See кова in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
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"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kovati.",
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"form": "kova",
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"form": "ковал",
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{
"form": "-",
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"form": "ковала",
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"form": "-",
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{
"form": "ковајќи",
"roman": "kovajḱi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"aorist",
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"form": "ковало",
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"form": "ковале",
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},
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"form": "-",
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{
"form": "ковано",
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{
"form": "ковам",
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"form": "ковај",
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},
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},
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"form": "ковате",
"roman": "kovate",
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"second-person"
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},
{
"form": "ковавте",
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"imperfect",
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},
{
"form": "-",
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},
{
"form": "ковајте",
"roman": "kovajte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "коваат",
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"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "коваа",
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"form": "-",
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},
{
"form": "сум ковал",
"roman": "sum koval",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "present of сум (except in the 3ʳᵈ person) +",
"source": "conjugation",
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"aorist",
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]
},
{
"form": "present of сум (except in the 3ʳᵈ person) +",
"source": "conjugation",
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},
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"form": "imperfect l-participle",
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},
{
"form": "imperfect l-participle",
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},
{
"form": "имам ковано",
"roman": "imam kovano",
"source": "conjugation",
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"perfect",
"present",
"има"
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},
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"form": "бев ковал",
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"source": "conjugation",
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"present"
]
},
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"form": "imperfect of сум + imperfect l-participle",
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},
{
"form": "imperfect of сум + imperfect l-participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "имав ковано",
"roman": "imav kovano",
"source": "conjugation",
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"pluperfect",
"present",
"има"
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},
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},
{
"form": "сум имал ковано",
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},
{
"form": "ќе ковам",
"roman": "ḱe kovam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"imperfect",
"multiword-construction",
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]
},
{
"form": "ќе + present",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"future",
"multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "ќе + present",
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"tags": [
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},
{
"form": "ќе имам ковано",
"roman": "ḱe imam kovano",
"source": "conjugation",
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"present",
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},
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},
{
"form": "ќе ковав",
"roman": "ḱe kovav",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
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"present"
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},
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"form": "ќе + imperfect",
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"aorist",
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},
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"form": "ќе + imperfect",
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},
{
"form": "ќе имав ковано",
"roman": "ḱe imav kovano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"imperfect",
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"past",
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"има"
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},
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"form": "future in the past of има + perfect participle",
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},
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"form": "future in the past of има + perfect participle",
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},
{
"form": "ќе сум ковал",
"roman": "ḱe sum koval",
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"tags": [
"future",
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"present",
"reported"
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},
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"form": "ќе + imperfect l-participle",
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"tags": [
"aorist",
"future",
"multiword-construction",
"reported"
]
},
{
"form": "ќе + imperfect l-participle",
"source": "conjugation",
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"reported"
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},
{
"form": "ќе сум имал ковано",
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"source": "conjugation",
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"imperfect",
"multiword-construction",
"present",
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"има"
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},
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},
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},
{
"form": "би ковал",
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"conditional",
"imperfect",
"multiword-construction",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "би + imperfect l-participle",
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},
{
"form": "би + imperfect l-participle",
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},
{
"form": "би имал ковано",
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},
{
"form": "conditional of има + perfect participle",
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},
{
"form": "кове",
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]
}
],
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"expansion": "кова • (kova) third-singular present, impf (perfective закова)",
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],
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Macedonian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Macedonian verbs in -а",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
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"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
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}
],
"glosses": [
"to hammer, nail down, forge"
],
"id": "en-кова-mk-verb-TZmqM3lU",
"links": [
[
"hammer",
"hammer"
],
[
"nail down",
"nail down"
],
[
"forge",
"forge"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to hammer, nail down, forge"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
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}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈkɔva]"
}
],
"word": "кова"
}
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},
{
"form": "-",
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]
},
{
"form": "-",
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},
{
"form": "ковајќи",
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"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"aorist",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "ковало",
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},
{
"form": "-",
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"form": "ковање",
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},
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"form": "ковале",
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},
{
"form": "-",
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},
{
"form": "ковано",
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"aorist",
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"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "ковам",
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]
},
{
"form": "ковав",
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"imperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
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"aorist",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
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},
{
"form": "коваш",
"roman": "kovaš",
"source": "conjugation",
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"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "коваше",
"roman": "kovaše",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
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"second-person",
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},
{
"form": "ковај",
"roman": "kovaj",
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"aorist",
"imperative",
"second-person",
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]
},
{
"form": "кова",
"roman": "kova",
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]
},
{
"form": "коваше",
"roman": "kovaše",
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"third-person"
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},
{
"form": "-",
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},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "коваме",
"roman": "kovame",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ковавме",
"roman": "kovavme",
"source": "conjugation",
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"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
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]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ковате",
"roman": "kovate",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ковавте",
"roman": "kovavte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ковајте",
"roman": "kovajte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "коваат",
"roman": "kovaat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "коваа",
"roman": "kovaa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "сум ковал",
"roman": "sum koval",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "present of сум (except in the 3ʳᵈ person) +",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "present of сум (except in the 3ʳᵈ person) +",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect l-participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect l-participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "имам ковано",
"roman": "imam kovano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"present",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "present of има + perfect participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "present of има + perfect participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "бев ковал",
"roman": "bev koval",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect of сум + imperfect l-participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect of сум + imperfect l-participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "имав ковано",
"roman": "imav kovano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"present",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect of има + perfect participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect of има + perfect participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "сум имал ковано",
"roman": "sum imal kovano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"present",
"reported",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "perfect of има + perfect participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"reported",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "perfect of има + perfect participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"reported",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "ќе ковам",
"roman": "ḱe kovam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"imperfect",
"multiword-construction",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ќе + present",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"future",
"multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "ќе + present",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"imperative",
"multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "ќе имам ковано",
"roman": "ḱe imam kovano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"imperfect",
"multiword-construction",
"present",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "future of има + perfect participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"future",
"multiword-construction",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "future of има + perfect participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "ќе ковав",
"roman": "ḱe kovav",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"multiword-construction",
"past-future",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ќе + imperfect",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"multiword-construction",
"past-future"
]
},
{
"form": "ќе + imperfect",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"past-future"
]
},
{
"form": "ќе имав ковано",
"roman": "ḱe imav kovano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"imperfect",
"multiword-construction",
"past",
"present",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "future in the past of има + perfect participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"future",
"multiword-construction",
"past",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "future in the past of има + perfect participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"past",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "ќе сум ковал",
"roman": "ḱe sum koval",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"imperfect",
"multiword-construction",
"present",
"reported"
]
},
{
"form": "ќе + imperfect l-participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"future",
"multiword-construction",
"reported"
]
},
{
"form": "ќе + imperfect l-participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"multiword-construction",
"reported"
]
},
{
"form": "ќе сум имал ковано",
"roman": "ḱe sum imal kovano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"imperfect",
"multiword-construction",
"present",
"reported",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "future reported of има + perfect participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"future",
"multiword-construction",
"reported",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "future reported of има + perfect participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"multiword-construction",
"reported",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "би ковал",
"roman": "bi koval",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"imperfect",
"multiword-construction",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "би + imperfect l-participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"conditional",
"multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "би + imperfect l-participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "би имал ковано",
"roman": "bi imal kovano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"imperfect",
"multiword-construction",
"present",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "conditional of има + perfect participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"conditional",
"multiword-construction",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "conditional of има + perfect participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"multiword-construction",
"има"
]
},
{
"form": "кове",
"roman": "kove",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf",
"pf": "закова"
},
"expansion": "кова • (kova) third-singular present, impf (perfective закова)",
"name": "mk-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Macedonian 2-syllable words",
"Macedonian entries with incorrect language header",
"Macedonian imperfective verbs",
"Macedonian lemmas",
"Macedonian paroxytone terms",
"Macedonian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Macedonian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Macedonian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Macedonian transitive verbs",
"Macedonian verbs",
"Macedonian verbs in -а",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"to hammer, nail down, forge"
],
"links": [
[
"hammer",
"hammer"
],
[
"nail down",
"nail down"
],
[
"forge",
"forge"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to hammer, nail down, forge"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈkɔva]"
}
],
"word": "кова"
}
Download raw JSONL data for кова meaning in Macedonian (11.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Macedonian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (5ee713e and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.