"chaft" meaning in Middle English

See chaft in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /t͡ʃaft/ Forms: chaftes [plural], chafte [alternative], chaffte [alternative], schaft [alternative]
Etymology: Borrowed from Old Norse kjaptr (with a development of kj- /kj/ to /t͡ʃ/), from Proto-Germanic *kefutaz. Etymology templates: {{bor+|enm|non|kjaptr}} Borrowed from Old Norse kjaptr, {{der|enm|gem-pro|*kefutaz}} Proto-Germanic *kefutaz Head templates: {{head|enm|nouns|g=|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=}} chaft, {{enm-noun|chaftes}} chaft (plural chaftes)
  1. (Northern) jaw, jawbone Tags: Northern
    Sense id: en-chaft-enm-noun-dHPtKEnC Categories (other): Northern Middle English, Body parts Disambiguation of Body parts: 55 45
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Noun

IPA: /t͡ʃaft/
Head templates: {{head|enm|noun|altform=1}} chaft
  1. Alternative form of schaft (“creation”) Tags: alt-of, alternative Alternative form of: schaft (extra: creation)
    Sense id: en-chaft-enm-noun-CkfvFdeR Categories (other): Body parts Disambiguation of Body parts: 55 45
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "chaft",
            "qq": "dialectal"
          },
          "expansion": "English: chaft (dialectal)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: chaft (dialectal)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-msc",
            "2": "chaft",
            "3": "schaft"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Scots: chaft, schaft",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Scots: chaft, schaft"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "chaft",
            "3": "chaff",
            "4": "shaft"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: chaft, chaff, shaft",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: chaft, chaff, shaft"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "non",
        "3": "kjaptr"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Old Norse kjaptr",
      "name": "bor+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*kefutaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kefutaz",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old Norse kjaptr (with a development of kj- /kj/ to /t͡ʃ/), from Proto-Germanic *kefutaz.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "chaftes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chafte",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chaffte",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schaft",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "nouns",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "chaft",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "chaftes"
      },
      "expansion": "chaft (plural chaftes)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Northern Middle English",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "55 45",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Body parts",
          "orig": "enm:Body parts",
          "parents": [
            "Anatomy"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "jaw, jawbone"
      ],
      "id": "en-chaft-enm-noun-dHPtKEnC",
      "links": [
        [
          "jaw",
          "jaw"
        ],
        [
          "jawbone",
          "jawbone"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Northern) jaw, jawbone"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Northern"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃaft/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "chaft"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "altform": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "chaft",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "creation",
          "word": "schaft"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "55 45",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Body parts",
          "orig": "enm:Body parts",
          "parents": [
            "Anatomy"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of schaft (“creation”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-chaft-enm-noun-CkfvFdeR",
      "links": [
        [
          "schaft",
          "schaft#Middle_English:_creation"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃaft/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "chaft"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English alternative forms",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms borrowed from Old Norse",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old Norse",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Body parts"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "chaft",
            "qq": "dialectal"
          },
          "expansion": "English: chaft (dialectal)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: chaft (dialectal)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-msc",
            "2": "chaft",
            "3": "schaft"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Scots: chaft, schaft",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Scots: chaft, schaft"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "chaft",
            "3": "chaff",
            "4": "shaft"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: chaft, chaff, shaft",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: chaft, chaff, shaft"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "non",
        "3": "kjaptr"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Old Norse kjaptr",
      "name": "bor+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*kefutaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kefutaz",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old Norse kjaptr (with a development of kj- /kj/ to /t͡ʃ/), from Proto-Germanic *kefutaz.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "chaftes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chafte",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chaffte",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schaft",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "nouns",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "chaft",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "chaftes"
      },
      "expansion": "chaft (plural chaftes)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Northern Middle English"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "jaw, jawbone"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "jaw",
          "jaw"
        ],
        [
          "jawbone",
          "jawbone"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Northern) jaw, jawbone"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Northern"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃaft/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "chaft"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English alternative forms",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Body parts"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "altform": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "chaft",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "creation",
          "word": "schaft"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of schaft (“creation”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "schaft",
          "schaft#Middle_English:_creation"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃaft/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "chaft"
}

Download raw JSONL data for chaft meaning in Middle English (2.7kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-20 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.