See vassallus in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "vassallāticum"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "vassal"
},
"expansion": "Old French: vassal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: vassal"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "vassal"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: vassal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: vassal"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "vassal"
},
"expansion": "French: vassal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: vassal"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "vazal",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Czech: vazal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Czech: vazal"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "vasal",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Danish: vasal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Danish: vasal"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "wasal",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Polish: wasal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Polish: wasal"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "васса́л",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Russian: васса́л (vassál)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Russian: васса́л (vassál); вассальный (vassalʹnyj)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "վասալ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Armenian: վասալ (vasal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Armenian: վասալ (vasal)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "vàzāl",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Serbo-Croatian: vàzāl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Serbo-Croatian: vàzāl"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "vassa"
},
"expansion": "Norman: vassa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norman: vassa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "vassael",
"3": "vasael",
"4": "vasal",
"5": "vasseel",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle Dutch: vassael, vasael, vasal, vasseel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle Dutch: vassael, vasael, vasal, vasseel"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "vazal"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: vazal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: vazal"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "vassal",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: vassal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: vassal"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "vassal",
"3": "vasal"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: vassal, vasal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: vassal, vasal"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "vassal",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle High German: vassal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle High German: vassal"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "German: Vasall"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "vasalo"
},
"expansion": "Galician: vasalo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: vasalo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "vassallo"
},
"expansion": "Italian: vassallo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: vassallo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Occitan:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-oca",
"2": "vassall",
"3": "uassal",
"4": "uassall",
"5": "vasal"
},
"expansion": "Old Catalan: vassall, uassal, uassall, vasal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Catalan: vassall, uassal, uassall, vasal"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "vassall"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: vassall",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: vassall"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "vassal"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: vassal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: vassal"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "vassalo"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: vassalo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: vassalo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "vasal"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: vasal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: vasal"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": "vasallo",
"3": "uasallo",
"4": "uassallo",
"5": "uasiello",
"6": "vassallo"
},
"expansion": "Old Spanish: vasallo, uasallo, uassallo, uasiello, vassallo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Spanish: vasallo, uasallo, uassallo, uasiello, vassallo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "vasallo"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: vasallo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: vasallo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "vassaḍḍu"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: vassaḍḍu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: vassaḍḍu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "vasalli",
"3": "vasallius",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Finnish: vasalli, vasallius",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Finnish: vasalli, vasallius; vasallimaa; vasallivaltio"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "vazallus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hungarian: vazallus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hungarian: vazallus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "vasáilleach",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Irish: vasáilleach",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Irish: vasáilleach"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cel-gau",
"3": "*wassos",
"4": "",
"5": "young man, squire"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish *wassos (“young man, squire”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*uɸostos",
"4": "",
"5": "servant"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *uɸostos (“servant”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "foss"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish foss",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "gwas"
},
"expansion": "Welsh gwas",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Extended form of vassus, from Gaulish *wassos (“young man, squire”), from Proto-Celtic *uɸostos (“servant”) (compare Old Irish foss and Welsh gwas). The form vassus is first attested in the Salic Law of the 6th century, meaning “servant, serf”; “feudal vassal” is attested by the 9th century.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vassallī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "vassallus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vassallī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vassallī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vassallōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vassallō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vassallīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vassallum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vassallōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vassallō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vassallīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vassalle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "vassallī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vassallus<2>"
},
"expansion": "vassallus m (genitive vassallī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vassallus<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"servant, serf"
],
"id": "en-vassallus-la-noun-QMCn5gtX",
"links": [
[
"servant",
"servant"
],
[
"serf",
"serf"
]
],
"tags": [
"Medieval-Latin",
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 56",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 70",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Medieval Latin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 57",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Feudalism",
"orig": "la:Feudalism",
"parents": [
"Forms of government",
"Government",
"Politics",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"vassal"
],
"id": "en-vassallus-la-noun-zZkONQbA",
"links": [
[
"vassal",
"vassal"
]
],
"tags": [
"Medieval-Latin",
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/vasˈsal.lus/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[väsˈsälːus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "vasallus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "vassalus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "vassallis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "bassallus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "fasellus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "fassellus"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Salic Law"
],
"word": "vassallus"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 3-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin masculine nouns",
"Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin second declension nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Gaulish",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Latin terms with Ecclesiastical IPA pronunciation only",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Medieval Latin",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"la:Feudalism"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "vassallāticum"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "vassal"
},
"expansion": "Old French: vassal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: vassal"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "vassal"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: vassal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: vassal"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "vassal"
},
"expansion": "French: vassal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: vassal"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "vazal",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Czech: vazal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Czech: vazal"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "vasal",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Danish: vasal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Danish: vasal"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "wasal",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Polish: wasal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Polish: wasal"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "васса́л",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Russian: васса́л (vassál)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Russian: васса́л (vassál); вассальный (vassalʹnyj)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "վասալ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Armenian: վասալ (vasal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Armenian: վասալ (vasal)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "vàzāl",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Serbo-Croatian: vàzāl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Serbo-Croatian: vàzāl"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "vassa"
},
"expansion": "Norman: vassa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norman: vassa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "vassael",
"3": "vasael",
"4": "vasal",
"5": "vasseel",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle Dutch: vassael, vasael, vasal, vasseel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle Dutch: vassael, vasael, vasal, vasseel"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "vazal"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: vazal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: vazal"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "vassal",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: vassal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: vassal"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "vassal",
"3": "vasal"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: vassal, vasal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: vassal, vasal"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "vassal",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle High German: vassal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle High German: vassal"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "German: Vasall"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "vasalo"
},
"expansion": "Galician: vasalo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: vasalo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "vassallo"
},
"expansion": "Italian: vassallo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: vassallo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Occitan:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-oca",
"2": "vassall",
"3": "uassal",
"4": "uassall",
"5": "vasal"
},
"expansion": "Old Catalan: vassall, uassal, uassall, vasal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Catalan: vassall, uassal, uassall, vasal"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "vassall"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: vassall",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: vassall"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "vassal"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: vassal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: vassal"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "vassalo"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: vassalo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: vassalo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "vasal"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: vasal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: vasal"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": "vasallo",
"3": "uasallo",
"4": "uassallo",
"5": "uasiello",
"6": "vassallo"
},
"expansion": "Old Spanish: vasallo, uasallo, uassallo, uasiello, vassallo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Spanish: vasallo, uasallo, uassallo, uasiello, vassallo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "vasallo"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: vasallo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: vasallo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "vassaḍḍu"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: vassaḍḍu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: vassaḍḍu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "vasalli",
"3": "vasallius",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Finnish: vasalli, vasallius",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Finnish: vasalli, vasallius; vasallimaa; vasallivaltio"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "vazallus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hungarian: vazallus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hungarian: vazallus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "vasáilleach",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Irish: vasáilleach",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Irish: vasáilleach"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cel-gau",
"3": "*wassos",
"4": "",
"5": "young man, squire"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish *wassos (“young man, squire”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*uɸostos",
"4": "",
"5": "servant"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *uɸostos (“servant”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "foss"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish foss",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "gwas"
},
"expansion": "Welsh gwas",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Extended form of vassus, from Gaulish *wassos (“young man, squire”), from Proto-Celtic *uɸostos (“servant”) (compare Old Irish foss and Welsh gwas). The form vassus is first attested in the Salic Law of the 6th century, meaning “servant, serf”; “feudal vassal” is attested by the 9th century.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vassallī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "vassallus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vassallī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vassallī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vassallōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vassallō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vassallīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vassallum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vassallōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vassallō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vassallīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vassalle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "vassallī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vassallus<2>"
},
"expansion": "vassallus m (genitive vassallī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vassallus<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"servant, serf"
],
"links": [
[
"servant",
"servant"
],
[
"serf",
"serf"
]
],
"tags": [
"Medieval-Latin",
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"vassal"
],
"links": [
[
"vassal",
"vassal"
]
],
"tags": [
"Medieval-Latin",
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/vasˈsal.lus/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[väsˈsälːus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "vasallus"
},
{
"word": "vassalus"
},
{
"word": "vassallis"
},
{
"word": "bassallus"
},
{
"word": "fasellus"
},
{
"word": "fassellus"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Salic Law"
],
"word": "vassallus"
}
Download raw JSONL data for vassallus meaning in Latin (8.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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