See tenebra in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*temasro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *temasro",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*temH-s-ro",
"4": "",
"5": "dark"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *temH-s-ro (“dark”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*temH-",
"4": "",
"5": "dark"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *temH- (“dark”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "तमिस्र"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit तमिस्र (tamisra)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬙𐬄𐬚𐬭𐬀"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬙𐬄𐬚𐬭𐬀 (tąθra)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"t": "darkness",
"tr": "tʾr",
"ts": "tār"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian [script needed] (tʾr /tār/, “darkness”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "os",
"2": "тар"
},
"expansion": "Ossetian тар (tar)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "тьмьнъ"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic тьмьнъ (tĭmĭnŭ)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Arose by dissimilation from earlier *temebrai, arisen from Proto-Italic *temasro, from Proto-Indo-European *temH-s-ro (“dark”), a derivation from Proto-Indo-European *temH- (“dark”); cognate with Sanskrit तमिस्र (tamisra), Avestan 𐬙𐬄𐬚𐬭𐬀 (tąθra), Middle Persian [script needed] (tʾr /tār/, “darkness”), Ossetian тар (tar), and Old Church Slavonic тьмьнъ (tĭmĭnŭ).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tenebrae",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "tenebra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tenebrae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tenebrae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tenebrārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tenebrae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tenebrīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tenebram",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tenebrās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tenebrā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tenebrīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tenebra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tenebrae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tenebra<1>"
},
"expansion": "tenebra f (genitive tenebrae); first declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tenebra<1>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "darkness, shadow; ignorance; concealment",
"word": "tenebrae"
}
],
"glosses": [
"singular of tenebrae (“darkness, shadow; ignorance; concealment”)"
],
"id": "en-tenebra-la-noun-QVndIKYk",
"links": [
[
"tenebrae",
"tenebrae#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"feminine",
"form-of",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈtɛ.nɛ.bra]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈtɛː.ne.bra]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "tenebra"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*temasro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *temasro",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*temH-s-ro",
"4": "",
"5": "dark"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *temH-s-ro (“dark”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*temH-",
"4": "",
"5": "dark"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *temH- (“dark”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "तमिस्र"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit तमिस्र (tamisra)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬙𐬄𐬚𐬭𐬀"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬙𐬄𐬚𐬭𐬀 (tąθra)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"t": "darkness",
"tr": "tʾr",
"ts": "tār"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian [script needed] (tʾr /tār/, “darkness”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "os",
"2": "тар"
},
"expansion": "Ossetian тар (tar)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "тьмьнъ"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic тьмьнъ (tĭmĭnŭ)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Arose by dissimilation from earlier *temebrai, arisen from Proto-Italic *temasro, from Proto-Indo-European *temH-s-ro (“dark”), a derivation from Proto-Indo-European *temH- (“dark”); cognate with Sanskrit तमिस्र (tamisra), Avestan 𐬙𐬄𐬚𐬭𐬀 (tąθra), Middle Persian [script needed] (tʾr /tār/, “darkness”), Ossetian тар (tar), and Old Church Slavonic тьмьнъ (tĭmĭnŭ).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tenebrae",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "tenebra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tenebrae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tenebrae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tenebrārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tenebrae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tenebrīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tenebram",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tenebrās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tenebrā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tenebrīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tenebra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tenebrae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tenebra<1>"
},
"expansion": "tenebra f (genitive tenebrae); first declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tenebra<1>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin 3-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin feminine nouns",
"Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"Latin first declension nouns",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for native script for Middle Persian terms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "darkness, shadow; ignorance; concealment",
"word": "tenebrae"
}
],
"glosses": [
"singular of tenebrae (“darkness, shadow; ignorance; concealment”)"
],
"links": [
[
"tenebrae",
"tenebrae#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"feminine",
"form-of",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈtɛ.nɛ.bra]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈtɛː.ne.bra]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "tenebra"
}
Download raw JSONL data for tenebra meaning in Latin (3.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-01-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (96027d6 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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