See folk in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for folk meaning in Middle English (6.2kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "folk"
},
"expansion": "English: folk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: folk"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "fowk"
},
"expansion": "Scots: fowk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: fowk"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "folk"
},
"expansion": "Old English folk",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*folk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *folk",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fulką"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fulką",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English folk, from Proto-West Germanic *folk, from Proto-Germanic *fulką.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "folk",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "folkes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "folk",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl": "folk",
"pl2": "folkes"
},
"expansion": "folk (plural folk or folkes)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lond folk"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Northfolk"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Suffolk"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 0 14 14 14 20 18 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "People",
"orig": "enm:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"people, folk (multiple individuals)"
],
"id": "en-folk-enm-noun-6t0peTEC",
"links": [
[
"people",
"people"
],
[
"folk",
"folk#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"nation, race, stock"
],
"id": "en-folk-enm-noun-b1x22i8Q",
"links": [
[
"nation",
"nation"
],
[
"race",
"race"
],
[
"stock",
"stock"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 1 10 11 12 24 21 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Collectives",
"orig": "enm:Collectives",
"parents": [
"Miscellaneous",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 0 14 14 14 20 18 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "People",
"orig": "enm:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"group, band, troop (of people):",
"subjects, followers, comitatus"
],
"id": "en-folk-enm-noun-S-VkHZMR",
"links": [
[
"group",
"group"
],
[
"band",
"band"
],
[
"troop",
"troop"
],
[
"subjects",
"subjects"
],
[
"followers",
"followers"
],
[
"comitatus",
"comitatus"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 1 10 11 12 24 21 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Collectives",
"orig": "enm:Collectives",
"parents": [
"Miscellaneous",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 17 66 17 0 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Military",
"orig": "enm:Military",
"parents": [
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 0 14 14 14 20 18 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "People",
"orig": "enm:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"group, band, troop (of people):",
"army, retinue (group of armed people)"
],
"id": "en-folk-enm-noun-lvnaxRrC",
"links": [
[
"group",
"group"
],
[
"band",
"band"
],
[
"troop",
"troop"
],
[
"army",
"army"
],
[
"retinue",
"retinue"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 1 10 11 12 24 21 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Collectives",
"orig": "enm:Collectives",
"parents": [
"Miscellaneous",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 0 14 14 14 20 18 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "People",
"orig": "enm:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"group, band, troop (of people):",
"gathering, parliament"
],
"id": "en-folk-enm-noun-TX9Rdz1n",
"links": [
[
"group",
"group"
],
[
"band",
"band"
],
[
"troop",
"troop"
],
[
"gathering",
"gathering"
],
[
"parliament",
"parliament"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 1 10 11 12 24 21 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Collectives",
"orig": "enm:Collectives",
"parents": [
"Miscellaneous",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 0 14 14 14 20 18 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "People",
"orig": "enm:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"family, kin, relatives"
],
"id": "en-folk-enm-noun-N-J-khkc",
"links": [
[
"family",
"family"
],
[
"kin",
"kin"
],
[
"relatives",
"relatives"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 1 17 6 6 18 25 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 1 16 6 6 16 28 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 1 10 11 12 24 21 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Collectives",
"orig": "enm:Collectives",
"parents": [
"Miscellaneous",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 0 14 14 14 20 18 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "People",
"orig": "enm:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"humankind, humanity; all people"
],
"id": "en-folk-enm-noun-zV8kCqPY",
"links": [
[
"humankind",
"humankind"
],
[
"humanity",
"humanity"
],
[
"people",
"people"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 1 10 11 12 24 21 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Collectives",
"orig": "enm:Collectives",
"parents": [
"Miscellaneous",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"creatures, beings"
],
"id": "en-folk-enm-noun-ccDr1kOl",
"links": [
[
"creatures",
"creatures"
],
[
"beings",
"beings"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) creatures, beings"
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fɔlk/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "folke"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "foolk"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fok"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "folck"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "folc"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "follc"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "volk"
}
],
"word": "folk"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"West Frisian entries with incorrect language header",
"West Frisian interjections",
"West Frisian lemmas",
"West Frisian neuter nouns",
"West Frisian nouns",
"West Frisian terms derived from Old Frisian",
"West Frisian terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"West Frisian terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"West Frisian terms inherited from Old Frisian",
"West Frisian terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"West Frisian terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"West Frisian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"enm:Collectives",
"enm:Military",
"enm:People"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "folk"
},
"expansion": "English: folk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: folk"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "fowk"
},
"expansion": "Scots: fowk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: fowk"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "folk"
},
"expansion": "Old English folk",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*folk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *folk",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fulką"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fulką",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English folk, from Proto-West Germanic *folk, from Proto-Germanic *fulką.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "folk",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "folkes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "folk",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl": "folk",
"pl2": "folkes"
},
"expansion": "folk (plural folk or folkes)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "lond folk"
},
{
"word": "Northfolk"
},
{
"word": "Suffolk"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"people, folk (multiple individuals)"
],
"links": [
[
"people",
"people"
],
[
"folk",
"folk#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"nation, race, stock"
],
"links": [
[
"nation",
"nation"
],
[
"race",
"race"
],
[
"stock",
"stock"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"group, band, troop (of people):",
"subjects, followers, comitatus"
],
"links": [
[
"group",
"group"
],
[
"band",
"band"
],
[
"troop",
"troop"
],
[
"subjects",
"subjects"
],
[
"followers",
"followers"
],
[
"comitatus",
"comitatus"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"group, band, troop (of people):",
"army, retinue (group of armed people)"
],
"links": [
[
"group",
"group"
],
[
"band",
"band"
],
[
"troop",
"troop"
],
[
"army",
"army"
],
[
"retinue",
"retinue"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"group, band, troop (of people):",
"gathering, parliament"
],
"links": [
[
"group",
"group"
],
[
"band",
"band"
],
[
"troop",
"troop"
],
[
"gathering",
"gathering"
],
[
"parliament",
"parliament"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"family, kin, relatives"
],
"links": [
[
"family",
"family"
],
[
"kin",
"kin"
],
[
"relatives",
"relatives"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"humankind, humanity; all people"
],
"links": [
[
"humankind",
"humankind"
],
[
"humanity",
"humanity"
],
[
"people",
"people"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"creatures, beings"
],
"links": [
[
"creatures",
"creatures"
],
[
"beings",
"beings"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) creatures, beings"
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fɔlk/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "folke"
},
{
"word": "foolk"
},
{
"word": "fok"
},
{
"word": "folck"
},
{
"word": "folc"
},
{
"word": "follc"
},
{
"word": "volk"
}
],
"word": "folk"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.