See ceļš in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for ceļš meaning in Latvian (5.6kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*kel-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *kel-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kelH-",
"4": "",
"5": "to lift"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kelH- (“to lift”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "celt",
"3": "",
"4": "to lift, to stand up, to build"
},
"expansion": "celt (“to lift, to stand up, to build”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "*kel-"
},
"expansion": "*kel-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "kalns"
},
"expansion": "kalns",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "cēls",
"3": "",
"4": "lofty; noble"
},
"expansion": "cēls (“lofty; noble”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "celt"
},
"expansion": "celt",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "celt"
},
"expansion": "celt",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "naidu"
},
"expansion": "naidu",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "celt"
},
"expansion": "celt",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "pār"
},
"expansion": "pār",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "upi"
},
"expansion": "upi",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ceļš"
},
"expansion": "ceļš",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κελεύω",
"t": "to urge, to exhort, to command"
},
"expansion": "κελεύω (keleúō, “to urge, to exhort, to command”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "kẽlias",
"3": "",
"4": "road, way"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian kẽlias (“road, way”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κέλευθος",
"3": "",
"4": "road, path"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κέλευθος (kéleuthos, “road, path”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kel-, from Proto-Indo-European *kelH- (“to lift”) (whence also celt (“to lift, to stand up, to build”)). The semantic evolution went through the fact that old roads through forests and swamps were often build on higher ground (note that notions related to high relief points are often named with derivations from *kel-, like kalns or cēls (“lofty; noble”)). Also, the sense of “start,” “initiate”, or even “lead” found in celt (e.g., celt naidu “to cause hostility,” celt pār upi “to lead over the river”) and neighboring notions may have influenced ceļš (compare the Ancient Greek cognate with its source κελεύω (keleúō, “to urge, to exhort, to command”)). Cognates include Lithuanian kẽlias (“road, way”), Ancient Greek κέλευθος (kéleuthos, “road, path”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "declension-1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "1st declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ceļš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ceļi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ceļu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ceļus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ceļa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ceļu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ceļam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ceļiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ceļu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ceļiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ceļā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ceļos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ceļ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ceļi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "ceļš m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "1st"
},
"expansion": "ceļš m (1st declension)",
"name": "lv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ceļ",
"2": "š",
"3": "1st",
"extrawidth": "-120"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ceļ",
"2": "š",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"drop-v": "",
"keep-s": "",
"x": "-120"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-1"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ceļš",
"10": "ceļiem",
"11": "ceļā",
"12": "ceļos",
"13": "ceļ",
"14": "ceļi",
"2": "ceļi",
"3": "ceļu",
"4": "ceļus",
"5": "ceļa",
"6": "ceļu",
"7": "ceļam",
"8": "ceļiem",
"9": "ceļu",
"type": "1st declension",
"x": "-120"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian first declension nouns in -š",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ceļarādītājs"
},
{
"word": "ceļinieks"
},
{
"word": "ceļiniece"
},
{
"word": "ceļot"
},
{
"word": "ceļojums"
}
],
"glosses": [
"road, way"
],
"id": "en-ceļš-lv-noun-D7Z0Cjeq",
"links": [
[
"road",
"road"
],
[
"way",
"way"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[tsɛʎʃ]"
},
{
"audio": "lv-riga-ceļš.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/Lv-riga-ce%C4%BC%C5%A1.ogg/Lv-riga-ce%C4%BC%C5%A1.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/Lv-riga-ce%C4%BC%C5%A1.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "ceļš"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "ceļarādītājs"
},
{
"word": "ceļinieks"
},
{
"word": "ceļiniece"
},
{
"word": "ceļot"
},
{
"word": "ceļojums"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*kel-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *kel-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kelH-",
"4": "",
"5": "to lift"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kelH- (“to lift”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "celt",
"3": "",
"4": "to lift, to stand up, to build"
},
"expansion": "celt (“to lift, to stand up, to build”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "*kel-"
},
"expansion": "*kel-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "kalns"
},
"expansion": "kalns",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "cēls",
"3": "",
"4": "lofty; noble"
},
"expansion": "cēls (“lofty; noble”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "celt"
},
"expansion": "celt",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "celt"
},
"expansion": "celt",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "naidu"
},
"expansion": "naidu",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "celt"
},
"expansion": "celt",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "pār"
},
"expansion": "pār",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "upi"
},
"expansion": "upi",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ceļš"
},
"expansion": "ceļš",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κελεύω",
"t": "to urge, to exhort, to command"
},
"expansion": "κελεύω (keleúō, “to urge, to exhort, to command”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "kẽlias",
"3": "",
"4": "road, way"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian kẽlias (“road, way”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κέλευθος",
"3": "",
"4": "road, path"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κέλευθος (kéleuthos, “road, path”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kel-, from Proto-Indo-European *kelH- (“to lift”) (whence also celt (“to lift, to stand up, to build”)). The semantic evolution went through the fact that old roads through forests and swamps were often build on higher ground (note that notions related to high relief points are often named with derivations from *kel-, like kalns or cēls (“lofty; noble”)). Also, the sense of “start,” “initiate”, or even “lead” found in celt (e.g., celt naidu “to cause hostility,” celt pār upi “to lead over the river”) and neighboring notions may have influenced ceļš (compare the Ancient Greek cognate with its source κελεύω (keleúō, “to urge, to exhort, to command”)). Cognates include Lithuanian kẽlias (“road, way”), Ancient Greek κέλευθος (kéleuthos, “road, path”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "declension-1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "1st declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ceļš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ceļi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ceļu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ceļus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ceļa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ceļu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ceļam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ceļiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ceļu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ceļiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ceļā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ceļos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ceļ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ceļi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "ceļš m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "1st"
},
"expansion": "ceļš m (1st declension)",
"name": "lv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ceļ",
"2": "š",
"3": "1st",
"extrawidth": "-120"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ceļ",
"2": "š",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"drop-v": "",
"keep-s": "",
"x": "-120"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-1"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ceļš",
"10": "ceļiem",
"11": "ceļā",
"12": "ceļos",
"13": "ceļ",
"14": "ceļi",
"2": "ceļi",
"3": "ceļu",
"4": "ceļus",
"5": "ceļa",
"6": "ceļu",
"7": "ceļam",
"8": "ceļiem",
"9": "ceļu",
"type": "1st declension",
"x": "-120"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"Latvian first declension nouns",
"Latvian first declension nouns in -š",
"Latvian lemmas",
"Latvian masculine nouns",
"Latvian nouns",
"Latvian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latvian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latvian terms with audio links"
],
"glosses": [
"road, way"
],
"links": [
[
"road",
"road"
],
[
"way",
"way"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[tsɛʎʃ]"
},
{
"audio": "lv-riga-ceļš.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/Lv-riga-ce%C4%BC%C5%A1.ogg/Lv-riga-ce%C4%BC%C5%A1.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/Lv-riga-ce%C4%BC%C5%A1.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "ceļš"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latvian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.