See putns in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
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"2": "Disputed"
},
"expansion": "Disputed",
"name": "unc"
},
{
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"2": "bat-pro",
"3": "*putnas"
},
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"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*pōw-t-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pōw-t-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "pauts",
"3": "",
"4": "testicle"
},
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"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xsv",
"2": "paud",
"3": "",
"4": "bird"
},
"expansion": "Sudovian paud (“bird”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "putýtis",
"3": "",
"4": "chick"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian putýtis (“chick”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "пътица"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic пътица (pŭtica)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "пти́ца"
},
"expansion": "Russian пти́ца (ptíca)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "पोत",
"3": "",
"4": "young animal, offspring",
"tr": "póta"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit पोत (póta, “young animal, offspring”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πῶλος",
"3": "",
"4": "foal"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πῶλος (pôlos, “foal”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "puer",
"3": "",
"4": "child, boy"
},
"expansion": "Latin puer (“child, boy”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*pet-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pet-",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "en",
"3": "ēn",
"4": "bird"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish ēn (“bird”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Feder",
"3": "",
"4": "feather"
},
"expansion": "German Feder (“feather”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒁁𒋻",
"3": "",
"4": "wing",
"tr": "pát-tar"
},
"expansion": "Hittite 𒁁𒋻 (pát-tar, “wing”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "पतति",
"3": "",
"4": "to fly, to fall"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit पतति (patati, “to fly, to fall”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πέτομαι",
"3": "",
"4": "to fly"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πέτομαι (pétomai, “to fly”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "penna",
"3": "",
"4": "feather"
},
"expansion": "Latin penna (“feather”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Disputed:\nTraditionally derived from Proto-Baltic *putnas, a morphological variant of *putā- (originally “young bird”), from Proto-Indo-European *pōw-t-, *pu(h₂)-t- (“small one, baby”), from or akin to the root *pe(h₂)w- (“little”). Another possibility is that the original stem was *pawt- (“to father”), with Latvian pauts (“testicle”) (dialectally also “egg”) as a direct reflex; from the zero grade form *put- > putns (perhaps with the suffix -ens); in this respect, cf. Sudovian paud (“bird”). For these hypotheses, cognates include Lithuanian putýtis (“chick”), paũkštis (“bird”), Old Church Slavonic пътица (pŭtica), Russian пти́ца (ptíca), Sanskrit पोत (póta, “young animal, offspring”), पुत्र (putrá, “son, child”), Ancient Greek πῶλος (pôlos, “foal”), Latin puer (“child, boy”). Neither hypothesis, however, completely explains the form of this word.\nA more recent suggestion is Proto-Indo-European *pet-, *peth₂- (“to jump, to fly, to fall”), from which Old Irish ēn (“bird”) (< *pet-no-), German Feder (“feather”) (< *pet-er-), Hittite 𒁁𒋻 (pát-tar, “wing”), Sanskrit पतति (patati, “to fly, to fall”), Ancient Greek πέτομαι (pétomai, “to fly”), πτερόν (pterón, “wing”), Latin penna (“feather”) (< *pet-na). From *pét-r-, *pet-n-és > *ptér-, *pten-és, where an epenthetic -u- would lead to *putne-, *puten- (cf. dialectal diminutive puteniņš with e), from which putns.",
"forms": [
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"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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},
{
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"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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},
{
"form": "1st declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "putns",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "putni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "putnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "putnus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "putna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "putnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "putnam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "putniem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "putnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "putniem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "putnā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "putnos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "putns",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
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"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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}
],
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},
{
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"2": "1st"
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"expansion": "putns m (1st declension)",
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{
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"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
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"x": "-60"
},
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "putns",
"10": "putniem",
"11": "putnā",
"12": "putnos",
"13": "putns",
"14": "putni",
"2": "putni",
"3": "putnu",
"4": "putnus",
"5": "putna",
"6": "putnu",
"7": "putnam",
"8": "putniem",
"9": "putnu",
"type": "1st declension",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian undefined derivations",
"parents": [
"Undefined derivations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lithuanian links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant target parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "lv",
"name": "Birds",
"orig": "lv:Birds",
"parents": [
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "gājputns"
},
{
"word": "gāju putns"
},
{
"word": "mājputns"
},
{
"word": "mājas putns"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "land, water bird",
"text": "sauszemes, ūdens putns",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "sea, forest bird",
"text": "jūras, meža putns",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "night bird",
"text": "nakts putns",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "migratory birds",
"text": "caurceļotāji putns",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "bird migration",
"text": "putnu pārceļošana, migrācija",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "bird feathers, beak",
"text": "putnu spalvas, knābis",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "bird eggs, nest",
"text": "putnu olas, ligzda",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "bird songs",
"text": "putnu dziesmas",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "bird hunting",
"text": "putnu mēdības",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "bird meat, poultry",
"text": "putnu gaļa",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "bird shed",
"text": "putnu kūts",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "scarecrow (lit. bird-scarer)",
"text": "putnu biedēklis",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "birds of passage",
"text": "ceļotāji, gāju putni, gājputni",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "winter birds",
"text": "ziemotāji putni",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "fowls, poultry (lit. house birds)",
"text": "mājas putni, mājputni",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "bird fever",
"text": "putnu mēris",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to feed the birds silage and grains",
"text": "izēdināt putnus spēkbarību un graudus",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bird (vertebrate animal of the class Aves, covered with feathers, with wings and often capable of flying)"
],
"id": "en-putns-lv-noun-qyWHaW2y",
"links": [
[
"bird",
"bird"
],
[
"vertebrate",
"vertebrate#English"
],
[
"animal",
"animal#English"
],
[
"class",
"class#English"
],
[
"cover",
"cover#English"
],
[
"feather",
"feather#English"
],
[
"wing",
"wing#English"
],
[
"often",
"often#English"
],
[
"capable",
"capable#English"
],
[
"fly",
"fly#English"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "knābis"
},
{
"word": "ligzda"
},
{
"word": "ola"
},
{
"word": "spalva"
},
{
"word": "spārns"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"masculine"
],
"wikipedia": [
"lv:putns"
]
}
],
"word": "putns"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "gājputns"
},
{
"word": "gāju putns"
},
{
"word": "mājputns"
},
{
"word": "mājas putns"
}
],
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"2": "Disputed"
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"name": "unc"
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"3": "*putnas"
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"name": "uder"
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{
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"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*pōw-t-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pōw-t-",
"name": "der"
},
{
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"2": "pauts",
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"4": "testicle"
},
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},
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"4": "bird"
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"name": "cog"
},
{
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"2": "putýtis",
"3": "",
"4": "chick"
},
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"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "пътица"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic пътица (pŭtica)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "пти́ца"
},
"expansion": "Russian пти́ца (ptíca)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "पोत",
"3": "",
"4": "young animal, offspring",
"tr": "póta"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit पोत (póta, “young animal, offspring”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πῶλος",
"3": "",
"4": "foal"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πῶλος (pôlos, “foal”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "puer",
"3": "",
"4": "child, boy"
},
"expansion": "Latin puer (“child, boy”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*pet-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pet-",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "en",
"3": "ēn",
"4": "bird"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish ēn (“bird”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Feder",
"3": "",
"4": "feather"
},
"expansion": "German Feder (“feather”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒁁𒋻",
"3": "",
"4": "wing",
"tr": "pát-tar"
},
"expansion": "Hittite 𒁁𒋻 (pát-tar, “wing”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "पतति",
"3": "",
"4": "to fly, to fall"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit पतति (patati, “to fly, to fall”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πέτομαι",
"3": "",
"4": "to fly"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πέτομαι (pétomai, “to fly”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "penna",
"3": "",
"4": "feather"
},
"expansion": "Latin penna (“feather”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Disputed:\nTraditionally derived from Proto-Baltic *putnas, a morphological variant of *putā- (originally “young bird”), from Proto-Indo-European *pōw-t-, *pu(h₂)-t- (“small one, baby”), from or akin to the root *pe(h₂)w- (“little”). Another possibility is that the original stem was *pawt- (“to father”), with Latvian pauts (“testicle”) (dialectally also “egg”) as a direct reflex; from the zero grade form *put- > putns (perhaps with the suffix -ens); in this respect, cf. Sudovian paud (“bird”). For these hypotheses, cognates include Lithuanian putýtis (“chick”), paũkštis (“bird”), Old Church Slavonic пътица (pŭtica), Russian пти́ца (ptíca), Sanskrit पोत (póta, “young animal, offspring”), पुत्र (putrá, “son, child”), Ancient Greek πῶλος (pôlos, “foal”), Latin puer (“child, boy”). Neither hypothesis, however, completely explains the form of this word.\nA more recent suggestion is Proto-Indo-European *pet-, *peth₂- (“to jump, to fly, to fall”), from which Old Irish ēn (“bird”) (< *pet-no-), German Feder (“feather”) (< *pet-er-), Hittite 𒁁𒋻 (pát-tar, “wing”), Sanskrit पतति (patati, “to fly, to fall”), Ancient Greek πέτομαι (pétomai, “to fly”), πτερόν (pterón, “wing”), Latin penna (“feather”) (< *pet-na). From *pét-r-, *pet-n-és > *ptér-, *pten-és, where an epenthetic -u- would lead to *putne-, *puten- (cf. dialectal diminutive puteniņš with e), from which putns.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "declension-1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "1st declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "putns",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "putni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "putnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "putnus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "putna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "putnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "putnam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "putniem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "putnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "putniem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "putnā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "putnos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "putns",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "putni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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"vocative"
]
}
],
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"head": "",
"sort": ""
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"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "1st"
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"expansion": "putns m (1st declension)",
"name": "lv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"3": "1st",
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"name": "lv-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "s",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"drop-v": "",
"keep-s": "1",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-1"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "putns",
"10": "putniem",
"11": "putnā",
"12": "putnos",
"13": "putns",
"14": "putni",
"2": "putni",
"3": "putnu",
"4": "putnus",
"5": "putna",
"6": "putnu",
"7": "putnam",
"8": "putniem",
"9": "putnu",
"type": "1st declension",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "knābis"
},
{
"word": "ligzda"
},
{
"word": "ola"
},
{
"word": "spalva"
},
{
"word": "spārns"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"Latvian first declension nouns",
"Latvian lemmas",
"Latvian masculine nouns",
"Latvian nouns",
"Latvian terms derived from Proto-Baltic",
"Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latvian terms with unknown etymologies",
"Latvian terms with usage examples",
"Latvian undefined derivations",
"Lithuanian links with redundant target parameters",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for audio pronunciation in Latvian entries",
"Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"lv:Birds"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "land, water bird",
"text": "sauszemes, ūdens putns",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "sea, forest bird",
"text": "jūras, meža putns",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "night bird",
"text": "nakts putns",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "migratory birds",
"text": "caurceļotāji putns",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "bird migration",
"text": "putnu pārceļošana, migrācija",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "bird feathers, beak",
"text": "putnu spalvas, knābis",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "bird eggs, nest",
"text": "putnu olas, ligzda",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "bird songs",
"text": "putnu dziesmas",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "bird hunting",
"text": "putnu mēdības",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "bird meat, poultry",
"text": "putnu gaļa",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "bird shed",
"text": "putnu kūts",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "scarecrow (lit. bird-scarer)",
"text": "putnu biedēklis",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "birds of passage",
"text": "ceļotāji, gāju putni, gājputni",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "winter birds",
"text": "ziemotāji putni",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "fowls, poultry (lit. house birds)",
"text": "mājas putni, mājputni",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "bird fever",
"text": "putnu mēris",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to feed the birds silage and grains",
"text": "izēdināt putnus spēkbarību un graudus",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bird (vertebrate animal of the class Aves, covered with feathers, with wings and often capable of flying)"
],
"links": [
[
"bird",
"bird"
],
[
"vertebrate",
"vertebrate#English"
],
[
"animal",
"animal#English"
],
[
"class",
"class#English"
],
[
"cover",
"cover#English"
],
[
"feather",
"feather#English"
],
[
"wing",
"wing#English"
],
[
"often",
"often#English"
],
[
"capable",
"capable#English"
],
[
"fly",
"fly#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"masculine"
],
"wikipedia": [
"lv:putns"
]
}
],
"word": "putns"
}
Download raw JSONL data for putns meaning in Latvian (8.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latvian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.