See superficialis in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "superficial"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "superficial"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "superficiel"
},
{
"lang": "Friulian",
"lang_code": "fur",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "superficiâl"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "superficiale"
},
{
"lang": "Piedmontese",
"lang_code": "pms",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "superficial"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "superficial"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "superficial"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "superficial"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": ":af",
"3": "superficiēs<t:top, surface>",
"4": "-ālis<t:-al><pos:adjectival suffix>",
"text": "+",
"title": "superficiālis",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nLatin superficiēs\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-der.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālis\nLatin superficiālis\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"grow\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂el-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ālis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\", \"pos\" : \"adjectival suffix\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"superficiālis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"superficiālis\">\nFrom superficiēs (“top, surface”) + -ālis (“-al”, adjectival suffix).",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nLatin superficiēs\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-der.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālis\nLatin superficiālis\nFrom superficiēs (“top, surface”) + -ālis (“-al”, adjectival suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "superficiālis",
"head_nr": 1,
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "superficiāle",
"head_nr": 1,
"links": [
[
"superficiāle",
"superficiale"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-adecl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "superficiālis",
"links": [
[
"superficiālis",
"superficialis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "superficiāle",
"links": [
[
"superficiāle",
"superficiale#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "superficiālēs",
"links": [
[
"superficiālēs",
"superficiales#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "superficiālia",
"links": [
[
"superficiālia",
"superficialia#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "superficiālis",
"links": [
[
"superficiālis",
"superficialis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "superficiālium",
"links": [
[
"superficiālium",
"superficialium#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "superficiālī",
"links": [
[
"superficiālī",
"superficiali#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "superficiālibus",
"links": [
[
"superficiālibus",
"superficialibus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "superficiālem",
"links": [
[
"superficiālem",
"superficialem#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "superficiāle",
"links": [
[
"superficiāle",
"superficiale#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "superficiālīs",
"links": [
[
"superficiālīs",
"superficialis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "superficiālēs",
"links": [
[
"superficiālēs",
"superficiales#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "superficiālia",
"links": [
[
"superficiālia",
"superficialia#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "superficiālī",
"links": [
[
"superficiālī",
"superficiali#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "superficiālibus",
"links": [
[
"superficiālibus",
"superficialibus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "superficiālis",
"links": [
[
"superficiālis",
"superficialis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "superficiāle",
"links": [
[
"superficiāle",
"superficiale#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "superficiālēs",
"links": [
[
"superficiālēs",
"superficiales#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "superficiālia",
"links": [
[
"superficiālia",
"superficialia#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "suꝑficiālis",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Medieval-Latin"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "superficiālis"
},
"expansion": "superficiālis (neuter superficiāle); third-declension two-termination adjective",
"name": "la-adj"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "Late Latin"
},
"expansion": "(Late Latin)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "superficiālis"
},
"name": "la-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "faciēs"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "superficiārius"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "superficiēs"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"of or pertaining to the surface; superficial"
],
"head_nr": 1,
"id": "en-superficialis-la-adj-7CNqnoGY",
"links": [
[
"surface",
"surface"
],
[
"superficial",
"superficial"
]
],
"qualifier": "literal",
"raw_glosses": [
"(literal) of or pertaining to the surface; superficial"
],
"tags": [
"Late-Latin",
"declension-3",
"two-termination"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 70",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Late Latin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 92",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries referencing missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 94",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 94",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 94",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 86",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin terms prefixed with super-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 86",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin terms suffixed with -alis",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 83",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin third declension adjectives of two terminations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 96",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 98",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 98",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 95",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"superficial"
],
"head_nr": 1,
"id": "en-superficialis-la-adj-cH7L--6c",
"links": [
[
"superficial",
"superficial"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) superficial"
],
"tags": [
"Late-Latin",
"declension-3",
"figuratively",
"two-termination"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[sʊ.pɛr.fɪ.kiˈaː.lɪs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[su.per.fi.t͡ʃiˈaː.lis]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "superficialis"
}
{
"categories": [
"Late Latin",
"Latin 6-syllable words",
"Latin adjectives",
"Latin entries referencing missing etymons",
"Latin entries with etymology texts",
"Latin entries with etymology trees",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂el- (grow)",
"Latin terms prefixed with super-",
"Latin terms suffixed with -alis",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin third declension adjectives",
"Latin third declension adjectives of two terminations",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Requests for quotations in Latin"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "superficial"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "superficial"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "superficiel"
},
{
"lang": "Friulian",
"lang_code": "fur",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "superficiâl"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "superficiale"
},
{
"lang": "Piedmontese",
"lang_code": "pms",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "superficial"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "superficial"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "superficial"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "superficial"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": ":af",
"3": "superficiēs<t:top, surface>",
"4": "-ālis<t:-al><pos:adjectival suffix>",
"text": "+",
"title": "superficiālis",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nLatin superficiēs\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-der.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālis\nLatin superficiālis\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"grow\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂el-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ālis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\", \"pos\" : \"adjectival suffix\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"superficiālis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"superficiālis\">\nFrom superficiēs (“top, surface”) + -ālis (“-al”, adjectival suffix).",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nLatin superficiēs\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-der.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālis\nLatin superficiālis\nFrom superficiēs (“top, surface”) + -ālis (“-al”, adjectival suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "superficiālis",
"head_nr": 1,
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "superficiāle",
"head_nr": 1,
"links": [
[
"superficiāle",
"superficiale"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-adecl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "superficiālis",
"links": [
[
"superficiālis",
"superficialis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "superficiāle",
"links": [
[
"superficiāle",
"superficiale#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "superficiālēs",
"links": [
[
"superficiālēs",
"superficiales#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "superficiālia",
"links": [
[
"superficiālia",
"superficialia#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "superficiālis",
"links": [
[
"superficiālis",
"superficialis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "superficiālium",
"links": [
[
"superficiālium",
"superficialium#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "superficiālī",
"links": [
[
"superficiālī",
"superficiali#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "superficiālibus",
"links": [
[
"superficiālibus",
"superficialibus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "superficiālem",
"links": [
[
"superficiālem",
"superficialem#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "superficiāle",
"links": [
[
"superficiāle",
"superficiale#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "superficiālīs",
"links": [
[
"superficiālīs",
"superficialis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "superficiālēs",
"links": [
[
"superficiālēs",
"superficiales#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "superficiālia",
"links": [
[
"superficiālia",
"superficialia#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "superficiālī",
"links": [
[
"superficiālī",
"superficiali#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "superficiālibus",
"links": [
[
"superficiālibus",
"superficialibus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "superficiālis",
"links": [
[
"superficiālis",
"superficialis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "superficiāle",
"links": [
[
"superficiāle",
"superficiale#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "superficiālēs",
"links": [
[
"superficiālēs",
"superficiales#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "superficiālia",
"links": [
[
"superficiālia",
"superficialia#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "suꝑficiālis",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Medieval-Latin"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "superficiālis"
},
"expansion": "superficiālis (neuter superficiāle); third-declension two-termination adjective",
"name": "la-adj"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "Late Latin"
},
"expansion": "(Late Latin)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "superficiālis"
},
"name": "la-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "faciēs"
},
{
"word": "superficiārius"
},
{
"word": "superficiēs"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"of or pertaining to the surface; superficial"
],
"head_nr": 1,
"links": [
[
"surface",
"surface"
],
[
"superficial",
"superficial"
]
],
"qualifier": "literal",
"raw_glosses": [
"(literal) of or pertaining to the surface; superficial"
],
"tags": [
"Late-Latin",
"declension-3",
"two-termination"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"superficial"
],
"head_nr": 1,
"links": [
[
"superficial",
"superficial"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) superficial"
],
"tags": [
"Late-Latin",
"declension-3",
"figuratively",
"two-termination"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[sʊ.pɛr.fɪ.kiˈaː.lɪs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[su.per.fi.t͡ʃiˈaː.lis]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "superficialis"
}
Download raw JSONL data for superficialis meaning in Latin (7.5kB)
{
"called_from": "page/1713/20221215",
"msg": "later head without list of senses,template node #, superficialis/Latin",
"path": [
"superficialis"
],
"section": "Latin",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "superficialis",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-06-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-06-01 using wiktextract (ade7ec3 and 7f4db16). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.