See gayn in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gain"
},
"expansion": "English: gain",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete",
"2": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete, dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "English: gain (obsolete, dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "gain"
},
"expansion": "Scots: gain",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: gain"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "non",
"3": "gegn"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse gegn",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*gagin"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gagin",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gain"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of gain",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse gegn; derived from Proto-Germanic *gagin. Doublet of gain.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "geyner",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "gaynest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "geyn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "gein",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "gain",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "gayne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "gaine",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "comparative",
"6": "geyner",
"7": "superlative",
"8": "gaynest",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "gayn (comparative geyner, superlative gaynest)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "geyner",
"3": "gaynest"
},
"expansion": "gayn (comparative geyner, superlative gaynest)",
"name": "enm-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "gaynly"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"direct, straight, fast, expeditious"
],
"id": "en-gayn-enm-adj-enm:direct",
"links": [
[
"direct",
"direct"
],
[
"straight",
"straight"
],
[
"fast",
"fast"
],
[
"expeditious",
"expeditious"
]
],
"senseid": [
"enm:direct"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"gracious, helpful, unfailing, useful, good"
],
"id": "en-gayn-enm-adj-uvfrpsmG",
"links": [
[
"gracious",
"gracious"
],
[
"helpful",
"helpful"
],
[
"unfailing",
"unfailing"
],
[
"useful",
"useful"
],
[
"good",
"good"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 3 24 2 14 5 16 9 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"suiting the situation, apt, fit"
],
"id": "en-gayn-enm-adj-jEIpesOA",
"links": [
[
"suiting",
"suiting"
],
[
"situation",
"situation"
],
[
"apt",
"apt"
],
[
"fit",
"fit"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"short"
],
"id": "en-gayn-enm-adj--bAHi131",
"links": [
[
"short",
"short"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡæi̯n/"
}
],
"word": "gayn"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gain"
},
"expansion": "English: gain",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete",
"2": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete, dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "English: gain (obsolete, dialectal)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "non",
"3": "gegn"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse gegn",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*gagin"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gagin",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gain"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of gain",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse gegn; derived from Proto-Germanic *gagin. Doublet of gain.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "geyn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "gein",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "gain",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "gayne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "gaine",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adverb",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "gayn",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gayn",
"name": "enm-adv"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 1 17 1 34 2 18 11 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 3 24 2 14 5 16 9 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 0 9 0 44 2 12 7 4 8 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 0 7 0 57 2 9 5 3 6 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"expeditiously, fast, with haste"
],
"id": "en-gayn-enm-adv-BN6Fwee9",
"links": [
[
"expeditiously",
"expeditiously"
],
[
"fast",
"fast"
],
[
"with",
"with"
],
[
"haste",
"haste"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"nearby, in the area"
],
"id": "en-gayn-enm-adv-mw2oz0bW",
"links": [
[
"nearby",
"nearby"
],
[
"in",
"in"
],
[
"area",
"area"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡæi̯n/"
}
],
"word": "gayn"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gain"
},
"expansion": "English: gain",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: gain"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "gain"
},
"expansion": "Scots: gain",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: gain"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "non",
"3": "gagn"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse gagn",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*gaganą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gaganą",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "frm",
"3": "gain"
},
"expansion": "Middle French gain",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse gagn, from Proto-Germanic *gaganą, *gagną; reinforced by Middle French gain. Compare wayn.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gaines",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "geyn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "gein",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "gain",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "gayn",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl": "gaines"
},
"expansion": "gayn (plural gaines)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "gaynen"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 3 24 2 14 5 16 9 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"edge, advantage, a beneficial difference"
],
"id": "en-gayn-enm-noun-enm:gain",
"links": [
[
"edge",
"edge"
],
[
"advantage",
"advantage"
],
[
"beneficial",
"beneficial"
],
[
"difference",
"difference"
]
],
"senseid": [
"enm:gain"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"gain, spoil, payment, compensation"
],
"id": "en-gayn-enm-noun-rBhRi6uP",
"links": [
[
"gain",
"gain"
],
[
"spoil",
"spoil"
],
[
"payment",
"payment"
],
[
"compensation",
"compensation"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡæi̯n/"
}
],
"word": "gayn"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "gayn",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "against",
"word": "gain"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 3 24 2 14 5 16 9 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of gain (“against”)"
],
"id": "en-gayn-enm-prep-vwW0ETxq",
"links": [
[
"gain",
"gain#Middle_English:_against"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "gayn"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English adverbs",
"Middle English doublets",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English prepositions",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old Norse",
"Middle English terms derived from Old Norse",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gain"
},
"expansion": "English: gain",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete",
"2": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete, dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "English: gain (obsolete, dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "gain"
},
"expansion": "Scots: gain",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: gain"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "non",
"3": "gegn"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse gegn",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*gagin"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gagin",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gain"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of gain",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse gegn; derived from Proto-Germanic *gagin. Doublet of gain.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "geyner",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "gaynest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "geyn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "gein",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "gain",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "gayne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "gaine",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "comparative",
"6": "geyner",
"7": "superlative",
"8": "gaynest",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "gayn (comparative geyner, superlative gaynest)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "geyner",
"3": "gaynest"
},
"expansion": "gayn (comparative geyner, superlative gaynest)",
"name": "enm-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "gaynly"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"direct, straight, fast, expeditious"
],
"links": [
[
"direct",
"direct"
],
[
"straight",
"straight"
],
[
"fast",
"fast"
],
[
"expeditious",
"expeditious"
]
],
"senseid": [
"enm:direct"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"gracious, helpful, unfailing, useful, good"
],
"links": [
[
"gracious",
"gracious"
],
[
"helpful",
"helpful"
],
[
"unfailing",
"unfailing"
],
[
"useful",
"useful"
],
[
"good",
"good"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"suiting the situation, apt, fit"
],
"links": [
[
"suiting",
"suiting"
],
[
"situation",
"situation"
],
[
"apt",
"apt"
],
[
"fit",
"fit"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"short"
],
"links": [
[
"short",
"short"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡæi̯n/"
}
],
"word": "gayn"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English adverbs",
"Middle English doublets",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English prepositions",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old Norse",
"Middle English terms derived from Old Norse",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gain"
},
"expansion": "English: gain",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete",
"2": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete, dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "English: gain (obsolete, dialectal)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "non",
"3": "gegn"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse gegn",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*gagin"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gagin",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gain"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of gain",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse gegn; derived from Proto-Germanic *gagin. Doublet of gain.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "geyn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "gein",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "gain",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "gayne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "gaine",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adverb",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "gayn",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gayn",
"name": "enm-adv"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"expeditiously, fast, with haste"
],
"links": [
[
"expeditiously",
"expeditiously"
],
[
"fast",
"fast"
],
[
"with",
"with"
],
[
"haste",
"haste"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"nearby, in the area"
],
"links": [
[
"nearby",
"nearby"
],
[
"in",
"in"
],
[
"area",
"area"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡæi̯n/"
}
],
"word": "gayn"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English prepositions",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old Norse",
"Middle English terms derived from Middle French",
"Middle English terms derived from Old Norse",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gain"
},
"expansion": "English: gain",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: gain"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "gain"
},
"expansion": "Scots: gain",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: gain"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "non",
"3": "gagn"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse gagn",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*gaganą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gaganą",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "frm",
"3": "gain"
},
"expansion": "Middle French gain",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse gagn, from Proto-Germanic *gaganą, *gagną; reinforced by Middle French gain. Compare wayn.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gaines",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "geyn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "gein",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "gain",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "gayn",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl": "gaines"
},
"expansion": "gayn (plural gaines)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "gaynen"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"edge, advantage, a beneficial difference"
],
"links": [
[
"edge",
"edge"
],
[
"advantage",
"advantage"
],
[
"beneficial",
"beneficial"
],
[
"difference",
"difference"
]
],
"senseid": [
"enm:gain"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"gain, spoil, payment, compensation"
],
"links": [
[
"gain",
"gain"
],
[
"spoil",
"spoil"
],
[
"payment",
"payment"
],
[
"compensation",
"compensation"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡæi̯n/"
}
],
"word": "gayn"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English prepositions",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "gayn",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "against",
"word": "gain"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of gain (“against”)"
],
"links": [
[
"gain",
"gain#Middle_English:_against"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "gayn"
}
Download raw JSONL data for gayn meaning in Middle English (7.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-21 using wiktextract (ce0be54 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.