See ģimene in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "lt",
"3": "giminė",
"4": "giminė̃",
"5": "family; kin; genus; gender"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian giminė̃ (“family; kin; genus; gender”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷem-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷem-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xsv",
"2": "gimna",
"3": "",
"4": "family; uncles, their wives"
},
"expansion": "Sudovian gimna (“family; uncles, their wives”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Familie"
},
"expansion": "German Familie",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Lithuanian giminė̃ (“family; kin; genus; gender”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʷem-, the same root as the verb dzimt (“to be born”) (q.v.); cf. also Sudovian gimna (“family; uncles, their wives”). This borrowing is first attested in writings in the 1870s, with a broader range of meanings (“family, kin, generation, sex, gender”); the current meaning of “family” stabilized at the beginning of the 20th century. In the 1870s, Juris Alunāns attempted to correct it to dzimene (which would be the regular development if the word had not been borrowed), but this form never became popular. It replaced the previous borrowing famīlija (from German Familie).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "declension-5",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
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"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "5th declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ģimene",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ģimenes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
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"tags": [
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"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ģimenes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "ģimenes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ģimeņu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
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]
},
{
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]
},
{
"form": "ģimenēm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
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]
},
{
"form": "ģimeni",
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"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ģimenēm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ģimenē",
"source": "declension",
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]
},
{
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"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "ģimene",
"source": "declension",
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},
{
"form": "ģimenes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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]
}
],
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"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "ģimene f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "5th"
},
"expansion": "ģimene f (5th declension)",
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],
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"3": "5th",
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"6": "ņ",
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},
{
"args": {
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"7": "",
"8": "",
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"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-5"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ģimene",
"10": "ģimenēm",
"11": "ģimenē",
"12": "ģimenēs",
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"14": "ģimenes",
"2": "ģimenes",
"3": "ģimeni",
"4": "ģimenes",
"5": "ģimenes",
"6": "ģimeņu",
"7": "ģimenei",
"8": "ģimenēm",
"9": "ģimeni",
"type": "5th declension",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 46 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 15 46",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "lv",
"name": "Family",
"orig": "lv:Family",
"parents": [
"People",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "large (lit. many-children) family",
"text": "daudzbērnu ģimene",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "worker's family",
"text": "strādnieku ģimene",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "peasant family",
"text": "zemnieku ģimene",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "small families",
"text": "mazas ģimenes",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "harmonious family life",
"text": "saskanīga ģimenes dzīve",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "marital status (lit. family state)",
"text": "ģimenes stāvoklis",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "family budget",
"text": "ģimenes budžets",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "head of the family (= the family's breadwinner)",
"text": "ģimenes galva",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "family house",
"text": "ģimenes māja",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "married (lit. family) person, (usually a man)",
"text": "ģimenes cilvēks",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "family law (legislation concerning marriage, kinship, adoption, etc.)",
"text": "ģimenes tiesības",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "our family is big: father, mother and seven children",
"text": "mūsu ģimene ir liela: tētis, māmiņa un septiņi bērni",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "A. Upīts depicting in (his) novel “New Sources” the conflicts between the members of the Robežnieks family also portrayed the conflicts, typical of those times, in the process of disintegration of the patriarchal family",
"text": "A. Upīts romānā “Jauni Avoti”, tēlojot konfliktus starp Robežnieku ģimenes locekļiem, atspoguļo tam laikam raksturīgos konfliktus patriarhālās ģimenes iziruma apstākļos",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"family (group formed by a couple and their children (if any) living together; larger group of relatives living together)"
],
"id": "en-ģimene-lv-noun-pTGNlXth",
"links": [
[
"family",
"family"
],
[
"group",
"group#English"
],
[
"form",
"form#English"
],
[
"couple",
"couple#English"
],
[
"child",
"child#English"
],
[
"living",
"live#English"
],
[
"together",
"together#English"
],
[
"large",
"large#English"
],
[
"relative",
"relative#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-5",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 46 42",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "39 15 46",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "lv",
"name": "Family",
"orig": "lv:Family",
"parents": [
"People",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "today (they) discussed especially current issues: the increase of aminoacids in pork, the analysis of lines (= lineages) and families, and other important problems",
"text": "šodien pārrunā sevišķi aktuālas tēmas: aminoskābju palielināšana cūkgaļā, līniju un ģimeņu analīzes un citas svarīgas problemas",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a group of female animals descended from one breeder"
],
"id": "en-ģimene-lv-noun-~h0ZrdrV",
"links": [
[
"group",
"group"
],
[
"female",
"female"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
],
[
"descend",
"descend"
],
[
"breeder",
"breeder"
]
],
"qualifier": "livestock",
"raw_glosses": [
"(livestock) a group of female animals descended from one breeder"
],
"tags": [
"declension-5",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "lv",
"name": "Zoology",
"orig": "lv:Zoology",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "18 30 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "22 17 61",
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"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
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},
{
"_dis": "19 25 56",
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},
{
"_dis": "39 15 46",
"kind": "topical",
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"name": "Family",
"orig": "lv:Family",
"parents": [
"People",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 27 61",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "lv",
"name": "Livestock",
"orig": "lv:Livestock",
"parents": [
"Agriculture",
"Animals",
"Applied sciences",
"Lifeforms",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "stork family, family of storks",
"text": "stārķu ģimene",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "wild boar family, family of wild boars",
"text": "mežacūku ģimene",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "that which one usually considers a pack of wolves is actually a family of wolves: an old wolf couple and their wolflings of this year and of the previous year, who get together at the beginning of winter",
"text": "tas, ko parasti uzskata par vilku baru, īstenībā ir viena vilku ģimene: veco vilku pāris un viņu šā gada un pērnie vilcēni, kas ziemas sākumā sanāk kopā",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"family (a group of animals consisting of a male, a female and their offspring, living and eating together)"
],
"id": "en-ģimene-lv-noun-ZEeovvMc",
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"family",
"family"
],
[
"group",
"group#English"
],
[
"animal",
"animal#English"
],
[
"consist",
"consist#English"
],
[
"male",
"male#English"
],
[
"female",
"female#English"
],
[
"offspring",
"offspring#English"
],
[
"living",
"live#English"
],
[
"eat",
"eat#English"
],
[
"together",
"together#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) family (a group of animals consisting of a male, a female and their offspring, living and eating together)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "28 21 50",
"sense": "of \"extended family, \" \"kin group\"",
"word": "dzimta"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 21 50",
"sense": "of \"extended family, \" \"kin group\"",
"word": "ģints"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 19 57",
"sense": "dated term",
"word": "famīlija"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 14 53",
"sense": "obsolete form",
"word": "dzimene"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-5",
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɟimɛnɛ]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "44 11 44",
"sense": "of \"household, \" \"family + servants\"",
"word": "saime"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Juris Alunāns",
"lv:ģimene"
],
"word": "ģimene"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"Latvian feminine nouns",
"Latvian fifth declension nouns",
"Latvian lemmas",
"Latvian noun forms",
"Latvian nouns",
"Latvian terms borrowed from Lithuanian",
"Latvian terms derived from Lithuanian",
"Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
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],
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},
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"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷem-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷem-",
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"3": "",
"4": "family; uncles, their wives"
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{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Familie"
},
"expansion": "German Familie",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Lithuanian giminė̃ (“family; kin; genus; gender”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʷem-, the same root as the verb dzimt (“to be born”) (q.v.); cf. also Sudovian gimna (“family; uncles, their wives”). This borrowing is first attested in writings in the 1870s, with a broader range of meanings (“family, kin, generation, sex, gender”); the current meaning of “family” stabilized at the beginning of the 20th century. In the 1870s, Juris Alunāns attempted to correct it to dzimene (which would be the regular development if the word had not been borrowed), but this form never became popular. It replaced the previous borrowing famīlija (from German Familie).",
"forms": [
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"source": "declension",
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},
{
"form": "5th declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
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},
{
"form": "ģimene",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ģimenes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
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]
},
{
"form": "ģimeni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "ģimenes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "ģimenes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ģimeņu",
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"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ģimenei",
"source": "declension",
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"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ģimenēm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ģimeni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ģimenēm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ģimenē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ģimenēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ģimene",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ģimenes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
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]
}
],
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"g": "f",
"g2": "",
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"name": "head"
},
{
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"1": "f",
"2": "5th"
},
"expansion": "ģimene f (5th declension)",
"name": "lv-noun"
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],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"3": "5th",
"4": "",
"5": "n",
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"extrawidth": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
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"7": "",
"8": "",
"drop-v": "",
"keep-s": "",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-5"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ģimene",
"10": "ģimenēm",
"11": "ģimenē",
"12": "ģimenēs",
"13": "ģimene",
"14": "ģimenes",
"2": "ģimenes",
"3": "ģimeni",
"4": "ģimenes",
"5": "ģimenes",
"6": "ģimeņu",
"7": "ģimenei",
"8": "ģimenēm",
"9": "ģimeni",
"type": "5th declension",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "large (lit. many-children) family",
"text": "daudzbērnu ģimene",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "worker's family",
"text": "strādnieku ģimene",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "peasant family",
"text": "zemnieku ģimene",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "small families",
"text": "mazas ģimenes",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "harmonious family life",
"text": "saskanīga ģimenes dzīve",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "marital status (lit. family state)",
"text": "ģimenes stāvoklis",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "family budget",
"text": "ģimenes budžets",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "head of the family (= the family's breadwinner)",
"text": "ģimenes galva",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "family house",
"text": "ģimenes māja",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "married (lit. family) person, (usually a man)",
"text": "ģimenes cilvēks",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "family law (legislation concerning marriage, kinship, adoption, etc.)",
"text": "ģimenes tiesības",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "our family is big: father, mother and seven children",
"text": "mūsu ģimene ir liela: tētis, māmiņa un septiņi bērni",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "A. Upīts depicting in (his) novel “New Sources” the conflicts between the members of the Robežnieks family also portrayed the conflicts, typical of those times, in the process of disintegration of the patriarchal family",
"text": "A. Upīts romānā “Jauni Avoti”, tēlojot konfliktus starp Robežnieku ģimenes locekļiem, atspoguļo tam laikam raksturīgos konfliktus patriarhālās ģimenes iziruma apstākļos",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"family (group formed by a couple and their children (if any) living together; larger group of relatives living together)"
],
"links": [
[
"family",
"family"
],
[
"group",
"group#English"
],
[
"form",
"form#English"
],
[
"couple",
"couple#English"
],
[
"child",
"child#English"
],
[
"living",
"live#English"
],
[
"together",
"together#English"
],
[
"large",
"large#English"
],
[
"relative",
"relative#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-5",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "today (they) discussed especially current issues: the increase of aminoacids in pork, the analysis of lines (= lineages) and families, and other important problems",
"text": "šodien pārrunā sevišķi aktuālas tēmas: aminoskābju palielināšana cūkgaļā, līniju un ģimeņu analīzes un citas svarīgas problemas",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a group of female animals descended from one breeder"
],
"links": [
[
"group",
"group"
],
[
"female",
"female"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
],
[
"descend",
"descend"
],
[
"breeder",
"breeder"
]
],
"qualifier": "livestock",
"raw_glosses": [
"(livestock) a group of female animals descended from one breeder"
],
"tags": [
"declension-5",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples",
"lv:Zoology"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "stork family, family of storks",
"text": "stārķu ģimene",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "wild boar family, family of wild boars",
"text": "mežacūku ģimene",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "that which one usually considers a pack of wolves is actually a family of wolves: an old wolf couple and their wolflings of this year and of the previous year, who get together at the beginning of winter",
"text": "tas, ko parasti uzskata par vilku baru, īstenībā ir viena vilku ģimene: veco vilku pāris un viņu šā gada un pērnie vilcēni, kas ziemas sākumā sanāk kopā",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"family (a group of animals consisting of a male, a female and their offspring, living and eating together)"
],
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"family",
"family"
],
[
"group",
"group#English"
],
[
"animal",
"animal#English"
],
[
"consist",
"consist#English"
],
[
"male",
"male#English"
],
[
"female",
"female#English"
],
[
"offspring",
"offspring#English"
],
[
"living",
"live#English"
],
[
"eat",
"eat#English"
],
[
"together",
"together#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) family (a group of animals consisting of a male, a female and their offspring, living and eating together)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-5",
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɟimɛnɛ]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "of \"household, \" \"family + servants\"",
"word": "saime"
},
{
"sense": "of \"extended family, \" \"kin group\"",
"word": "dzimta"
},
{
"sense": "of \"extended family, \" \"kin group\"",
"word": "ģints"
},
{
"sense": "dated term",
"word": "famīlija"
},
{
"sense": "obsolete form",
"word": "dzimene"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Juris Alunāns",
"lv:ģimene"
],
"word": "ģimene"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ģimene meaning in Latvian (8.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latvian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.