"abyen" meaning in Middle English

See abyen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /aˈbiːən/
Etymology: From Old English ābyċġan, from Proto-West Germanic *uʀbuggjan, from Proto-Germanic *uzbugjaną, equivalent to a- + bien. Etymology templates: {{inh|enm|ang|ābyċġan}} Old English ābyċġan, {{inh|enm|gmw-pro|*uʀbuggjan}} Proto-West Germanic *uʀbuggjan, {{inh|enm|gem-pro|*uzbugjaną}} Proto-Germanic *uzbugjaną, {{prefix|enm|a|bien}} a- + bien Head templates: {{head|enm|verb}} abyen Inflection templates: {{enm-conj-wk|aby|aboght|c=irr|y=0}} Forms: irregular weak [table-tags], abyen [infinitive], to abyen [infinitive], abye [infinitive], abye [first-person, present, singular], aboghte [first-person, past, singular], abyest [present, second-person, singular], aboghtest [past, second-person, singular], abyeth [present, singular, third-person], aboghte [past, singular, third-person], abye [present, singular, subjunctive], aboghte [past, singular, subjunctive], abye [imperative, present, singular], - [imperative, past, singular], abyen [plural, present], abye [plural, present], aboghten [past, plural], aboghte [past, plural], abyeth [imperative, plural, present], abye [imperative, plural, present], - [imperative, past, plural], abyynge [participle, present], abyende [participle, present], aboght [participle, past]
  1. To buy; to obtain in exchange (for something).
    Sense id: en-abyen-enm-verb-IG4w~A5O
  2. To pay a fine or penalty.
    Sense id: en-abyen-enm-verb-Gq8GguoJ
  3. To make amends for sin.
    Sense id: en-abyen-enm-verb-E6mw8u5v Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 1 entry Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 5 9 67 19 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 5 9 77 9
  4. To suffer (especially in place of another).
    Sense id: en-abyen-enm-verb-asJYwGoR Categories (other): Middle English terms prefixed with a- Disambiguation of Middle English terms prefixed with a-: 11 13 29 47
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: abuggen

Alternative forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "aby"
          },
          "expansion": "English: aby",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: aby"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "ābyċġan"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English ābyċġan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*uʀbuggjan"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *uʀbuggjan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*uzbugjaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *uzbugjaną",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "a",
        "3": "bien"
      },
      "expansion": "a- + bien",
      "name": "prefix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English ābyċġan, from Proto-West Germanic *uʀbuggjan, from Proto-Germanic *uzbugjaną, equivalent to a- + bien.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "irregular weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "enm-conj-wk",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "abyen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "to abyen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "abye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "abye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aboghte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "abyest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aboghtest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "abyeth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aboghte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "abye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aboghte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "abye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "abyen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "abye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aboghten",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aboghte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "abyeth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "abye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "abyynge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "abyende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aboght",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "abyen",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "aby",
        "2": "aboght",
        "c": "irr",
        "y": "0"
      },
      "name": "enm-conj-wk"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To buy; to obtain in exchange (for something)."
      ],
      "id": "en-abyen-enm-verb-IG4w~A5O",
      "links": [
        [
          "buy",
          "buy"
        ],
        [
          "exchange",
          "exchange"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To pay a fine or penalty."
      ],
      "id": "en-abyen-enm-verb-Gq8GguoJ",
      "links": [
        [
          "pay",
          "pay"
        ],
        [
          "fine",
          "fine"
        ],
        [
          "penalty",
          "penalty"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "5 9 67 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 9 77 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To make amends for sin."
      ],
      "id": "en-abyen-enm-verb-E6mw8u5v",
      "links": [
        [
          "make",
          "make"
        ],
        [
          "sin",
          "sin"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "11 13 29 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English terms prefixed with a-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To suffer (especially in place of another)."
      ],
      "id": "en-abyen-enm-verb-asJYwGoR",
      "links": [
        [
          "suffer",
          "suffer"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/aˈbiːən/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "abuggen"
    }
  ],
  "word": "abyen"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English irregular weak verbs",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms prefixed with a-",
    "Middle English verbs",
    "Middle English weak verbs",
    "Pages with 1 entry"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "aby"
          },
          "expansion": "English: aby",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: aby"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "ābyċġan"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English ābyċġan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*uʀbuggjan"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *uʀbuggjan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*uzbugjaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *uzbugjaną",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "a",
        "3": "bien"
      },
      "expansion": "a- + bien",
      "name": "prefix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English ābyċġan, from Proto-West Germanic *uʀbuggjan, from Proto-Germanic *uzbugjaną, equivalent to a- + bien.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "irregular weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "enm-conj-wk",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "abyen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "to abyen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "abye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "abye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aboghte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "abyest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aboghtest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "abyeth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aboghte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "abye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aboghte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "abye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "abyen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "abye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aboghten",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aboghte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "abyeth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "abye",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "abyynge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "abyende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aboght",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "abyen",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "aby",
        "2": "aboght",
        "c": "irr",
        "y": "0"
      },
      "name": "enm-conj-wk"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To buy; to obtain in exchange (for something)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "buy",
          "buy"
        ],
        [
          "exchange",
          "exchange"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To pay a fine or penalty."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pay",
          "pay"
        ],
        [
          "fine",
          "fine"
        ],
        [
          "penalty",
          "penalty"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To make amends for sin."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "make",
          "make"
        ],
        [
          "sin",
          "sin"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To suffer (especially in place of another)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "suffer",
          "suffer"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/aˈbiːən/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "abuggen"
    }
  ],
  "word": "abyen"
}

Download raw JSONL data for abyen meaning in Middle English (4.1kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-08-20 using wiktextract (8e41825 and f99c758). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.