See frounce in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for frounce meaning in Middle English (5.7kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "frounceles"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frounce"
},
"expansion": "English: frounce",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: frounce"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "frm",
"3": "fronce",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle French fronce",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "frm",
"3": "fronce"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Middle French fronce",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "fronce"
},
"expansion": "Old French fronce",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*hrunkiju",
"t": "a wrinkle"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *hrunkiju (“a wrinkle”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hrunkijō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hrunkijō",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Middle French fronce, from Old French fronce, from Frankish *hrunkiju (“a wrinkle”), from Proto-Germanic *hrunkijō.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "frounces",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "frounce",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "frounce (plural frounces)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "frouncen"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 41 38",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Veterinary medicine",
"orig": "enm:Veterinary medicine",
"parents": [
"Animals",
"Medicine",
"Lifeforms",
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 24 41",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Diseases",
"orig": "enm:Diseases",
"parents": [
"Disease",
"Health",
"Pathology",
"Body",
"Medicine",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 40 39",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "58 22 20",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Fabrics",
"orig": "enm:Fabrics",
"parents": [
"Materials",
"Manufacturing",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A wrinkle, fold, or pleat (in fabric, hair, or porcelain)."
],
"id": "en-frounce-enm-noun-vaLr8jJo",
"links": [
[
"wrinkle",
"wrinkle"
],
[
"fold",
"fold"
],
[
"pleat",
"pleat"
],
[
"fabric",
"fabric#English"
],
[
"hair",
"hair#English"
],
[
"porcelain",
"porcelain#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 2 2 30 4 7 35 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 2 27 3 7 31 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 41 38",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Veterinary medicine",
"orig": "enm:Veterinary medicine",
"parents": [
"Animals",
"Medicine",
"Lifeforms",
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 24 41",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Diseases",
"orig": "enm:Diseases",
"parents": [
"Disease",
"Health",
"Pathology",
"Body",
"Medicine",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 40 39",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A disease involving mouth sores in birds of prey."
],
"id": "en-frounce-enm-noun-kH4A-lsW",
"links": [
[
"disease",
"disease"
],
[
"mouth",
"mouth"
],
[
"sore",
"sore"
],
[
"birds of prey",
"birds of prey"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 2 2 30 4 7 35 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 2 27 3 7 31 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 41 38",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Veterinary medicine",
"orig": "enm:Veterinary medicine",
"parents": [
"Animals",
"Medicine",
"Lifeforms",
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 24 41",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Diseases",
"orig": "enm:Diseases",
"parents": [
"Disease",
"Health",
"Pathology",
"Body",
"Medicine",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 40 39",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A grimace; a scornful look."
],
"id": "en-frounce-enm-noun-XGavUMRy",
"links": [
[
"grimace",
"grimace"
],
[
"scornful",
"scornful"
],
[
"look",
"look"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) A grimace; a scornful look."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfruːns(ə)/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ffrownce"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "fronce"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "frownce"
}
],
"word": "frounce"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Middle French",
"Middle English terms derived from Frankish",
"Middle English terms derived from Middle French",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"enm:Diseases",
"enm:Emotions",
"enm:Fabrics",
"enm:Veterinary medicine"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "frounceles"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frounce"
},
"expansion": "English: frounce",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: frounce"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "frm",
"3": "fronce",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle French fronce",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "frm",
"3": "fronce"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Middle French fronce",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "fronce"
},
"expansion": "Old French fronce",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*hrunkiju",
"t": "a wrinkle"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *hrunkiju (“a wrinkle”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hrunkijō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hrunkijō",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Middle French fronce, from Old French fronce, from Frankish *hrunkiju (“a wrinkle”), from Proto-Germanic *hrunkijō.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "frounces",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "frounce",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "frounce (plural frounces)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "frouncen"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A wrinkle, fold, or pleat (in fabric, hair, or porcelain)."
],
"links": [
[
"wrinkle",
"wrinkle"
],
[
"fold",
"fold"
],
[
"pleat",
"pleat"
],
[
"fabric",
"fabric#English"
],
[
"hair",
"hair#English"
],
[
"porcelain",
"porcelain#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A disease involving mouth sores in birds of prey."
],
"links": [
[
"disease",
"disease"
],
[
"mouth",
"mouth"
],
[
"sore",
"sore"
],
[
"birds of prey",
"birds of prey"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A grimace; a scornful look."
],
"links": [
[
"grimace",
"grimace"
],
[
"scornful",
"scornful"
],
[
"look",
"look"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) A grimace; a scornful look."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfruːns(ə)/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ffrownce"
},
{
"word": "fronce"
},
{
"word": "frownce"
}
],
"word": "frounce"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (4d5d0bb and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.