See svainis in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "bat-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Baltic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*swoini"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *swoini",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "savs"
},
"expansion": "Latvian savs",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "sváinis",
"3": "",
"4": "wife's sister's husband"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian sváinis (“wife's sister's husband”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "swein",
"3": "",
"4": "servant, shepherd"
},
"expansion": "Old High German swein (“servant, shepherd”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cms",
"2": "veinam",
"3": "",
"4": "one's own (acc.)"
},
"expansion": "Messapic veinam (“one's own (acc.)”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Baltic *swaynya-, from Proto-Indo-European *swoini, probably meaning “ours,” “one of us”, from *swe-, *swo- with an extra in, from the reflexive pronominal stem *se- (“one's own”) with an extra -we, -wo (whence also Latvian savs). The meaning probably went from “one of us, one of our relatives” to “one who has become a relative (by marriage)” and was then restricted to “brother-in-law.” Cognates include Lithuanian sváinis (“wife's sister's husband”), Old High German swein (“servant, shepherd”) (< “one of us”), Messapic veinam (“one's own (acc.)”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "svaine",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "svainiene",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "declension-2",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "2nd declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "svainis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "svaiņi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "svaiņa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "svaiņu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "svainim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "svaiņiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "svaini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "svaiņus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "svaini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "svaiņiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "svainī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "svaiņos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "svaini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "svaiņi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "svainis m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "2nd",
"fem": "svaine",
"fem2": "svainiene"
},
"expansion": "svainis m (2nd declension, feminine form: svaine or svainiene)",
"name": "lv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "svai",
"2": "is",
"3": "2nd",
"4": "",
"5": "n",
"6": "ņ",
"extrawidth": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "svai",
"2": "is",
"4": "",
"5": "n",
"6": "ņ",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"drop-v": "",
"keep-s": "",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-2"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "svainis",
"10": "svaiņiem",
"11": "svainī",
"12": "svaiņos",
"13": "svaini",
"14": "svaiņi",
"2": "svaiņi",
"3": "svaini",
"4": "svaiņus",
"5": "svaiņa",
"6": "svaiņu",
"7": "svainim",
"8": "svaiņiem",
"9": "svaini",
"type": "2nd declension",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with broken intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "lv",
"name": "Family",
"orig": "lv:Family",
"parents": [
"People",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "svainība"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "your very sister and brother-in-law work somewhere in a collective farm",
"text": "tev pašam māsa un svainis strādā kaut kur kolhozā",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Līzbete didn't have many relatives... it can certainly be hoped that (her) brother-in-law Līdaks and (her) sister Gerda won't be at the funeral",
"text": "Līzbetei daudz radu nebija... pilnīgi cerams, ka svainis Līdaks ar māsu Gerdu bērēs nebūs",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"brother-in-law (one's wife's brother or one's husband's brother; also, one's sister's husband, or one's wife's sister's husband)"
],
"id": "en-svainis-lv-noun-EhkeBi8P",
"links": [
[
"brother-in-law",
"brother-in-law"
],
[
"wife",
"wife#English"
],
[
"brother",
"brother#English"
],
[
"husband",
"husband#English"
],
[
"sister",
"sister#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[svâjnis]"
}
],
"word": "svainis"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "svainība"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "bat-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Baltic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*swoini"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *swoini",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "savs"
},
"expansion": "Latvian savs",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "sváinis",
"3": "",
"4": "wife's sister's husband"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian sváinis (“wife's sister's husband”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "swein",
"3": "",
"4": "servant, shepherd"
},
"expansion": "Old High German swein (“servant, shepherd”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cms",
"2": "veinam",
"3": "",
"4": "one's own (acc.)"
},
"expansion": "Messapic veinam (“one's own (acc.)”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Baltic *swaynya-, from Proto-Indo-European *swoini, probably meaning “ours,” “one of us”, from *swe-, *swo- with an extra in, from the reflexive pronominal stem *se- (“one's own”) with an extra -we, -wo (whence also Latvian savs). The meaning probably went from “one of us, one of our relatives” to “one who has become a relative (by marriage)” and was then restricted to “brother-in-law.” Cognates include Lithuanian sváinis (“wife's sister's husband”), Old High German swein (“servant, shepherd”) (< “one of us”), Messapic veinam (“one's own (acc.)”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "svaine",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "svainiene",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "declension-2",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "2nd declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "svainis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "svaiņi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "svaiņa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "svaiņu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "svainim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "svaiņiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "svaini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "svaiņus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "svaini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "svaiņiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "svainī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "svaiņos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "svaini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "svaiņi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "svainis m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "2nd",
"fem": "svaine",
"fem2": "svainiene"
},
"expansion": "svainis m (2nd declension, feminine form: svaine or svainiene)",
"name": "lv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "svai",
"2": "is",
"3": "2nd",
"4": "",
"5": "n",
"6": "ņ",
"extrawidth": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "svai",
"2": "is",
"4": "",
"5": "n",
"6": "ņ",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"drop-v": "",
"keep-s": "",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-2"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "svainis",
"10": "svaiņiem",
"11": "svainī",
"12": "svaiņos",
"13": "svaini",
"14": "svaiņi",
"2": "svaiņi",
"3": "svaini",
"4": "svaiņus",
"5": "svaiņa",
"6": "svaiņu",
"7": "svainim",
"8": "svaiņiem",
"9": "svaini",
"type": "2nd declension",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"Latvian lemmas",
"Latvian masculine nouns",
"Latvian nouns",
"Latvian second declension nouns",
"Latvian terms derived from Proto-Baltic",
"Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latvian terms with usage examples",
"Latvian words with broken intonation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"lv:Family"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "your very sister and brother-in-law work somewhere in a collective farm",
"text": "tev pašam māsa un svainis strādā kaut kur kolhozā",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Līzbete didn't have many relatives... it can certainly be hoped that (her) brother-in-law Līdaks and (her) sister Gerda won't be at the funeral",
"text": "Līzbetei daudz radu nebija... pilnīgi cerams, ka svainis Līdaks ar māsu Gerdu bērēs nebūs",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"brother-in-law (one's wife's brother or one's husband's brother; also, one's sister's husband, or one's wife's sister's husband)"
],
"links": [
[
"brother-in-law",
"brother-in-law"
],
[
"wife",
"wife#English"
],
[
"brother",
"brother#English"
],
[
"husband",
"husband#English"
],
[
"sister",
"sister#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[svâjnis]"
}
],
"word": "svainis"
}
Download raw JSONL data for svainis meaning in Latvian (5.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latvian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (bcd5c38 and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.