"praesum" meaning in Latin

See praesum in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /ˈprae̯.sum/ [Classical], [ˈpräe̯s̠ʊ̃ˑ] [Classical], /ˈpre.sum/ (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical), [ˈprɛːs̬um] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)
Etymology: From prae- + sum. Etymology templates: {{prefix|la|prae|sum}} prae- + sum Head templates: {{la-verb|irreg|praesum}} praesum (present infinitive praeesse, perfect active praefuī, future participle praefutūrus); irregular conjugation, irregular, no passive, no supine stem except in the future active participle Inflection templates: {{la-conj|irreg|praesum}} Forms: praesum [canonical], irregular conjugation [canonical], no passive [canonical], no supine stem except in the future active participle [canonical], praeesse [infinitive, present], praefuī [active, perfect], praefutūrus [future, participle], irregular no-supine [table-tags], praesum [active, first-person, indicative, present, singular], praees [active, indicative, present, second-person, singular], praeest [active, indicative, present, singular, third-person], praesumus [active, first-person, indicative, plural, present], praeestis [active, indicative, plural, present, second-person], praesunt [active, indicative, plural, present, third-person], praeeram [active, first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], praeerās [active, imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], praeerat [active, imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], praeerāmus [active, first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], praeerātis [active, imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], praeerant [active, imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], praeerō [active, first-person, future, indicative, singular], praeeris [active, future, indicative, second-person, singular], praeere [active, future, indicative, second-person, singular], praeerit [active, future, indicative, singular, third-person], praeerimus [active, first-person, future, indicative, plural], praeeritis [active, future, indicative, plural, second-person], praeerunt [active, future, indicative, plural, third-person], praefuī [active, first-person, indicative, perfect, singular], praefuistī [active, indicative, perfect, second-person, singular], praefuit [active, indicative, perfect, singular, third-person], praefuimus [active, first-person, indicative, perfect, plural], praefuistis [active, indicative, perfect, plural, second-person], praefuērunt [active, indicative, perfect, plural, third-person], praefuēre [active, indicative, perfect, plural, third-person], praefueram [active, first-person, indicative, pluperfect, singular], praefuerās [active, indicative, pluperfect, second-person, singular], praefuerat [active, indicative, pluperfect, singular, third-person], praefuerāmus [active, first-person, indicative, pluperfect, plural], praefuerātis [active, indicative, pluperfect, plural, second-person], praefuerant [active, indicative, pluperfect, plural, third-person], praefuerō [active, first-person, future, indicative, perfect, singular], praefueris [active, future, indicative, perfect, second-person, singular], praefuerit [active, future, indicative, perfect, singular, third-person], praefuerimus [active, first-person, future, indicative, perfect, plural], praefueritis [active, future, indicative, perfect, plural, second-person], praefuerint [active, future, indicative, perfect, plural, third-person], praesim [active, first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], praesīs [active, present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], praesit [active, present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], praesīmus [active, first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], praesītis [active, plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], praesint [active, plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], praeessem [active, first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], praeforem [active, first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], praeessēs [active, imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], praeforēs [active, imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], praeesset [active, imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], praeforet [active, imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], praeessēmus [active, first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], praeforēmus [active, first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], praeessētis [active, imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], praeforētis [active, imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], praeessent [active, imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], praeforent [active, imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], praefuerim [active, first-person, perfect, singular, subjunctive], praefuerīs [active, perfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], praefuerit [active, perfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], praefuerīmus [active, first-person, perfect, plural, subjunctive], praefuerītis [active, perfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], praefuerint [active, perfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], praefuissem [active, first-person, pluperfect, singular, subjunctive], praefuissēs [active, pluperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], praefuisset [active, pluperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], praefuissēmus [active, first-person, pluperfect, plural, subjunctive], praefuissētis [active, pluperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], praefuissent [active, pluperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], - [active, first-person, imperative, present, singular], praees [active, imperative, present, second-person, singular], - [active, imperative, present, singular, third-person], - [active, first-person, imperative, plural, present], praeeste [active, imperative, plural, present, second-person], - [active, imperative, plural, present, third-person], - [active, first-person, future, imperative, singular], praeestō [active, future, imperative, second-person, singular], praeestō [active, future, imperative, singular, third-person], - [active, first-person, future, imperative, plural], praeestōte [active, future, imperative, plural, second-person], praesuntō [active, future, imperative, plural, third-person], praeesse [active, infinitive, present], praefuisse [active, infinitive, perfect], praefutūrum esse [active, future, infinitive], praefore [active, future, infinitive], - [infinitive, passive, present], - [infinitive, passive, perfect], - [future, infinitive, passive], praesēns [active, participle, present], - [active, participle, perfect], praefutūrus [active, future, participle], - [participle, passive, present], - [participle, passive, perfect], - [future, participle, passive]
  1. to be before something Tags: irregular
    Sense id: en-praesum-la-verb-szHAMeYB
  2. to preside or rule over Tags: irregular Synonyms: cūrō
    Sense id: en-praesum-la-verb-ZiIAgpmK
  3. to lead, take the lead Tags: irregular
    Sense id: en-praesum-la-verb-7YcBF9Fu Categories (other): Latin terms prefixed with prae- Disambiguation of Latin terms prefixed with prae-: 19 19 35 27
  4. to command, have command, be in command of, have charge of, be in charge of (with dative of the thing or person being commanded) Tags: irregular Categories (topical): Directives
    Sense id: en-praesum-la-verb-lmWjjg6e Disambiguation of Directives: 0 0 0 100 Categories (other): Latin entries with incorrect language header, Latin verbs with missing supine stem except in the future active participle Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 5 7 9 79 Disambiguation of Latin verbs with missing supine stem except in the future active participle: 12 11 20 57
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: presum [Medieval-Latin] Derived forms: praesēns

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for praesum meaning in Latin (14.2kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "praesēns"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "prae",
        "3": "sum"
      },
      "expansion": "prae- + sum",
      "name": "prefix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From prae- + sum.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "praesum",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no passive",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no supine stem except in the future active participle",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeesse",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuī",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefutūrus",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular no-supine",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praesum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praees",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praesumus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeestis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praesunt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeeram",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeerās",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeerat",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeerāmus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeerātis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeerant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeerō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeeris",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeere",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeerit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeerimus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeeritis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeerunt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuī",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuistī",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuimus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuistis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuērunt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuēre",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefueram",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuerās",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuerat",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuerāmus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuerātis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuerant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuerō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefueris",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuerit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuerimus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefueritis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuerint",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praesim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praesīs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praesit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praesīmus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praesītis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praesint",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeessem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeforem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeessēs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeforēs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeesset",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeforet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeessēmus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeforēmus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeessētis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeforētis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeessent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeforent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuerim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuerīs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuerit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuerīmus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuerītis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuerint",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuissem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuissēs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "pluperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuisset",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuissēmus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuissētis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuissent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praees",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeeste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeestō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeestō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeestōte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praesuntō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeesse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "infinitive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuisse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "infinitive",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefutūrum esse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefore",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "passive",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "infinitive",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praesēns",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefutūrus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "participle",
        "passive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "irreg",
        "2": "praesum"
      },
      "expansion": "praesum (present infinitive praeesse, perfect active praefuī, future participle praefutūrus); irregular conjugation, irregular, no passive, no supine stem except in the future active participle",
      "name": "la-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "irreg",
        "2": "praesum"
      },
      "name": "la-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to be before something"
      ],
      "id": "en-praesum-la-verb-szHAMeYB",
      "links": [
        [
          "be",
          "be"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "irregular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to preside or rule over"
      ],
      "id": "en-praesum-la-verb-ZiIAgpmK",
      "links": [
        [
          "preside",
          "preside"
        ],
        [
          "rule",
          "rule"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "cūrō"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "irregular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "19 19 35 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin terms prefixed with prae-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to lead, take the lead"
      ],
      "id": "en-praesum-la-verb-7YcBF9Fu",
      "links": [
        [
          "lead",
          "lead"
        ],
        [
          "take the lead",
          "take the lead"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "irregular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "5 7 9 79",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 11 20 57",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin verbs with missing supine stem except in the future active participle",
          "parents": [
            "Future active participles",
            "Active participles",
            "Participles",
            "Verb forms",
            "Non-lemma forms",
            "Verbs",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 0 0 100",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Directives",
          "orig": "la:Directives",
          "parents": [
            "Communication",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to command a navy/army",
          "text": "classi/exercitui praeesse",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "If reinforcements were needed, he should supply them with the legions which Publius Cornelius, propraetor, was in charge of in Sicily, […]",
          "ref": "27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita 26.1",
          "text": "Si supplemento opus esset, suppleret de legionibus quibus P. Cornelius pro praetore in Sicilia praeesset, […]"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to command, have command, be in command of, have charge of, be in charge of (with dative of the thing or person being commanded)"
      ],
      "id": "en-praesum-la-verb-lmWjjg6e",
      "links": [
        [
          "command",
          "command"
        ],
        [
          "charge",
          "charge"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "irregular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈprae̯.sum/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpräe̯s̠ʊ̃ˑ]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpre.sum/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈprɛːs̬um]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Medieval-Latin"
      ],
      "word": "presum"
    }
  ],
  "word": "praesum"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 2-syllable words",
    "Latin active-only verbs",
    "Latin defective verbs",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin irregular verbs",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin suppletive verbs",
    "Latin terms prefixed with prae-",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Latin verbs",
    "Latin verbs with missing supine stem except in the future active participle",
    "Latin verbs with red links in their inflection tables",
    "la:Directives"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "praesēns"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "prae",
        "3": "sum"
      },
      "expansion": "prae- + sum",
      "name": "prefix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From prae- + sum.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "praesum",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no passive",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no supine stem except in the future active participle",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeesse",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuī",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefutūrus",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular no-supine",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praesum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praees",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praesumus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeestis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praesunt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeeram",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeerās",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeerat",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeerāmus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeerātis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeerant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeerō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeeris",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeere",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeerit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeerimus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeeritis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeerunt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuī",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuistī",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuimus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuistis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuērunt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuēre",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefueram",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuerās",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuerat",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuerāmus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuerātis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuerant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuerō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefueris",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuerit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuerimus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefueritis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuerint",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praesim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praesīs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praesit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praesīmus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praesītis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praesint",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeessem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeforem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeessēs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeforēs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeesset",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeforet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeessēmus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeforēmus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeessētis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeforētis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeessent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeforent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuerim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuerīs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuerit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuerīmus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuerītis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuerint",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuissem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuissēs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "pluperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuisset",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuissēmus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuissētis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuissent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praees",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeeste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeestō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeestō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeestōte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praesuntō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praeesse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "infinitive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefuisse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "infinitive",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefutūrum esse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefore",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "passive",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "infinitive",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praesēns",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "praefutūrus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "participle",
        "passive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "irreg",
        "2": "praesum"
      },
      "expansion": "praesum (present infinitive praeesse, perfect active praefuī, future participle praefutūrus); irregular conjugation, irregular, no passive, no supine stem except in the future active participle",
      "name": "la-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "irreg",
        "2": "praesum"
      },
      "name": "la-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to be before something"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "be",
          "be"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "irregular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to preside or rule over"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "preside",
          "preside"
        ],
        [
          "rule",
          "rule"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "cūrō"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "irregular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to lead, take the lead"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "lead",
          "lead"
        ],
        [
          "take the lead",
          "take the lead"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "irregular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latin terms with quotations",
        "Latin terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to command a navy/army",
          "text": "classi/exercitui praeesse",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "If reinforcements were needed, he should supply them with the legions which Publius Cornelius, propraetor, was in charge of in Sicily, […]",
          "ref": "27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita 26.1",
          "text": "Si supplemento opus esset, suppleret de legionibus quibus P. Cornelius pro praetore in Sicilia praeesset, […]"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to command, have command, be in command of, have charge of, be in charge of (with dative of the thing or person being commanded)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "command",
          "command"
        ],
        [
          "charge",
          "charge"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "irregular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈprae̯.sum/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpräe̯s̠ʊ̃ˑ]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpre.sum/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈprɛːs̬um]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Medieval-Latin"
      ],
      "word": "presum"
    }
  ],
  "word": "praesum"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.