 4 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup: 23 9 2 1 2 2 29 2 26 5
  6. (anatomy, rare) A body part connected or concomitant with another. Tags: rare Categories (topical): Anatomy, People
    Sense id: en-pere-enm-noun-Fe2wL2DT Disambiguation of People: 0 2 0 0 17 15 18 16 10 23 Topics: anatomy, medicine, sciences
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: peere, per, peer, pier, pyer, piere, pyere, pir Related terms: dosse per, noumpere, parage, pereles
Etymology number: 3

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for pere meaning in Middle English (10.2kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "pear"
          },
          "expansion": "English: pear",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: pear"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "peer",
            "3": "peir"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: peer, peir",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: peer, peir"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "pere"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English pere",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "peru"
      },
      "expansion": "peru",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "*pira"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *pira",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "pirum"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin pirum",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English pere, peru, from Vulgar Latin *pira, from Latin pirum.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "peres",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "peren",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "nouns",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "pere",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "pl": "peres",
        "pl2": "peren"
      },
      "expansion": "pere (plural peres or peren)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "perer"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "peretre"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "perre"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "pirie"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A pear (fruit of Pyrus communis)"
      ],
      "id": "en-pere-enm-noun-enm:pear",
      "links": [
        [
          "pear",
          "pear"
        ],
        [
          "Pyrus communis",
          "Pyrus communis#Translingual"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "enm:pear"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A thing of little import or worth."
      ],
      "id": "en-pere-enm-noun-rxF-g0Yq",
      "links": [
        [
          "import",
          "import"
        ],
        [
          "worth",
          "worth"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpɛːr(ə)/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpɛr(ə)/",
      "tags": [
        "Early-Middle-English",
        "mainly"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "peere"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "per"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "peire"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "peore"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "peare"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pere"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "pier"
          },
          "expansion": "English: pier",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: pier"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ML.",
        "3": "pera"
      },
      "expansion": "Medieval Latin pera",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "fro-nor",
        "3": "pira"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Northern French pira",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "*petricus"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *petricus",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Medieval Latin pera, from Old Northern French pira, from Vulgar Latin *petricus.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "pere",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "A pillar or stand of a bridge."
      ],
      "id": "en-pere-enm-noun-enm:bridge_pillar",
      "links": [
        [
          "pillar",
          "pillar"
        ],
        [
          "stand",
          "stand"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) A pillar or stand of a bridge."
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "enm:bridge pillar"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpɛːr(ə)/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "peere"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "per"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pere"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "peer"
          },
          "expansion": "English: peer",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: peer"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "peer"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: peer",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: peer"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "per"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French per",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "xno",
        "3": "peir"
      },
      "expansion": "Anglo-Norman peir",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "pār"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin pār",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old French per and Anglo-Norman peir, from Latin pār.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "peres",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "nouns",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "pere",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "peres"
      },
      "expansion": "pere (plural peres)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "dosse per"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "noumpere"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "parage"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "pereles"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A peer; one who is equal to or like another."
      ],
      "id": "en-pere-enm-noun-enm:peer",
      "links": [
        [
          "peer",
          "peer"
        ],
        [
          "equal",
          "equal"
        ],
        [
          "another",
          "another"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "enm:peer"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A rival, enemy, or competitor; one who is in opposition."
      ],
      "id": "en-pere-enm-noun-NN3lfQTy",
      "links": [
        [
          "rival",
          "rival"
        ],
        [
          "enemy",
          "enemy"
        ],
        [
          "competitor",
          "competitor"
        ],
        [
          "opposition",
          "opposition"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "26 10 1 1 2 2 28 2 24 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 9 2 1 2 2 29 2 26 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An individual who is of the same social class or standing as another."
      ],
      "id": "en-pere-enm-noun-CrE1f4fc",
      "links": [
        [
          "individual",
          "individual"
        ],
        [
          "another",
          "another"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "An associate or collaborator; one who works or associates with another."
      ],
      "id": "en-pere-enm-noun-wotZ4sLs",
      "links": [
        [
          "associate",
          "associate"
        ],
        [
          "collaborator",
          "collaborator"
        ],
        [
          "associates",
          "associates"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "26 10 1 1 2 2 28 2 24 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 9 2 1 2 2 29 2 26 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 6 1 1 6 6 20 6 31 6",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Nobility",
          "orig": "enm:Nobility",
          "parents": [
            "High society",
            "People",
            "Society",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 3 3 4 6 12 12 9 28 17",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Society",
          "orig": "enm:Society",
          "parents": [
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A member of the nobility or ruling class of a country or settlement."
      ],
      "id": "en-pere-enm-noun-HsbkrskR",
      "links": [
        [
          "nobility",
          "nobility"
        ],
        [
          "ruling class",
          "ruling class"
        ],
        [
          "country",
          "country"
        ],
        [
          "settlement",
          "settlement"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Anatomy",
          "orig": "enm:Anatomy",
          "parents": [
            "Biology",
            "Medicine",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 2 0 0 17 15 18 16 10 23",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "People",
          "orig": "enm:People",
          "parents": [
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A body part connected or concomitant with another."
      ],
      "id": "en-pere-enm-noun-Fe2wL2DT",
      "links": [
        [
          "anatomy",
          "anatomy"
        ],
        [
          "concomitant",
          "concomitant"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(anatomy, rare) A body part connected or concomitant with another."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "anatomy",
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/peːr/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "peere"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "per"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "peer"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "pier"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "pyer"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "piere"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "pyere"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "pir"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pere"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 3,
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        "2": "fro",
        "3": "per"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French per",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "xno",
        "3": "peir"
      },
      "expansion": "Anglo-Norman peir",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "pār"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin pār",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old French per and Anglo-Norman peir, from Latin pār.",
  "head_templates": [
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        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "{{{1}}}",
        "5": "",
        "6": "{{{2}}}",
        "7": "",
        "8": "{{{3}}}",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "pere",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "pere",
      "name": "enm-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "26 10 1 1 2 2 28 2 24 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 9 2 1 2 2 29 2 26 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 8 3 10 4 4 15 4 16 11",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Bridges",
          "orig": "enm:Bridges",
          "parents": [
            "Buildings and structures",
            "Architecture",
            "Applied sciences",
            "Art",
            "Sciences",
            "Culture",
            "All topics",
            "Society",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 16 4 3 6 6 14 5 14 11",
          "kind": "lifeform",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Fruits",
          "orig": "enm:Fruits",
          "parents": [
            "Foods",
            "Plants",
            "Eating",
            "Food and drink",
            "Lifeforms",
            "Human behaviour",
            "All topics",
            "Life",
            "Human",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nature"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The same; having no differences from something else."
      ],
      "id": "en-pere-enm-adj-ruWZNOho",
      "links": [
        [
          "same",
          "same"
        ],
        [
          "differences",
          "differences"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/peːr/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "peere"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "per"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "peer"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "pier"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "pyer"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "piere"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "pyere"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "pir"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pere"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English adjectives",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms borrowed from Anglo-Norman",
    "Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
    "Middle English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
    "Middle English terms derived from Latin",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old French",
    "Middle English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "enm:Bridges",
    "enm:Fruits",
    "enm:Nobility",
    "enm:People",
    "enm:Society"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "pear"
          },
          "expansion": "English: pear",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: pear"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "peer",
            "3": "peir"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: peer, peir",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: peer, peir"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "pere"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English pere",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "peru"
      },
      "expansion": "peru",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "*pira"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *pira",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "pirum"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin pirum",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English pere, peru, from Vulgar Latin *pira, from Latin pirum.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "peres",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "peren",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "nouns",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "pere",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "pl": "peres",
        "pl2": "peren"
      },
      "expansion": "pere (plural peres or peren)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "perer"
    },
    {
      "word": "peretre"
    },
    {
      "word": "perre"
    },
    {
      "word": "pirie"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A pear (fruit of Pyrus communis)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pear",
          "pear"
        ],
        [
          "Pyrus communis",
          "Pyrus communis#Translingual"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "enm:pear"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A thing of little import or worth."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "import",
          "import"
        ],
        [
          "worth",
          "worth"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpɛːr(ə)/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpɛr(ə)/",
      "tags": [
        "Early-Middle-English",
        "mainly"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "peere"
    },
    {
      "word": "per"
    },
    {
      "word": "peire"
    },
    {
      "word": "peore"
    },
    {
      "word": "peare"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pere"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English adjectives",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms borrowed from Anglo-Norman",
    "Middle English terms borrowed from Medieval Latin",
    "Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
    "Middle English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
    "Middle English terms derived from Latin",
    "Middle English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old French",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old Northern French",
    "Middle English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
    "Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "enm:Bridges",
    "enm:Fruits",
    "enm:Nobility",
    "enm:People",
    "enm:Society"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "pier"
          },
          "expansion": "English: pier",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: pier"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ML.",
        "3": "pera"
      },
      "expansion": "Medieval Latin pera",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "fro-nor",
        "3": "pira"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Northern French pira",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "*petricus"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *petricus",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Medieval Latin pera, from Old Northern French pira, from Vulgar Latin *petricus.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "pere",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A pillar or stand of a bridge."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pillar",
          "pillar"
        ],
        [
          "stand",
          "stand"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) A pillar or stand of a bridge."
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "enm:bridge pillar"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpɛːr(ə)/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "per"
    },
    {
      "word": "peere"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pere"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English adjectives",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms borrowed from Anglo-Norman",
    "Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
    "Middle English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
    "Middle English terms derived from Latin",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old French",
    "Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "enm:Bridges",
    "enm:Fruits",
    "enm:Nobility",
    "enm:People",
    "enm:Society"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "peer"
          },
          "expansion": "English: peer",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: peer"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "peer"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: peer",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: peer"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "per"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French per",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "xno",
        "3": "peir"
      },
      "expansion": "Anglo-Norman peir",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "pār"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin pār",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old French per and Anglo-Norman peir, from Latin pār.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "peres",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "nouns",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "pere",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "peres"
      },
      "expansion": "pere (plural peres)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "dosse per"
    },
    {
      "word": "noumpere"
    },
    {
      "word": "parage"
    },
    {
      "word": "pereles"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A peer; one who is equal to or like another."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "peer",
          "peer"
        ],
        [
          "equal",
          "equal"
        ],
        [
          "another",
          "another"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "enm:peer"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A rival, enemy, or competitor; one who is in opposition."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "rival",
          "rival"
        ],
        [
          "enemy",
          "enemy"
        ],
        [
          "competitor",
          "competitor"
        ],
        [
          "opposition",
          "opposition"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "An individual who is of the same social class or standing as another."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "individual",
          "individual"
        ],
        [
          "another",
          "another"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "An associate or collaborator; one who works or associates with another."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "associate",
          "associate"
        ],
        [
          "collaborator",
          "collaborator"
        ],
        [
          "associates",
          "associates"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A member of the nobility or ruling class of a country or settlement."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "nobility",
          "nobility"
        ],
        [
          "ruling class",
          "ruling class"
        ],
        [
          "country",
          "country"
        ],
        [
          "settlement",
          "settlement"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with rare senses",
        "enm:Anatomy"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A body part connected or concomitant with another."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "anatomy",
          "anatomy"
        ],
        [
          "concomitant",
          "concomitant"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(anatomy, rare) A body part connected or concomitant with another."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "anatomy",
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/peːr/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "per"
    },
    {
      "word": "peer"
    },
    {
      "word": "peere"
    },
    {
      "word": "pier"
    },
    {
      "word": "pyer"
    },
    {
      "word": "piere"
    },
    {
      "word": "pyere"
    },
    {
      "word": "pir"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pere"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English adjectives",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms borrowed from Anglo-Norman",
    "Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
    "Middle English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
    "Middle English terms derived from Latin",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old French",
    "Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "enm:Bridges",
    "enm:Fruits",
    "enm:Nobility",
    "enm:People",
    "enm:Society"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "per"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French per",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "xno",
        "3": "peir"
      },
      "expansion": "Anglo-Norman peir",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "pār"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin pār",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old French per and Anglo-Norman peir, from Latin pār.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "{{{1}}}",
        "5": "",
        "6": "{{{2}}}",
        "7": "",
        "8": "{{{3}}}",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "pere",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "pere",
      "name": "enm-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The same; having no differences from something else."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "same",
          "same"
        ],
        [
          "differences",
          "differences"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/peːr/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "per"
    },
    {
      "word": "peer"
    },
    {
      "word": "peere"
    },
    {
      "word": "pier"
    },
    {
      "word": "pyer"
    },
    {
      "word": "piere"
    },
    {
      "word": "pyere"
    },
    {
      "word": "pir"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pere"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.