See vāci in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "vokietis",
"3": "vókietis"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian vókietis",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "Vāca"
},
"expansion": "Latvian Vāca",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "Vókia"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian Vókia",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wekʷ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to speak"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wekʷ- (“to speak”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "wackis",
"3": "",
"4": "shout, war cry",
"tr": "vakis"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian wackis ([vakis], “shout, war cry”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वक्ति",
"3": "",
"4": "to speak, to say",
"tr": "vákti"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit वक्ति (vákti, “to speak, to say”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἔπος",
"3": "",
"4": "word, talk, song"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἔπος (épos, “word, talk, song”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "vox",
"3": "",
"4": "voice, sound, talk"
},
"expansion": "Latin vox (“voice, sound, talk”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "βάρβαρος",
"3": "",
"4": "Barbarian, foreigner (who says bar-bar)"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek βάρβαρος (bárbaros, “Barbarian, foreigner (who says bar-bar)”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*němьcь",
"3": "",
"4": "foreigner, one who does not speak clearly"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *němьcь (“foreigner, one who does not speak clearly”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Cognates include Lithuanian vókietis. There are different theories about the origin of this word. Some suggest that it comes from a place name, Latvian Vāca, Lithuanian Vókia, which would originally have referred to some region in Sweden, from which the word was borrowed, probably before the 12th century, since it underwent palatalization (*vākyā > vāca). A 6th-century source mentions a Southeastern Swedish tribe called Vagoth, perhaps from *vāki(ā) + -goth. There are, however, no Swedish language sources that support the existence of a region of Sweden named Vakya or something similar. For this reason, others have suggested that the word vāca was originally a collective or ethnic term, later reinterpreted as a place name (and from which vāci, and later vācietis, could be derived). Its source would be Proto-Indo-European *wekʷ- (“to speak”), whence Old Prussian wackis ([vakis], “shout, war cry”), Sanskrit वक्ति (vákti, “to speak, to say”), Ancient Greek ἔπος (épos, “word, talk, song”) (< *wépos), Latin vox (“voice, sound, talk”). This stem might have been used to form a word (perhaps *vākyā-) to designate foreigners, meaning originally something like “those who speak loud, shout (unintelligibly)” — cf. Ancient Greek βάρβαρος (bárbaros, “Barbarian, foreigner (who says bar-bar)”), or Proto-Slavic *němьcь (“foreigner, one who does not speak clearly”), from *němъ (“mute”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vāci",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vācu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vāciem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vācus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vāciem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vācos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "vāci",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "or",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "2nd declension",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "or",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "vāci m (2nd declension)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "2nd"
},
"expansion": "vāci m (2nd declension)",
"name": "lv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vā",
"2": "is",
"3": "2nd",
"4": "no-sg",
"5": "c",
"6": "c",
"extrawidth": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vā",
"2": "is",
"4": "no-sg",
"5": "c",
"6": "c",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"drop-v": "",
"keep-s": "",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-2"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"10": "vāciem",
"11": "-",
"12": "vācos",
"13": "-",
"14": "vāci",
"2": "vāci",
"3": "-",
"4": "vācus",
"5": "-",
"6": "vācu",
"7": "-",
"8": "vāciem",
"9": "-",
"type": "2nd",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "vācietis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "vāciete"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Vācija"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "vācisks"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "vācu valoda"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "88 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "85 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian pluralia tantum",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with level intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "95 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "96 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "94 6",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "lv",
"name": "Demonyms",
"orig": "lv:Demonyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "56 44",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "lv",
"name": "Germany",
"orig": "lv:Germany",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "94 6",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "lv",
"name": "Nationalities",
"orig": "lv:Nationalities",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
15,
21
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
20,
27
]
],
"english": "make peace with the Germans, Lāčplēsis (= bear-slayer)",
"text": "slēdz mieru ar vāciem, Lāčplēsi",
"translation": "make peace with the Germans, Lāčplēsis (= bear-slayer)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Germans (people from Germany; members of the German people; the German people as a whole)"
],
"id": "en-vāci-lv-noun-AQUygmgV",
"links": [
[
"German",
"German"
],
[
"Germany",
"Germany"
],
[
"member",
"member"
],
[
"German",
"German"
],
[
"people",
"people"
],
[
"German",
"German"
],
[
"people",
"people"
],
[
"whole",
"whole"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare, only plural) Germans (people from Germany; members of the German people; the German people as a whole)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine",
"plural",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with level intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
4,
10
]
],
"english": "the German language",
"text": "vācu valoda",
"translation": "the German language",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
4,
10
]
],
"english": "the German people",
"text": "vācu tauta",
"translation": "the German people",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"english": "German culture, art, literature",
"text": "vācu kultūra, māksla, literatūra",
"translation": "German culture, art, literature",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"German; pertaining to Germany and its people"
],
"id": "en-vāci-lv-noun-F9WEp-LH",
"links": [
[
"German",
"German"
],
[
"Germany",
"Germany"
],
[
"people",
"people"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(genitive plural) German; pertaining to Germany and its people"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[vāːtsi]"
}
],
"word": "vāci"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"Latvian lemmas",
"Latvian masculine nouns",
"Latvian non-alternating second declension nouns",
"Latvian nouns",
"Latvian pluralia tantum",
"Latvian second declension nouns",
"Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latvian words with level intonation",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"lv:Demonyms",
"lv:Germany",
"lv:Nationalities"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "vokietis",
"3": "vókietis"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian vókietis",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "Vāca"
},
"expansion": "Latvian Vāca",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "Vókia"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian Vókia",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wekʷ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to speak"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wekʷ- (“to speak”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "wackis",
"3": "",
"4": "shout, war cry",
"tr": "vakis"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian wackis ([vakis], “shout, war cry”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वक्ति",
"3": "",
"4": "to speak, to say",
"tr": "vákti"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit वक्ति (vákti, “to speak, to say”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἔπος",
"3": "",
"4": "word, talk, song"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἔπος (épos, “word, talk, song”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "vox",
"3": "",
"4": "voice, sound, talk"
},
"expansion": "Latin vox (“voice, sound, talk”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "βάρβαρος",
"3": "",
"4": "Barbarian, foreigner (who says bar-bar)"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek βάρβαρος (bárbaros, “Barbarian, foreigner (who says bar-bar)”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*němьcь",
"3": "",
"4": "foreigner, one who does not speak clearly"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *němьcь (“foreigner, one who does not speak clearly”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Cognates include Lithuanian vókietis. There are different theories about the origin of this word. Some suggest that it comes from a place name, Latvian Vāca, Lithuanian Vókia, which would originally have referred to some region in Sweden, from which the word was borrowed, probably before the 12th century, since it underwent palatalization (*vākyā > vāca). A 6th-century source mentions a Southeastern Swedish tribe called Vagoth, perhaps from *vāki(ā) + -goth. There are, however, no Swedish language sources that support the existence of a region of Sweden named Vakya or something similar. For this reason, others have suggested that the word vāca was originally a collective or ethnic term, later reinterpreted as a place name (and from which vāci, and later vācietis, could be derived). Its source would be Proto-Indo-European *wekʷ- (“to speak”), whence Old Prussian wackis ([vakis], “shout, war cry”), Sanskrit वक्ति (vákti, “to speak, to say”), Ancient Greek ἔπος (épos, “word, talk, song”) (< *wépos), Latin vox (“voice, sound, talk”). This stem might have been used to form a word (perhaps *vākyā-) to designate foreigners, meaning originally something like “those who speak loud, shout (unintelligibly)” — cf. Ancient Greek βάρβαρος (bárbaros, “Barbarian, foreigner (who says bar-bar)”), or Proto-Slavic *němьcь (“foreigner, one who does not speak clearly”), from *němъ (“mute”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vāci",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vācu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vāciem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vācus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vāciem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vācos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "vāci",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "or",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "2nd declension",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "or",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "vāci m (2nd declension)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "2nd"
},
"expansion": "vāci m (2nd declension)",
"name": "lv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vā",
"2": "is",
"3": "2nd",
"4": "no-sg",
"5": "c",
"6": "c",
"extrawidth": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vā",
"2": "is",
"4": "no-sg",
"5": "c",
"6": "c",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"drop-v": "",
"keep-s": "",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-2"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"10": "vāciem",
"11": "-",
"12": "vācos",
"13": "-",
"14": "vāci",
"2": "vāci",
"3": "-",
"4": "vācus",
"5": "-",
"6": "vācu",
"7": "-",
"8": "vāciem",
"9": "-",
"type": "2nd",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "vācietis"
},
{
"word": "vāciete"
},
{
"word": "Vācija"
},
{
"word": "vācisks"
},
{
"word": "vācu valoda"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with rare senses",
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
15,
21
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
20,
27
]
],
"english": "make peace with the Germans, Lāčplēsis (= bear-slayer)",
"text": "slēdz mieru ar vāciem, Lāčplēsi",
"translation": "make peace with the Germans, Lāčplēsis (= bear-slayer)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Germans (people from Germany; members of the German people; the German people as a whole)"
],
"links": [
[
"German",
"German"
],
[
"Germany",
"Germany"
],
[
"member",
"member"
],
[
"German",
"German"
],
[
"people",
"people"
],
[
"German",
"German"
],
[
"people",
"people"
],
[
"whole",
"whole"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare, only plural) Germans (people from Germany; members of the German people; the German people as a whole)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine",
"plural",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
4,
10
]
],
"english": "the German language",
"text": "vācu valoda",
"translation": "the German language",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
4,
10
]
],
"english": "the German people",
"text": "vācu tauta",
"translation": "the German people",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"english": "German culture, art, literature",
"text": "vācu kultūra, māksla, literatūra",
"translation": "German culture, art, literature",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"German; pertaining to Germany and its people"
],
"links": [
[
"German",
"German"
],
[
"Germany",
"Germany"
],
[
"people",
"people"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(genitive plural) German; pertaining to Germany and its people"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[vāːtsi]"
}
],
"word": "vāci"
}
Download raw JSONL data for vāci meaning in Latvian (7.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latvian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (872fc7b and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.