See rusca in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "rusc"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "ruche"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Rüsche"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "ruche"
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "riusza"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "ruche"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "rusche"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrm",
"word": "ruche"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "rusche"
},
{
"lang": "Old Occitan",
"lang_code": "pro",
"word": "rusca"
},
{
"lang": "Lombard",
"lang_code": "lmo",
"word": "rusca"
},
{
"lang": "Lombard",
"lang_code": "lmo",
"word": "rusc"
},
{
"lang": "Piedmontese",
"lang_code": "pms",
"word": "rusca"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
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{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "cel-gau:rūsca<ety:inh<cel-pro:*rūskos<t:bark>>>",
"id": "bark",
"text": "++",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *Hrew-der.\nProto-Indo-European *h₃rewk-\nProto-Celtic *rukskos\nProto-Celtic *rūskos\nGaulish rūscabor.\nLatin rusca\nBorrowed from Gaulish rūsca, from Proto-Celtic *rūskos (“bark”), from *rukskos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rewk- (“to dig up”), from *Hrew- (“to tear out, dig out”).",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *Hrew-der.\nProto-Indo-European *h₃rewk-\nProto-Celtic *rukskos\nProto-Celtic *rūskos\nGaulish rūscabor.\nLatin rusca\nBorrowed from Gaulish rūsca, from Proto-Celtic *rūskos (“bark”), from *rukskos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rewk- (“to dig up”), from *Hrew- (“to tear out, dig out”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rūsca",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "rūscae",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rūsca",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūscae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūscae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūscārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūscae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūscīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūscam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūscās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūscā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūscīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūsca",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rūscae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "rūsca f (genitive rūscae); first declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rūsca<1>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Medieval Latin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bark"
],
"id": "en-rusca-la-noun-FOplB2Rc",
"links": [
[
"bark",
"bark"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Medieval Latin) bark"
],
"tags": [
"Medieval-Latin",
"declension-1"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈruːs.ka]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈrus.ka]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "rusca"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "rusca",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 70",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "ruscum"
}
],
"glosses": [
"nominative/accusative/vocative plural of ruscum"
],
"id": "en-rusca-la-noun-m~KLYgNt",
"links": [
[
"ruscum",
"ruscum#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"form-of",
"nominative",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈruːs.ka]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈrus.ka]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "rusca"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with etymology texts",
"Latin entries with etymology trees",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin feminine nouns",
"Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"Latin first declension nouns",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin non-lemma forms",
"Latin noun forms",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin terms borrowed from Gaulish",
"Latin terms derived from Gaulish",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *Hrew-",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₃rewk-",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with inline etymon for redlinks"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "rusc"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "ruche"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Rüsche"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "ruche"
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "riusza"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "ruche"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "rusche"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrm",
"word": "ruche"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "rusche"
},
{
"lang": "Old Occitan",
"lang_code": "pro",
"word": "rusca"
},
{
"lang": "Lombard",
"lang_code": "lmo",
"word": "rusca"
},
{
"lang": "Lombard",
"lang_code": "lmo",
"word": "rusc"
},
{
"lang": "Piedmontese",
"lang_code": "pms",
"word": "rusca"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
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{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "cel-gau:rūsca<ety:inh<cel-pro:*rūskos<t:bark>>>",
"id": "bark",
"text": "++",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *Hrew-der.\nProto-Indo-European *h₃rewk-\nProto-Celtic *rukskos\nProto-Celtic *rūskos\nGaulish rūscabor.\nLatin rusca\nBorrowed from Gaulish rūsca, from Proto-Celtic *rūskos (“bark”), from *rukskos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rewk- (“to dig up”), from *Hrew- (“to tear out, dig out”).",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *Hrew-der.\nProto-Indo-European *h₃rewk-\nProto-Celtic *rukskos\nProto-Celtic *rūskos\nGaulish rūscabor.\nLatin rusca\nBorrowed from Gaulish rūsca, from Proto-Celtic *rūskos (“bark”), from *rukskos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rewk- (“to dig up”), from *Hrew- (“to tear out, dig out”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rūsca",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "rūscae",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rūsca",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūscae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūscae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūscārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūscae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūscīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūscam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūscās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūscā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rūscīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rūsca",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rūscae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rūsca<1>"
},
"expansion": "rūsca f (genitive rūscae); first declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rūsca<1>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Medieval Latin"
],
"glosses": [
"bark"
],
"links": [
[
"bark",
"bark"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Medieval Latin) bark"
],
"tags": [
"Medieval-Latin",
"declension-1"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈruːs.ka]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈrus.ka]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "rusca"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin non-lemma forms",
"Latin noun forms",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "rusca",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "ruscum"
}
],
"glosses": [
"nominative/accusative/vocative plural of ruscum"
],
"links": [
[
"ruscum",
"ruscum#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"form-of",
"nominative",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈruːs.ka]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈrus.ka]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "rusca"
}
Download raw JSONL data for rusca meaning in Latin (5.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-02-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (f492ef9 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.