See sien in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for sien meaning in Low German (5.7kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "gml",
"3": "sîn"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German sîn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "osx",
"3": "sīn"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon sīn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "",
"3": "sien"
},
"expansion": "sien",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "is"
},
"expansion": "is",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "sünd"
},
"expansion": "sünd",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁es-",
"4": "",
"5": "to be"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- (“to be”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "",
"3": "sīn",
"4": "we be"
},
"expansion": "sīn (“we be”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "sein"
},
"expansion": "German sein",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "zijn"
},
"expansion": "Dutch zijn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "wesen"
},
"expansion": "wesen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "gml",
"3": "wesen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German wesen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "osx",
"3": "wesan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon wesan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*wesan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *wesan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wesaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wesaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₂wes-",
"3": "",
"4": "to reside"
},
"expansion": "*h₂wes- (“to reside”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "wesen"
},
"expansion": "wesen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "bün"
},
"expansion": "bün",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "büst"
},
"expansion": "büst",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*beuną",
"4": "",
"5": "to be, to become"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *beuną (“to be, to become”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*bʰuH-",
"3": "",
"4": "to become"
},
"expansion": "*bʰuH- (“to become”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Low German sîn, from Old Saxon sīn. The infinitive sien along with the words is and sünd derive ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- (“to be”), which had no separate infinitive in Germanic. The modern infinitive was probably back-formed in late Old Saxon from the former first-person plural subjunctive sīn (“we be”), since this form had become identical to the infinitive in other verbs during the late Old Saxon period. Compare also German sein, Dutch zijn.\nThe original infinitive is wesen, from Middle Low German wesen, from Old Saxon wesan, from Proto-West Germanic *wesan, from Proto-Germanic *wesaną, from *h₂wes- (“to reside”). All the forms with initial w- (imperative and past tense) derive from this root. The infinitive wesen is still the most used one, but in general which one is used is a matter of personal preference and/or region.\nFinally, the forms bün and büst derive from Proto-Germanic *beuną (“to be, to become”), from *bʰuH- (“to become”), which survives only as relic forms in the West Germanic languages and not at all in the others. Its infinitive and non-singular forms are only attested in (Old) English.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weer",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wesen",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "west",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "wesen",
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nds-conj-table",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sien",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bün",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "weer",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "büst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "weerst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "is",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "weer",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sünd",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "weren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "wes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "west",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sien",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "west",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "sien",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bün",
"10": "west",
"11": "sien",
"12": "wesen, west",
"2": "büst",
"3": "is",
"4": "sünd",
"5": "weer",
"6": "weerst",
"7": "weer",
"8": "weren",
"9": "wes",
"head": "sien (irregular verb)"
},
"name": "nds-conj-table"
}
],
"lang": "Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "wesen"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Low German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of wesen"
],
"id": "en-sien-nds-verb-P22Qc3Sr",
"links": [
[
"wesen",
"wesen#Low German"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(only as the infinitive) Alternative form of wesen"
],
"raw_tags": [
"as the infinitive"
],
"related": [
{
"word": "wesen"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "wesen"
},
{
"word": "seyn"
},
{
"word": "syn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Low-Prussian"
],
"word": "sön"
}
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ziːn/"
}
],
"word": "sien"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "gml",
"3": "sîn"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German sîn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "osx",
"3": "sīn"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon sīn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "",
"3": "sien"
},
"expansion": "sien",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "is"
},
"expansion": "is",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "sünd"
},
"expansion": "sünd",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁es-",
"4": "",
"5": "to be"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- (“to be”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "",
"3": "sīn",
"4": "we be"
},
"expansion": "sīn (“we be”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "sein"
},
"expansion": "German sein",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "zijn"
},
"expansion": "Dutch zijn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "wesen"
},
"expansion": "wesen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "gml",
"3": "wesen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German wesen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "osx",
"3": "wesan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon wesan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*wesan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *wesan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wesaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wesaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₂wes-",
"3": "",
"4": "to reside"
},
"expansion": "*h₂wes- (“to reside”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "wesen"
},
"expansion": "wesen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "bün"
},
"expansion": "bün",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "büst"
},
"expansion": "büst",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*beuną",
"4": "",
"5": "to be, to become"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *beuną (“to be, to become”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*bʰuH-",
"3": "",
"4": "to become"
},
"expansion": "*bʰuH- (“to become”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Low German sîn, from Old Saxon sīn. The infinitive sien along with the words is and sünd derive ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- (“to be”), which had no separate infinitive in Germanic. The modern infinitive was probably back-formed in late Old Saxon from the former first-person plural subjunctive sīn (“we be”), since this form had become identical to the infinitive in other verbs during the late Old Saxon period. Compare also German sein, Dutch zijn.\nThe original infinitive is wesen, from Middle Low German wesen, from Old Saxon wesan, from Proto-West Germanic *wesan, from Proto-Germanic *wesaną, from *h₂wes- (“to reside”). All the forms with initial w- (imperative and past tense) derive from this root. The infinitive wesen is still the most used one, but in general which one is used is a matter of personal preference and/or region.\nFinally, the forms bün and büst derive from Proto-Germanic *beuną (“to be, to become”), from *bʰuH- (“to become”), which survives only as relic forms in the West Germanic languages and not at all in the others. Its infinitive and non-singular forms are only attested in (Old) English.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weer",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wesen",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "west",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "wesen",
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nds-conj-table",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sien",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bün",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "weer",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "büst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "weerst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "is",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "weer",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sünd",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "weren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "wes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "west",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sien",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "west",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "sien",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bün",
"10": "west",
"11": "sien",
"12": "wesen, west",
"2": "büst",
"3": "is",
"4": "sünd",
"5": "weer",
"6": "weerst",
"7": "weer",
"8": "weren",
"9": "wes",
"head": "sien (irregular verb)"
},
"name": "nds-conj-table"
}
],
"lang": "Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "wesen"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "wesen"
}
],
"categories": [
"Low German entries with incorrect language header",
"Low German lemmas",
"Low German terms derived from Middle Low German",
"Low German terms derived from Old Saxon",
"Low German terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Low German terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Low German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Low German terms inherited from Middle Low German",
"Low German terms inherited from Old Saxon",
"Low German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Low German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Low German terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Low German verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of wesen"
],
"links": [
[
"wesen",
"wesen#Low German"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(only as the infinitive) Alternative form of wesen"
],
"raw_tags": [
"as the infinitive"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ziːn/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "wesen"
},
{
"word": "seyn"
},
{
"word": "syn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Low-Prussian"
],
"word": "sön"
}
],
"word": "sien"
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2457",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Low German]; cleaned text: is",
"path": [
"sien"
],
"section": "Low German",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "sien",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Low German dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.