See ax in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "axe",
"3": "ax"
},
"expansion": "English: axe, ax",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: axe, ax"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "aix"
},
"expansion": "Scots: aix",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: aix"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "æx"
},
"expansion": "Old English æx",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*akusi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *akusi",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English æx, æcs, from Proto-West Germanic *akusi.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "axes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "axe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ex",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "exe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "æxæ",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "æxe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "ax",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl": "axes"
},
"expansion": "ax (plural axes)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "71 15 15",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Tools",
"orig": "enm:Tools",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An axe (tool)"
],
"id": "en-ax-enm-noun-enm:axe",
"links": [
[
"axe",
"axe"
]
],
"senseid": [
"enm:axe"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 45 30",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Weapons",
"orig": "enm:Weapons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An axe (weapon)"
],
"id": "en-ax-enm-noun-~OqKidhP",
"links": [
[
"axe",
"axe"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/aks/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aks"
}
],
"word": "ax"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "ine-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "eax"
},
"expansion": "Old English eax",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*ahsu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ahsu",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English eax, from Proto-Germanic *ahsu.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "axes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ȝex",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "ax",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl": "axes"
},
"expansion": "ax (plural axes)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 84",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Vehicles",
"orig": "enm:Vehicles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "extre"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An axle, axletree, pole"
],
"id": "en-ax-enm-noun-enm:axle",
"links": [
[
"axle",
"axle"
],
[
"axletree",
"axletree"
],
[
"pole",
"pole"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) An axle, axletree, pole"
],
"senseid": [
"enm:axle"
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/aks/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aks"
}
],
"word": "ax"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Middle English/aks",
"Rhymes:Middle English/aks/1 syllable",
"enm:Tools",
"enm:Vehicles",
"enm:Weapons"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "axe",
"3": "ax"
},
"expansion": "English: axe, ax",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: axe, ax"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "aix"
},
"expansion": "Scots: aix",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: aix"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "æx"
},
"expansion": "Old English æx",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*akusi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *akusi",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English æx, æcs, from Proto-West Germanic *akusi.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "axes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "axe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ex",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "exe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "æxæ",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "æxe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "ax",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl": "axes"
},
"expansion": "ax (plural axes)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"An axe (tool)"
],
"links": [
[
"axe",
"axe"
]
],
"senseid": [
"enm:axe"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"An axe (weapon)"
],
"links": [
[
"axe",
"axe"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/aks/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aks"
}
],
"word": "ax"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Middle English/aks",
"Rhymes:Middle English/aks/1 syllable",
"enm:Tools",
"enm:Vehicles",
"enm:Weapons"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "extre"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "ine-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "eax"
},
"expansion": "Old English eax",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*ahsu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ahsu",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English eax, from Proto-Germanic *ahsu.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "axes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ȝex",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "ax",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl": "axes"
},
"expansion": "ax (plural axes)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"An axle, axletree, pole"
],
"links": [
[
"axle",
"axle"
],
[
"axletree",
"axletree"
],
[
"pole",
"pole"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) An axle, axletree, pole"
],
"senseid": [
"enm:axle"
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/aks/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aks"
}
],
"word": "ax"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ax meaning in Middle English (3.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (58c391d and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.