"tenebra" meaning in All languages combined

See tenebra on Wiktionary

Noun [Catalan]

IPA: [təˈne.βɾə] [Central], [təˈne.bɾə] [Balearic], [teˈne.bɾa] [Valencia] Forms: tenebres [plural]
Etymology: Borrowed from Latin tenebra. Etymology templates: {{bor+|ca|la|tenebra}} Borrowed from Latin tenebra Head templates: {{ca-noun|f}} tenebra f (plural tenebres)
  1. profound darkness Tags: feminine
    Sense id: en-tenebra-ca-noun-xVFA5~zL
  2. (in the plural, Christianity) Tenebrae (Holy Week religious service) Tags: feminine, in-plural Categories (topical): Christianity
    Sense id: en-tenebra-ca-noun--GbxgkJD Categories (other): Catalan entries with incorrect language header, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Catalan entries with incorrect language header: 18 82 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 4 41 50 2 1 1 Topics: Christianity

Noun [Italian]

IPA: /ˈtɛ.ne.bra/ Forms: tenebre [plural]
Rhymes: -ɛnebra Etymology: From Latin tenebra. Etymology templates: {{uder|it|la|tenebra}} Latin tenebra Head templates: {{it-noun|f}} tenebra f (plural tenebre)
  1. (usually in the plural) darkness, gloom, night Tags: feminine, plural-normally
    Sense id: en-tenebra-it-noun-ReW59I3q Categories (other): Italian entries with incorrect language header, Italian undefined derivations, Pages with 3 entries, Pages with entries, Pages with 3 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Pages with 3 entries: 6 32 56 3 2 2 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 4 41 50 2 1 1

Noun [Latin]

IPA: /ˈte.ne.bra/ [Classical-Latin], [ˈt̪ɛnɛbrä] [Classical-Latin], /ˈte.ne.bra/ (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical), [ˈt̪ɛːnebrä] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)
Etymology: Arose by dissimilation from earlier *temebrai, arisen from Proto-Italic *temasro, from Proto-Indo-European *temH-s-ro (“dark”), a derivation from Proto-Indo-European *temH- (“dark”); cognate with Sanskrit तमिस्र (tamisra), Avestan 𐬙𐬄𐬚𐬭𐬀 (tąθra), Middle Persian [script needed] (tʾr /⁠tār⁠/, “darkness”), Ossetian тар (tar), and Old Church Slavonic тьмьнъ (tĭmĭnŭ). Etymology templates: {{inh|la|itc-pro|*temasro}} Proto-Italic *temasro, {{inh|la|ine-pro|*temH-s-ro||dark}} Proto-Indo-European *temH-s-ro (“dark”), {{der|la|ine-pro|*temH-||dark}} Proto-Indo-European *temH- (“dark”), {{cog|sa|तमिस्र}} Sanskrit तमिस्र (tamisra), {{cog|ae|𐬙𐬄𐬚𐬭𐬀}} Avestan 𐬙𐬄𐬚𐬭𐬀 (tąθra), {{cog|pal|t=darkness|tr=tʾr|ts=tār}} Middle Persian [script needed] (tʾr /⁠tār⁠/, “darkness”), {{cog|os|тар}} Ossetian тар (tar), {{cog|cu|тьмьнъ}} Old Church Slavonic тьмьнъ (tĭmĭnŭ) Head templates: {{la-noun|tenebra<1>}} tenebra f (genitive tenebrae); first declension Inflection templates: {{la-ndecl|tenebra<1>}} Forms: tenebrae [genitive], no-table-tags [table-tags], tenebra [nominative, singular], tenebrae [nominative, plural], tenebrae [genitive, singular], tenebrārum [genitive, plural], tenebrae [dative, singular], tenebrīs [dative, plural], tenebram [accusative, singular], tenebrās [accusative, plural], tenebrā [ablative, singular], tenebrīs [ablative, plural], tenebra [singular, vocative], tenebrae [plural, vocative]
  1. (in the plural) darkness, shadow, gloom, obscurity Tags: declension-1, feminine, in-plural
    Sense id: en-tenebra-la-noun-vPh-3G1f Categories (other): Latin entries with incorrect language header, Latin feminine nouns in the first declension Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 46 36 18 Disambiguation of Latin feminine nouns in the first declension: 31 34 34
  2. ignorance Tags: declension-1, feminine
    Sense id: en-tenebra-la-noun-9d~FkAod Categories (other): Latin feminine nouns in the first declension Disambiguation of Latin feminine nouns in the first declension: 31 34 34
  3. concealment Tags: declension-1, feminine
    Sense id: en-tenebra-la-noun-gyXlpJsg Categories (other): Latin feminine nouns in the first declension Disambiguation of Latin feminine nouns in the first declension: 31 34 34

Inflected forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ca",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "tenebra"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Latin tenebra",
      "name": "bor+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin tenebra.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "tenebres",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "tenebra f (plural tenebres)",
      "name": "ca-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Catalan",
  "lang_code": "ca",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Authentic drama doesn't reside in the heart of darkness but in the darkness of the heart.",
          "text": "L'autèntic drama no habita en el cor de les tenebres, sinó en les tenebres del cor.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "profound darkness"
      ],
      "id": "en-tenebra-ca-noun-xVFA5~zL",
      "links": [
        [
          "darkness",
          "darkness"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ca",
          "name": "Christianity",
          "orig": "ca:Christianity",
          "parents": [
            "Abrahamism",
            "Religion",
            "Culture",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 82",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 41 50 2 1 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Tenebrae (Holy Week religious service)"
      ],
      "id": "en-tenebra-ca-noun--GbxgkJD",
      "links": [
        [
          "Christianity",
          "Christianity"
        ],
        [
          "Tenebrae",
          "Tenebrae"
        ],
        [
          "Holy Week",
          "Holy Week#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(in the plural, Christianity) Tenebrae (Holy Week religious service)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "in-plural"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "Christianity"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[təˈne.βɾə]",
      "tags": [
        "Central"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[təˈne.bɾə]",
      "tags": [
        "Balearic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[teˈne.bɾa]",
      "tags": [
        "Valencia"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "tenebra"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "tenebra"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin tenebra",
      "name": "uder"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Latin tenebra.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "tenebre",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "tenebra f (plural tenebre)",
      "name": "it-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "tè‧ne‧bra"
  ],
  "lang": "Italian",
  "lang_code": "it",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian undefined derivations",
          "parents": [
            "Undefined derivations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 32 56 3 2 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 41 50 2 1 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "darkness, gloom, night"
      ],
      "id": "en-tenebra-it-noun-ReW59I3q",
      "links": [
        [
          "darkness",
          "darkness"
        ],
        [
          "gloom",
          "gloom"
        ],
        [
          "night",
          "night"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(usually in the plural) darkness, gloom, night"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural-normally"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈtɛ.ne.bra/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛnebra"
    }
  ],
  "word": "tenebra"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gl",
            "2": "tebras"
          },
          "expansion": "Galician: tebras",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Galician: tebras"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pt",
            "2": "treva"
          },
          "expansion": "Portuguese: treva",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Portuguese: treva"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "es",
            "2": "tiniebla"
          },
          "expansion": "Spanish: tiniebla",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Spanish: tiniebla"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ca",
            "2": "tenebra",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Catalan: tenebra",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Catalan: tenebra"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "ténèbres",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ French: ténèbres",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ French: ténèbres"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ro",
            "2": "tenebră",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Romanian: tenebră",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Romanian: tenebră"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "tenebrose",
            "3": "tenebrous",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: tenebrose, tenebrous",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: tenebrose, tenebrous"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "tenebra",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Italian: tenebra",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Italian: tenebra"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pt",
            "2": "tênebra",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Portuguese: tênebra",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Portuguese: tênebra"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*temasro"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *temasro",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*temH-s-ro",
        "4": "",
        "5": "dark"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *temH-s-ro (“dark”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*temH-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "dark"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *temH- (“dark”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "तमिस्र"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit तमिस्र (tamisra)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬙𐬄𐬚𐬭𐬀"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬙𐬄𐬚𐬭𐬀 (tąθra)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pal",
        "t": "darkness",
        "tr": "tʾr",
        "ts": "tār"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Persian [script needed] (tʾr /⁠tār⁠/, “darkness”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "os",
        "2": "тар"
      },
      "expansion": "Ossetian тар (tar)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cu",
        "2": "тьмьнъ"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic тьмьнъ (tĭmĭnŭ)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Arose by dissimilation from earlier *temebrai, arisen from Proto-Italic *temasro, from Proto-Indo-European *temH-s-ro (“dark”), a derivation from Proto-Indo-European *temH- (“dark”); cognate with Sanskrit तमिस्र (tamisra), Avestan 𐬙𐬄𐬚𐬭𐬀 (tąθra), Middle Persian [script needed] (tʾr /⁠tār⁠/, “darkness”), Ossetian тар (tar), and Old Church Slavonic тьмьнъ (tĭmĭnŭ).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "tenebrae",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenebra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenebrae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenebrae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenebrārum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenebrae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenebrīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenebram",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenebrās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenebrā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenebrīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenebra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenebrae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tenebra<1>"
      },
      "expansion": "tenebra f (genitive tenebrae); first declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tenebra<1>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "46 36 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "31 34 34",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "And the earth was void and empty, and darkness was upon the face of the deep; and the spirit of God moved over the waters.",
          "ref": "405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Genesis.1.2",
          "text": "Terra autem erat inānis et vacua, et tenebrae erant super faciem abyssī: et spīritus Deī ferēbātur super aquās."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "darkness, shadow, gloom, obscurity"
      ],
      "id": "en-tenebra-la-noun-vPh-3G1f",
      "links": [
        [
          "darkness",
          "darkness"
        ],
        [
          "shadow",
          "shadow"
        ],
        [
          "gloom",
          "gloom"
        ],
        [
          "obscurity",
          "obscurity"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(in the plural) darkness, shadow, gloom, obscurity"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-1",
        "feminine",
        "in-plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "31 34 34",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ignorance"
      ],
      "id": "en-tenebra-la-noun-9d~FkAod",
      "links": [
        [
          "ignorance",
          "ignorance"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-1",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "31 34 34",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "concealment"
      ],
      "id": "en-tenebra-la-noun-gyXlpJsg",
      "links": [
        [
          "concealment",
          "concealment"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-1",
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈte.ne.bra/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈt̪ɛnɛbrä]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈte.ne.bra/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈt̪ɛːnebrä]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "tenebra"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Catalan countable nouns",
    "Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
    "Catalan feminine nouns",
    "Catalan lemmas",
    "Catalan nouns",
    "Catalan terms borrowed from Latin",
    "Catalan terms derived from Latin",
    "Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Requests for native script for Middle Persian terms"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ca",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "tenebra"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Latin tenebra",
      "name": "bor+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin tenebra.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "tenebres",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "tenebra f (plural tenebres)",
      "name": "ca-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Catalan",
  "lang_code": "ca",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Catalan terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Authentic drama doesn't reside in the heart of darkness but in the darkness of the heart.",
          "text": "L'autèntic drama no habita en el cor de les tenebres, sinó en les tenebres del cor.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "profound darkness"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "darkness",
          "darkness"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "ca:Christianity"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Tenebrae (Holy Week religious service)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Christianity",
          "Christianity"
        ],
        [
          "Tenebrae",
          "Tenebrae"
        ],
        [
          "Holy Week",
          "Holy Week#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(in the plural, Christianity) Tenebrae (Holy Week religious service)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "in-plural"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "Christianity"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[təˈne.βɾə]",
      "tags": [
        "Central"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[təˈne.bɾə]",
      "tags": [
        "Balearic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[teˈne.bɾa]",
      "tags": [
        "Valencia"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "tenebra"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Requests for native script for Middle Persian terms"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "tenebra"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin tenebra",
      "name": "uder"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Latin tenebra.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "tenebre",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "tenebra f (plural tenebre)",
      "name": "it-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "tè‧ne‧bra"
  ],
  "lang": "Italian",
  "lang_code": "it",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Italian 3-syllable words",
        "Italian countable nouns",
        "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Italian feminine nouns",
        "Italian lemmas",
        "Italian nouns",
        "Italian terms derived from Latin",
        "Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Italian undefined derivations",
        "Pages with 3 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Rhymes:Italian/ɛnebra",
        "Rhymes:Italian/ɛnebra/3 syllables"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "darkness, gloom, night"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "darkness",
          "darkness"
        ],
        [
          "gloom",
          "gloom"
        ],
        [
          "night",
          "night"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(usually in the plural) darkness, gloom, night"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural-normally"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈtɛ.ne.bra/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛnebra"
    }
  ],
  "word": "tenebra"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 3-syllable words",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin feminine nouns",
    "Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
    "Latin first declension nouns",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin nouns",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
    "Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Requests for native script for Middle Persian terms"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gl",
            "2": "tebras"
          },
          "expansion": "Galician: tebras",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Galician: tebras"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pt",
            "2": "treva"
          },
          "expansion": "Portuguese: treva",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Portuguese: treva"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "es",
            "2": "tiniebla"
          },
          "expansion": "Spanish: tiniebla",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Spanish: tiniebla"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ca",
            "2": "tenebra",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Catalan: tenebra",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Catalan: tenebra"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "ténèbres",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ French: ténèbres",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ French: ténèbres"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ro",
            "2": "tenebră",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Romanian: tenebră",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Romanian: tenebră"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "tenebrose",
            "3": "tenebrous",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: tenebrose, tenebrous",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: tenebrose, tenebrous"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "tenebra",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Italian: tenebra",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Italian: tenebra"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pt",
            "2": "tênebra",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Portuguese: tênebra",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Portuguese: tênebra"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*temasro"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *temasro",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*temH-s-ro",
        "4": "",
        "5": "dark"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *temH-s-ro (“dark”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*temH-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "dark"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *temH- (“dark”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "तमिस्र"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit तमिस्र (tamisra)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬙𐬄𐬚𐬭𐬀"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬙𐬄𐬚𐬭𐬀 (tąθra)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pal",
        "t": "darkness",
        "tr": "tʾr",
        "ts": "tār"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Persian [script needed] (tʾr /⁠tār⁠/, “darkness”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "os",
        "2": "тар"
      },
      "expansion": "Ossetian тар (tar)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cu",
        "2": "тьмьнъ"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic тьмьнъ (tĭmĭnŭ)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Arose by dissimilation from earlier *temebrai, arisen from Proto-Italic *temasro, from Proto-Indo-European *temH-s-ro (“dark”), a derivation from Proto-Indo-European *temH- (“dark”); cognate with Sanskrit तमिस्र (tamisra), Avestan 𐬙𐬄𐬚𐬭𐬀 (tąθra), Middle Persian [script needed] (tʾr /⁠tār⁠/, “darkness”), Ossetian тар (tar), and Old Church Slavonic тьмьнъ (tĭmĭnŭ).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "tenebrae",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenebra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenebrae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenebrae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenebrārum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenebrae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenebrīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenebram",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenebrās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenebrā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenebrīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenebra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tenebrae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tenebra<1>"
      },
      "expansion": "tenebra f (genitive tenebrae); first declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tenebra<1>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latin terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "And the earth was void and empty, and darkness was upon the face of the deep; and the spirit of God moved over the waters.",
          "ref": "405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Genesis.1.2",
          "text": "Terra autem erat inānis et vacua, et tenebrae erant super faciem abyssī: et spīritus Deī ferēbātur super aquās."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "darkness, shadow, gloom, obscurity"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "darkness",
          "darkness"
        ],
        [
          "shadow",
          "shadow"
        ],
        [
          "gloom",
          "gloom"
        ],
        [
          "obscurity",
          "obscurity"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(in the plural) darkness, shadow, gloom, obscurity"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-1",
        "feminine",
        "in-plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "ignorance"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ignorance",
          "ignorance"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-1",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "concealment"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "concealment",
          "concealment"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-1",
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈte.ne.bra/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈt̪ɛnɛbrä]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈte.ne.bra/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈt̪ɛːnebrä]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "tenebra"
}

Download raw JSONL data for tenebra meaning in All languages combined (8.9kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (05fdf6b and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.