See bresten in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for bresten meaning in Middle English (7.1kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "burst",
"3": "bust"
},
"expansion": "English: burst, bust",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: burst, bust"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "brist",
"3": "bryst"
},
"expansion": "Scots: brist, bryst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: brist, bryst"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "berstan"
},
"expansion": "Old English berstan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*brestan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *brestan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*brestaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *brestaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "bresta"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse bresta",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English berstan, from Proto-West Germanic *brestan, from Proto-Germanic *brestaną; many forms are influenced by Old Norse bresta.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-st",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "3",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "bresten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to bresten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "breste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "breste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brast",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brost",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brestest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "broste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "braste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brast",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brost",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bresteth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "brast",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "brost",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "breste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "broste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "braste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "breste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bresten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "breste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brosten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "broste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brasten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "braste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bresteth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "breste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brestynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brestende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brosten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "broste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "bresten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "breste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "bresten",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "brest",
"2": "brast",
"2a": "brost",
"3": "brost",
"3a": "brast",
"4": "brost",
"4a": "brest",
"c": "3",
"y": "0"
},
"name": "enm-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "atbresten"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "brest"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "burst"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To burst (break from internal pressure):",
"To issue, rush or flow out."
],
"id": "en-bresten-enm-verb-APSD7n0K",
"links": [
[
"burst",
"burst"
],
[
"issue",
"issue"
],
[
"rush",
"rush"
],
[
"flow",
"flow"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 41 12 24 3 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 48 10 19 4 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To burst (break from internal pressure):",
"To change state suddenly."
],
"id": "en-bresten-enm-verb-xKpLeUij",
"links": [
[
"burst",
"burst"
],
[
"change",
"change"
],
[
"state",
"state"
],
[
"suddenly",
"suddenly"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To break, shatter (become broken):",
"To break, smash (cause to break)"
],
"id": "en-bresten-enm-verb-Tykp04Nt",
"links": [
[
"break",
"break"
],
[
"shatter",
"shatter"
],
[
"smash",
"smash"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To break, shatter (become broken):",
"To defeat or vanquish; to shatter (an enemy)"
],
"id": "en-bresten-enm-verb-0uJyjIpA",
"links": [
[
"break",
"break"
],
[
"shatter",
"shatter"
],
[
"defeat",
"defeat"
],
[
"vanquish",
"vanquish"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 16 11 14 34 24",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To be intensely afflicted with a feeling."
],
"id": "en-bresten-enm-verb-3Gf7tXzX",
"links": [
[
"intensely",
"intensely"
],
[
"afflicted",
"afflicted"
],
[
"feeling",
"feeling"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 10 22 10 9 45",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Violence",
"orig": "enm:Violence",
"parents": [
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To hurt or attack; to beat up."
],
"id": "en-bresten-enm-verb-vX8JEtIv",
"links": [
[
"hurt",
"hurt"
],
[
"attack",
"attack"
],
[
"beat up",
"beat up"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɛrstən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbarstən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈburstən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbrɛstən/",
"note": "metathetic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbristən/",
"note": "metathetic"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bersten"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "birsten"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "braste"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "breste"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "brestyn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "brist"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "briste"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bruste"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bursten"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "buste"
}
],
"word": "bresten"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English class 3 strong verbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Middle English verbs",
"enm:Emotions",
"enm:Violence"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "burst",
"3": "bust"
},
"expansion": "English: burst, bust",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: burst, bust"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "brist",
"3": "bryst"
},
"expansion": "Scots: brist, bryst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: brist, bryst"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "berstan"
},
"expansion": "Old English berstan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*brestan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *brestan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*brestaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *brestaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "bresta"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse bresta",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English berstan, from Proto-West Germanic *brestan, from Proto-Germanic *brestaną; many forms are influenced by Old Norse bresta.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-st",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "3",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "bresten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to bresten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "breste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "breste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brast",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brost",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brestest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "broste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "braste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brast",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brost",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bresteth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "brast",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "brost",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "breste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "broste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "braste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "breste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bresten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "breste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brosten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "broste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brasten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "braste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bresteth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "breste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brestynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brestende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brosten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "broste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "bresten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "breste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "bresten",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "brest",
"2": "brast",
"2a": "brost",
"3": "brost",
"3a": "brast",
"4": "brost",
"4a": "brest",
"c": "3",
"y": "0"
},
"name": "enm-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "atbresten"
},
{
"word": "brest"
},
{
"word": "burst"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To burst (break from internal pressure):",
"To issue, rush or flow out."
],
"links": [
[
"burst",
"burst"
],
[
"issue",
"issue"
],
[
"rush",
"rush"
],
[
"flow",
"flow"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To burst (break from internal pressure):",
"To change state suddenly."
],
"links": [
[
"burst",
"burst"
],
[
"change",
"change"
],
[
"state",
"state"
],
[
"suddenly",
"suddenly"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To break, shatter (become broken):",
"To break, smash (cause to break)"
],
"links": [
[
"break",
"break"
],
[
"shatter",
"shatter"
],
[
"smash",
"smash"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To break, shatter (become broken):",
"To defeat or vanquish; to shatter (an enemy)"
],
"links": [
[
"break",
"break"
],
[
"shatter",
"shatter"
],
[
"defeat",
"defeat"
],
[
"vanquish",
"vanquish"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To be intensely afflicted with a feeling."
],
"links": [
[
"intensely",
"intensely"
],
[
"afflicted",
"afflicted"
],
[
"feeling",
"feeling"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To hurt or attack; to beat up."
],
"links": [
[
"hurt",
"hurt"
],
[
"attack",
"attack"
],
[
"beat up",
"beat up"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɛrstən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbarstən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈburstən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbrɛstən/",
"note": "metathetic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbristən/",
"note": "metathetic"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bersten"
},
{
"word": "birsten"
},
{
"word": "braste"
},
{
"word": "breste"
},
{
"word": "brestyn"
},
{
"word": "brist"
},
{
"word": "briste"
},
{
"word": "bruste"
},
{
"word": "bursten"
},
{
"word": "buste"
}
],
"word": "bresten"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.