"alus" meaning in Latvian

See alus in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: [alus] Audio: lv-riga-alus.ogg
Etymology: From Proto-Baltic *álu, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂elut- (“bitter”). A minority view considers the Latvian and Lithuanian terms to be ultimately borrowings from Germanic, via Old Prussian. Cognates include Lithuanian alùs, Old Prussian alu (“honey drink”), Old East Slavic олъ (olŭ, “strong drink”), Bulgarian олови́на (olovína, “beer yeast”), Slovene ôl (“beer”)|ol, Old English ealu, alu, English ale, Old Norse ǫl (“beer; feast”), Ancient Greek ἀλύδοιμος (alúdoimos, “bitter”). Etymology templates: {{inh|lv|bat-pro|*álu}} Proto-Baltic *álu, {{inh|lv|ine-pro|*h₂elut-|t=bitter}} Proto-Indo-European *h₂elut- (“bitter”), {{cog|gem}} Germanic, {{cog|prg|-}} Old Prussian, {{cog|lt|alùs}} Lithuanian alùs, {{cog|prg|alu|t=honey drink}} Old Prussian alu (“honey drink”), {{cog|orv|олъ|t=strong drink}} Old East Slavic олъ (olŭ, “strong drink”), {{cog|bg|олови́на|t=beer yeast}} Bulgarian олови́на (olovína, “beer yeast”), {{cog|sl|ôl|t=beer}} Slovene ôl (“beer”), {{cog|ang|ealu}} Old English ealu, {{cog|en|ale}} English ale, {{cog|non|ǫl|t=beer; feast}} Old Norse ǫl (“beer; feast”), {{cog|grc|ἀλύδοιμος|t=bitter}} Ancient Greek ἀλύδοιμος (alúdoimos, “bitter”) Head templates: {{head|lv|noun|g=m|g2=|head=|sort=}} alus m, {{lv-noun|m|3rd}} alus m (3rd declension) Inflection templates: {{lv-decl-noun|al|us|3rd|no-pl|extrawidth=-60}}, {{lv-decl-noun-3|al|us|4=no-pl|5=|6=|7=|8=|drop-v=|keep-s=|x=-60}}, {{lv-decl-noun-table|alus|-|alu|-|alus|-|alum|-|alu|-|alū|-|alus|-|type=3rd declension|x=-60}} Forms: declension-3 [table-tags], alus [nominative, singular], - [nominative, plural], alu [accusative, singular], - [accusative, plural], alus [genitive, singular], - [genitive, plural], alum [dative, singular], - [dative, plural], alu [instrumental, singular], - [instrumental, plural], alū [locative, singular], - [locative, plural], alus [singular, vocative], - [plural, vocative]
  1. beer (alcoholic beverage usually made with barley malt and hops) Wikipedia link: lv:alus Tags: declension-3, masculine Categories (topical): Beer Derived forms: alus darītava
    Sense id: en-alus-lv-noun-~r2kuUZu Categories (other): Latvian entries with incorrect language header, Latvian etymologies from LEV, Pages with 8 entries, Pages with entries, Pages with 8 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Pages with 8 entries: 14 20 1 1 0 2 3 4 3 1 7 2 0 1 2 1 14 21 1 1 1 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 13 19 1 1 0 2 3 6 4 1 10 2 0 1 2 0 13 20 1 1 1

Inflected forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "bat-pro",
        "3": "*álu"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Baltic *álu",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂elut-",
        "t": "bitter"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂elut- (“bitter”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem"
      },
      "expansion": "Germanic",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "prg",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Prussian",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "alùs"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian alùs",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "prg",
        "2": "alu",
        "t": "honey drink"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Prussian alu (“honey drink”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "orv",
        "2": "олъ",
        "t": "strong drink"
      },
      "expansion": "Old East Slavic олъ (olŭ, “strong drink”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bg",
        "2": "олови́на",
        "t": "beer yeast"
      },
      "expansion": "Bulgarian олови́на (olovína, “beer yeast”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sl",
        "2": "ôl",
        "t": "beer"
      },
      "expansion": "Slovene ôl (“beer”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ealu"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English ealu",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ale"
      },
      "expansion": "English ale",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "ǫl",
        "t": "beer; feast"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse ǫl (“beer; feast”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἀλύδοιμος",
        "t": "bitter"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ἀλύδοιμος (alúdoimos, “bitter”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Baltic *álu, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂elut- (“bitter”). A minority view considers the Latvian and Lithuanian terms to be ultimately borrowings from Germanic, via Old Prussian. Cognates include Lithuanian alùs, Old Prussian alu (“honey drink”), Old East Slavic олъ (olŭ, “strong drink”), Bulgarian олови́на (olovína, “beer yeast”), Slovene ôl (“beer”)|ol, Old English ealu, alu, English ale, Old Norse ǫl (“beer; feast”), Ancient Greek ἀλύδοιμος (alúdoimos, “bitter”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "declension-3",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lv-decl-noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "3rd declension",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "alus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "alu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "alus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "alum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "alu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "alū",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "alus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "alus m",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "3rd"
      },
      "expansion": "alus m (3rd declension)",
      "name": "lv-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "al",
        "2": "us",
        "3": "3rd",
        "4": "no-pl",
        "extrawidth": "-60"
      },
      "name": "lv-decl-noun"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "al",
        "2": "us",
        "4": "no-pl",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "drop-v": "",
        "keep-s": "",
        "x": "-60"
      },
      "name": "lv-decl-noun-3"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "alus",
        "10": "-",
        "11": "alū",
        "12": "-",
        "13": "alus",
        "14": "-",
        "2": "-",
        "3": "alu",
        "4": "-",
        "5": "alus",
        "6": "-",
        "7": "alum",
        "8": "-",
        "9": "alu",
        "type": "3rd declension",
        "x": "-60"
      },
      "name": "lv-decl-noun-table"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latvian",
  "lang_code": "lv",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 8 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "lv",
          "name": "Beer",
          "orig": "lv:Beer",
          "parents": [
            "Alcoholic beverages",
            "Beverages",
            "Recreational drugs",
            "Drinking",
            "Food and drink",
            "Liquids",
            "Drugs",
            "Human behaviour",
            "All topics",
            "Matter",
            "Pharmacology",
            "Human",
            "Fundamental",
            "Chemistry",
            "Nature",
            "Biochemistry",
            "Medicine",
            "Sciences",
            "Biology",
            "Healthcare",
            "Health",
            "Body"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 20 1 1 0 2 3 4 3 1 7 2 0 1 2 1 14 21 1 1 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 8 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 19 1 1 0 2 3 6 4 1 10 2 0 1 2 0 13 20 1 1 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "alus darītava"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "lager (literally, “light beer”)",
          "text": "gaišais alus",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "dark beer",
          "text": "tumšais alus",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "home beer",
          "text": "mājas alus",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "craft beer",
          "text": "amatnieku alus",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "honey beer",
          "text": "medalus",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "beer barrel, keg",
          "text": "alus muca",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "beer mug",
          "text": "alus kauss",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "brewery (literally, “beer making place”)",
          "text": "alus darītava",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "beer industry",
          "text": "alus rūpniecība",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to make (literally, “to do”), to brew (literally, “to boil”) beer",
          "text": "darīt, vārīt alu",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "in midsummer beer was brewed, and then a big, green clay jug went from mouth to mouth, covered with foam and full of (that) bitter, aromatic drink",
          "text": "Jāņiem tika brūvēts alus, un nu staigāja no mutes uz muti liela, zaļa māla krūze, putām pārsegta, rūgteni smaržīga dzēriena pilna",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "beer (alcoholic beverage usually made with barley malt and hops)"
      ],
      "id": "en-alus-lv-noun-~r2kuUZu",
      "links": [
        [
          "beer",
          "beer"
        ],
        [
          "alcoholic",
          "alcoholic#English"
        ],
        [
          "beverage",
          "beverage#English"
        ],
        [
          "usually",
          "usually#English"
        ],
        [
          "made",
          "make#English"
        ],
        [
          "barley",
          "barley#English"
        ],
        [
          "malt",
          "malt#English"
        ],
        [
          "hop",
          "hop#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "lv:alus"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[alus]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "lv-riga-alus.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/63/Lv-riga-alus.ogg/Lv-riga-alus.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/63/Lv-riga-alus.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "alus"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 8 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "alus darītava"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "bat-pro",
        "3": "*álu"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Baltic *álu",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂elut-",
        "t": "bitter"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂elut- (“bitter”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem"
      },
      "expansion": "Germanic",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "prg",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Prussian",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "alùs"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian alùs",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "prg",
        "2": "alu",
        "t": "honey drink"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Prussian alu (“honey drink”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "orv",
        "2": "олъ",
        "t": "strong drink"
      },
      "expansion": "Old East Slavic олъ (olŭ, “strong drink”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bg",
        "2": "олови́на",
        "t": "beer yeast"
      },
      "expansion": "Bulgarian олови́на (olovína, “beer yeast”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sl",
        "2": "ôl",
        "t": "beer"
      },
      "expansion": "Slovene ôl (“beer”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ealu"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English ealu",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ale"
      },
      "expansion": "English ale",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "ǫl",
        "t": "beer; feast"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse ǫl (“beer; feast”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἀλύδοιμος",
        "t": "bitter"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ἀλύδοιμος (alúdoimos, “bitter”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Baltic *álu, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂elut- (“bitter”). A minority view considers the Latvian and Lithuanian terms to be ultimately borrowings from Germanic, via Old Prussian. Cognates include Lithuanian alùs, Old Prussian alu (“honey drink”), Old East Slavic олъ (olŭ, “strong drink”), Bulgarian олови́на (olovína, “beer yeast”), Slovene ôl (“beer”)|ol, Old English ealu, alu, English ale, Old Norse ǫl (“beer; feast”), Ancient Greek ἀλύδοιμος (alúdoimos, “bitter”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "declension-3",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lv-decl-noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "3rd declension",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "alus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "alu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "alus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "alum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "alu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "alū",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "alus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "alus m",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "3rd"
      },
      "expansion": "alus m (3rd declension)",
      "name": "lv-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "al",
        "2": "us",
        "3": "3rd",
        "4": "no-pl",
        "extrawidth": "-60"
      },
      "name": "lv-decl-noun"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "al",
        "2": "us",
        "4": "no-pl",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "drop-v": "",
        "keep-s": "",
        "x": "-60"
      },
      "name": "lv-decl-noun-3"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "alus",
        "10": "-",
        "11": "alū",
        "12": "-",
        "13": "alus",
        "14": "-",
        "2": "-",
        "3": "alu",
        "4": "-",
        "5": "alus",
        "6": "-",
        "7": "alum",
        "8": "-",
        "9": "alu",
        "type": "3rd declension",
        "x": "-60"
      },
      "name": "lv-decl-noun-table"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latvian",
  "lang_code": "lv",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
        "Latvian lemmas",
        "Latvian masculine nouns",
        "Latvian noun forms",
        "Latvian nouns",
        "Latvian terms derived from Proto-Baltic",
        "Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Latvian terms inherited from Proto-Baltic",
        "Latvian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Latvian terms with usage examples",
        "Latvian third declension nouns",
        "Pages with 8 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "lv:Beer"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "lager (literally, “light beer”)",
          "text": "gaišais alus",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "dark beer",
          "text": "tumšais alus",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "home beer",
          "text": "mājas alus",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "craft beer",
          "text": "amatnieku alus",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "honey beer",
          "text": "medalus",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "beer barrel, keg",
          "text": "alus muca",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "beer mug",
          "text": "alus kauss",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "brewery (literally, “beer making place”)",
          "text": "alus darītava",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "beer industry",
          "text": "alus rūpniecība",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to make (literally, “to do”), to brew (literally, “to boil”) beer",
          "text": "darīt, vārīt alu",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "in midsummer beer was brewed, and then a big, green clay jug went from mouth to mouth, covered with foam and full of (that) bitter, aromatic drink",
          "text": "Jāņiem tika brūvēts alus, un nu staigāja no mutes uz muti liela, zaļa māla krūze, putām pārsegta, rūgteni smaržīga dzēriena pilna",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "beer (alcoholic beverage usually made with barley malt and hops)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "beer",
          "beer"
        ],
        [
          "alcoholic",
          "alcoholic#English"
        ],
        [
          "beverage",
          "beverage#English"
        ],
        [
          "usually",
          "usually#English"
        ],
        [
          "made",
          "make#English"
        ],
        [
          "barley",
          "barley#English"
        ],
        [
          "malt",
          "malt#English"
        ],
        [
          "hop",
          "hop#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "lv:alus"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[alus]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "lv-riga-alus.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/63/Lv-riga-alus.ogg/Lv-riga-alus.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/63/Lv-riga-alus.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "alus"
}

Download raw JSONL data for alus meaning in Latvian (6.4kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latvian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.