See jahat in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "peN-",
"word": "penjahat [agentive"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "peN-",
"roman": "peN-",
"word": "qualitative"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "peN-",
"roman": "peN-",
"word": "instrumental"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "peN-",
"roman": "peN-",
"word": "abstract"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "peN-",
"roman": "peN-",
"word": "measure]"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "ke-an",
"word": "kejahatan [abstract"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "ke-an",
"roman": "ke-an",
"word": "locative]"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "se-",
"word": "sejahat [comparability]"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "meN- + -kan",
"word": "menjahatkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "meN- + -i",
"tags": [
"locative"
],
"word": "menjahati [agent focus + causative benefactive]"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "beR-",
"word": "berjahat [stative"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "beR-",
"roman": "beR-",
"word": "habitual]"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "redup + se-",
"word": "sejahat-jahat [reduplication + immediacy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "redup + se-",
"word": "habitual]"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "jahat"
},
"expansion": "Indonesian: jahat",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Indonesian: jahat"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "poz-mly-pro",
"3": "*jahat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayic *jahat",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*zaqat",
"4": "",
"5": "bad, evil"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zaqat (“bad, evil”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms-old",
"tr": "jāhat"
},
"expansion": "Old Malay [script needed] (jāhat)",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Malayic *jahat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zaqat (“bad, evil”).\nFirst attested in the Kota Kapur inscription, 686 CE, as Old Malay [script needed] (jāhat).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "جاهت",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"j": "جاهت"
},
"expansion": "jahat (Jawi spelling جاهت)",
"name": "ms-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bad, evil"
],
"id": "en-jahat-ms-adj-7cHqcESm",
"links": [
[
"bad",
"bad"
],
[
"evil",
"evil"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 10 2 16 33 8 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"naughty, undisciplined"
],
"id": "en-jahat-ms-adj-8utiVs-X",
"links": [
[
"naughty",
"naughty"
],
[
"undisciplined",
"undisciplined"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"malicious"
],
"id": "en-jahat-ms-adj-Ou03BD-s",
"links": [
[
"malicious",
"malicious"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dʒa.hat/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ahat"
},
{
"rhymes": "-hat"
},
{
"rhymes": "-at"
}
],
"word": "jahat"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "poz-mly-pro",
"3": "*jahat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayic *jahat",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*zaqat",
"4": "",
"5": "bad, evil"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zaqat (“bad, evil”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms-old",
"tr": "jāhat"
},
"expansion": "Old Malay [script needed] (jāhat)",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Malayic *jahat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zaqat (“bad, evil”).\nFirst attested in the Kota Kapur inscription, 686 CE, as Old Malay [script needed] (jāhat).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "berjahat",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"head": "berjahat"
},
"expansion": "berjahat",
"name": "ms-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 10 2 16 33 8 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to commit evil"
],
"id": "en-jahat-ms-verb-qz63wdLQ",
"links": [
[
"evil",
"evil"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to sin"
],
"id": "en-jahat-ms-verb-MW-VHaVR",
"links": [
[
"sin",
"sin"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dʒa.hat/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ahat"
},
{
"rhymes": "-hat"
},
{
"rhymes": "-at"
}
],
"word": "jahat"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "poz-mly-pro",
"3": "*jahat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayic *jahat",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*zaqat",
"4": "",
"5": "bad, evil"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zaqat (“bad, evil”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms-old",
"tr": "jāhat"
},
"expansion": "Old Malay [script needed] (jāhat)",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Malayic *jahat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zaqat (“bad, evil”).\nFirst attested in the Kota Kapur inscription, 686 CE, as Old Malay [script needed] (jāhat).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "menjahati",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"head": "menjahati"
},
"expansion": "menjahati",
"name": "ms-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 10 2 16 33 8 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "You shall not oppress the deprived.",
"text": "Jangan kau menjahati orang-orang yang lemah.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to commit evil upon someone"
],
"id": "en-jahat-ms-verb-QlMPtY1x",
"links": [
[
"evil",
"evil"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dʒa.hat/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ahat"
},
{
"rhymes": "-hat"
},
{
"rhymes": "-at"
}
],
"word": "jahat"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "poz-mly-pro",
"3": "*jahat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayic *jahat",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*zaqat",
"4": "",
"5": "bad, evil"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zaqat (“bad, evil”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms-old",
"tr": "jāhat"
},
"expansion": "Old Malay [script needed] (jāhat)",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Malayic *jahat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zaqat (“bad, evil”).\nFirst attested in the Kota Kapur inscription, 686 CE, as Old Malay [script needed] (jāhat).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "jahat-jahat",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jahat"
},
"expansion": "jahat (plural jahat-jahat)",
"name": "ms-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Johor Malay",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "2 10 2 16 33 8 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a serial killer"
],
"id": "en-jahat-ms-noun-I1p7X2hx",
"links": [
[
"serial killer",
"serial killer"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialect, Johor) a serial killer"
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dʒa.hat/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ahat"
},
{
"rhymes": "-hat"
},
{
"rhymes": "-at"
}
],
"word": "jahat"
}
{
"categories": [
"Malay adjectives",
"Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"Malay lemmas",
"Malay nouns",
"Malay terms derived from Proto-Malayic",
"Malay terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Malay terms inherited from Proto-Malayic",
"Malay terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Malay verbs",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for native script for Old Malay terms",
"Rhymes:Malay/ahat",
"Rhymes:Malay/at",
"Rhymes:Malay/hat"
],
"derived": [
{
"alt": "peN-",
"word": "penjahat [agentive"
},
{
"alt": "peN-",
"roman": "peN-",
"word": "qualitative"
},
{
"alt": "peN-",
"roman": "peN-",
"word": "instrumental"
},
{
"alt": "peN-",
"roman": "peN-",
"word": "abstract"
},
{
"alt": "peN-",
"roman": "peN-",
"word": "measure]"
},
{
"alt": "ke-an",
"word": "kejahatan [abstract"
},
{
"alt": "ke-an",
"roman": "ke-an",
"word": "locative]"
},
{
"alt": "se-",
"word": "sejahat [comparability]"
},
{
"english": "meN- + -kan",
"word": "menjahatkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]"
},
{
"english": "meN- + -i",
"tags": [
"locative"
],
"word": "menjahati [agent focus + causative benefactive]"
},
{
"alt": "beR-",
"word": "berjahat [stative"
},
{
"alt": "beR-",
"roman": "beR-",
"word": "habitual]"
},
{
"alt": "redup + se-",
"word": "sejahat-jahat [reduplication + immediacy"
},
{
"alt": "redup + se-",
"word": "habitual]"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "jahat"
},
"expansion": "Indonesian: jahat",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Indonesian: jahat"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "poz-mly-pro",
"3": "*jahat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayic *jahat",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*zaqat",
"4": "",
"5": "bad, evil"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zaqat (“bad, evil”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms-old",
"tr": "jāhat"
},
"expansion": "Old Malay [script needed] (jāhat)",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Malayic *jahat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zaqat (“bad, evil”).\nFirst attested in the Kota Kapur inscription, 686 CE, as Old Malay [script needed] (jāhat).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "جاهت",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"j": "جاهت"
},
"expansion": "jahat (Jawi spelling جاهت)",
"name": "ms-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bad, evil"
],
"links": [
[
"bad",
"bad"
],
[
"evil",
"evil"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"naughty, undisciplined"
],
"links": [
[
"naughty",
"naughty"
],
[
"undisciplined",
"undisciplined"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"malicious"
],
"links": [
[
"malicious",
"malicious"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dʒa.hat/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ahat"
},
{
"rhymes": "-hat"
},
{
"rhymes": "-at"
}
],
"word": "jahat"
}
{
"categories": [
"Malay adjectives",
"Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"Malay lemmas",
"Malay nouns",
"Malay terms derived from Proto-Malayic",
"Malay terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Malay terms inherited from Proto-Malayic",
"Malay terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Malay verbs",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for native script for Old Malay terms",
"Rhymes:Malay/ahat",
"Rhymes:Malay/at",
"Rhymes:Malay/hat"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "poz-mly-pro",
"3": "*jahat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayic *jahat",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*zaqat",
"4": "",
"5": "bad, evil"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zaqat (“bad, evil”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms-old",
"tr": "jāhat"
},
"expansion": "Old Malay [script needed] (jāhat)",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Malayic *jahat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zaqat (“bad, evil”).\nFirst attested in the Kota Kapur inscription, 686 CE, as Old Malay [script needed] (jāhat).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "berjahat",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"head": "berjahat"
},
"expansion": "berjahat",
"name": "ms-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to commit evil"
],
"links": [
[
"evil",
"evil"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to sin"
],
"links": [
[
"sin",
"sin"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dʒa.hat/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ahat"
},
{
"rhymes": "-hat"
},
{
"rhymes": "-at"
}
],
"word": "jahat"
}
{
"categories": [
"Malay adjectives",
"Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"Malay lemmas",
"Malay nouns",
"Malay terms derived from Proto-Malayic",
"Malay terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Malay terms inherited from Proto-Malayic",
"Malay terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Malay verbs",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for native script for Old Malay terms",
"Rhymes:Malay/ahat",
"Rhymes:Malay/at",
"Rhymes:Malay/hat"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "poz-mly-pro",
"3": "*jahat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayic *jahat",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*zaqat",
"4": "",
"5": "bad, evil"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zaqat (“bad, evil”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms-old",
"tr": "jāhat"
},
"expansion": "Old Malay [script needed] (jāhat)",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Malayic *jahat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zaqat (“bad, evil”).\nFirst attested in the Kota Kapur inscription, 686 CE, as Old Malay [script needed] (jāhat).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "menjahati",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"head": "menjahati"
},
"expansion": "menjahati",
"name": "ms-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Malay terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "You shall not oppress the deprived.",
"text": "Jangan kau menjahati orang-orang yang lemah.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to commit evil upon someone"
],
"links": [
[
"evil",
"evil"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dʒa.hat/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ahat"
},
{
"rhymes": "-hat"
},
{
"rhymes": "-at"
}
],
"word": "jahat"
}
{
"categories": [
"Malay adjectives",
"Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"Malay lemmas",
"Malay nouns",
"Malay terms derived from Proto-Malayic",
"Malay terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Malay terms inherited from Proto-Malayic",
"Malay terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Malay verbs",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for native script for Old Malay terms",
"Rhymes:Malay/ahat",
"Rhymes:Malay/at",
"Rhymes:Malay/hat"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "poz-mly-pro",
"3": "*jahat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayic *jahat",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*zaqat",
"4": "",
"5": "bad, evil"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zaqat (“bad, evil”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms-old",
"tr": "jāhat"
},
"expansion": "Old Malay [script needed] (jāhat)",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Malayic *jahat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zaqat (“bad, evil”).\nFirst attested in the Kota Kapur inscription, 686 CE, as Old Malay [script needed] (jāhat).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "jahat-jahat",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jahat"
},
"expansion": "jahat (plural jahat-jahat)",
"name": "ms-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Johor Malay",
"Malay dialectal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"a serial killer"
],
"links": [
[
"serial killer",
"serial killer"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialect, Johor) a serial killer"
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dʒa.hat/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ahat"
},
{
"rhymes": "-hat"
},
{
"rhymes": "-at"
}
],
"word": "jahat"
}
Download raw JSONL data for jahat meaning in Malay (7.3kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: dialect, Johor",
"path": [
"jahat"
],
"section": "Malay",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "jahat",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: dialect, Johor",
"path": [
"jahat"
],
"section": "Malay",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "jahat",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Malay dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (fef8596 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.