"piper" meaning in Latin

See piper in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: [ˈpɪ.pɛr] [Classical-Latin], [ˈpiː.per] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)
Etymology: Borrowed from Ancient Greek πέπερι (péperi, “pepper”), via Middle Persian from an Indo-Aryan source, ultimately from Sanskrit पिप्पलि (pippali, “long pepper”), itself of unknown origin (perhaps a Dravidian or other substrate language of the Indian subcontinent). The declension was changed to a rhotic-stem. Etymology templates: {{bor|la|grc|πέπερι|t=pepper}} Ancient Greek πέπερι (péperi, “pepper”), {{der|la|pal|-}} Middle Persian, {{der|la|inc|-}} Indo-Aryan, {{der|la|sa|पिप्पलि|t=long pepper}} Sanskrit पिप्पलि (pippali, “long pepper”), {{der|la|dra}} Dravidian, {{der|la|qfa-sub}} substrate Head templates: {{la-noun|piper/piper<3.N>}} piper n (genitive piperis); third declension Inflection templates: {{la-ndecl|piper/piper<3.N>}} Forms: piperis [genitive], no-table-tags [table-tags], piper [nominative, singular], pipera [nominative, plural], piperis [genitive, singular], piperum [genitive, plural], piperī [dative, singular], piperibus [dative, plural], piper [accusative, singular], pipera [accusative, plural], pipere [ablative, singular], piperibus [ablative, plural], piper [singular, vocative], pipera [plural, vocative]
  1. pepper Tags: declension-3, neuter Derived forms: piperātārius, piperātōrium, piperātum, piperātus, piperita, piperō (english: bell pepper) Related terms: piperītis

Inflected forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Basque",
      "lang_code": "eu",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "piperra"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "pepper"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "pepper"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "peper"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "pepper"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "pepar"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "pepper"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "pepir"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Yola",
                  "lang_code": "yol",
                  "word": "pipper"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "peper"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old English",
          "lang_code": "ang",
          "word": "pipor"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "pepper"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "pepper"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "peper"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "pepper"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "pepar"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "pepper"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "pepir"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Yola",
                  "lang_code": "yol",
                  "word": "pipper"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "peper"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old English",
          "lang_code": "ang",
          "word": "piper"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "North Frisian",
              "lang_code": "frr",
              "word": "pöber"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Saterland Frisian",
              "lang_code": "stq",
              "word": "Pieper"
            },
            {
              "lang": "West Frisian",
              "lang_code": "fy",
              "word": "piper"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old Frisian",
          "lang_code": "ofs",
          "word": "piper"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "German Low German",
                  "lang_code": "nds-de",
                  "word": "Peper"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Low German",
              "lang_code": "gml",
              "word": "pēper"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "German Low German",
                  "lang_code": "nds-de",
                  "word": "Peper"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Low German",
              "lang_code": "gml",
              "word": "pepper"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "German Low German",
                  "lang_code": "nds-de",
                  "word": "Peper"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Low German",
              "lang_code": "gml",
              "word": "pipper"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "German Low German",
                  "lang_code": "nds-de",
                  "word": "Peper"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Low German",
              "lang_code": "gml",
              "word": "pöpper"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Icelandic",
                  "lang_code": "is",
                  "word": "pipar"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Faroese",
                  "lang_code": "fo",
                  "word": "pipar"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Swedish",
                      "lang_code": "sv",
                      "word": "peppar"
                    },
                    {
                      "descendants": [
                        {
                          "lang": "Northern Sami",
                          "lang_code": "se",
                          "raw_tags": [
                            "borrowed"
                          ],
                          "word": "bihppor"
                        },
                        {
                          "lang": "Kildin Sami",
                          "lang_code": "sjd",
                          "raw_tags": [
                            "borrowed"
                          ],
                          "roman": "pjehpar’",
                          "word": "пеһпарь"
                        }
                      ],
                      "lang": "Finnish",
                      "lang_code": "fi",
                      "raw_tags": [
                        "borrowed"
                      ],
                      "word": "pippuri"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Old Swedish",
                  "lang_code": "gmq-osw",
                  "word": "pipar"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Swedish",
                      "lang_code": "sv",
                      "word": "peppar"
                    },
                    {
                      "descendants": [
                        {
                          "lang": "Northern Sami",
                          "lang_code": "se",
                          "raw_tags": [
                            "borrowed"
                          ],
                          "word": "bihppor"
                        },
                        {
                          "lang": "Kildin Sami",
                          "lang_code": "sjd",
                          "raw_tags": [
                            "borrowed"
                          ],
                          "roman": "pjehpar’",
                          "word": "пеһпарь"
                        }
                      ],
                      "lang": "Finnish",
                      "lang_code": "fi",
                      "raw_tags": [
                        "borrowed"
                      ],
                      "word": "pippuri"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Old Swedish",
                  "lang_code": "gmq-osw",
                  "word": "pepar"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Danish",
                      "lang_code": "da",
                      "word": "peber"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Old Danish",
                  "lang_code": "gmq-oda",
                  "word": "pipær"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Elfdalian",
                  "lang_code": "ovd",
                  "word": "pipär"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Estonian",
                  "lang_code": "et",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "pipar"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Latvian",
                  "lang_code": "lv",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "pipars"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Old Norse",
              "lang_code": "non",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "piparr"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Icelandic",
                  "lang_code": "is",
                  "word": "pipar"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Faroese",
                  "lang_code": "fo",
                  "word": "pipar"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Swedish",
                      "lang_code": "sv",
                      "word": "peppar"
                    },
                    {
                      "descendants": [
                        {
                          "lang": "Northern Sami",
                          "lang_code": "se",
                          "raw_tags": [
                            "borrowed"
                          ],
                          "word": "bihppor"
                        },
                        {
                          "lang": "Kildin Sami",
                          "lang_code": "sjd",
                          "raw_tags": [
                            "borrowed"
                          ],
                          "roman": "pjehpar’",
                          "word": "пеһпарь"
                        }
                      ],
                      "lang": "Finnish",
                      "lang_code": "fi",
                      "raw_tags": [
                        "borrowed"
                      ],
                      "word": "pippuri"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Old Swedish",
                  "lang_code": "gmq-osw",
                  "word": "pipar"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Swedish",
                      "lang_code": "sv",
                      "word": "peppar"
                    },
                    {
                      "descendants": [
                        {
                          "lang": "Northern Sami",
                          "lang_code": "se",
                          "raw_tags": [
                            "borrowed"
                          ],
                          "word": "bihppor"
                        },
                        {
                          "lang": "Kildin Sami",
                          "lang_code": "sjd",
                          "raw_tags": [
                            "borrowed"
                          ],
                          "roman": "pjehpar’",
                          "word": "пеһпарь"
                        }
                      ],
                      "lang": "Finnish",
                      "lang_code": "fi",
                      "raw_tags": [
                        "borrowed"
                      ],
                      "word": "pippuri"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Old Swedish",
                  "lang_code": "gmq-osw",
                  "word": "pepar"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Danish",
                      "lang_code": "da",
                      "word": "peber"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Old Danish",
                  "lang_code": "gmq-oda",
                  "word": "pipær"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Elfdalian",
                  "lang_code": "ovd",
                  "word": "pipär"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Estonian",
                  "lang_code": "et",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "pipar"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Latvian",
                  "lang_code": "lv",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "pipars"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Old Norse",
              "lang_code": "non",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "pipari"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old Saxon",
          "lang_code": "osx",
          "word": "*pipar"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Afrikaans",
                      "lang_code": "af",
                      "word": "peper"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Negerhollands",
                      "lang_code": "dcr",
                      "word": "pepper"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Aukan",
                      "lang_code": "djk",
                      "raw_tags": [
                        "borrowed"
                      ],
                      "word": "pepee"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Munsee",
                      "lang_code": "umu",
                      "raw_tags": [
                        "borrowed"
                      ],
                      "word": "piipel"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Papiamentu",
                      "lang_code": "pap",
                      "raw_tags": [
                        "borrowed"
                      ],
                      "word": "peper"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Saramaccan",
                      "lang_code": "srm",
                      "raw_tags": [
                        "borrowed"
                      ],
                      "word": "pepè"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Unami",
                      "lang_code": "unm",
                      "raw_tags": [
                        "borrowed"
                      ],
                      "word": "pèpël"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Dutch",
                  "lang_code": "nl",
                  "word": "peper"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Limburgish",
                  "lang_code": "li",
                  "word": "paeper"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Dutch",
              "lang_code": "dum",
              "word": "peper"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old Dutch",
          "lang_code": "odt",
          "word": "*pipar"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Cimbrian",
                  "lang_code": "cim",
                  "word": "fèffar"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "German",
                  "lang_code": "de",
                  "word": "Pfeffer"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Hunsrik",
                  "lang_code": "hrx",
                  "word": "Peffer"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Luxembourgish",
                  "lang_code": "lb",
                  "word": "Peffer"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Pennsylvania German",
                  "lang_code": "pdc",
                  "word": "Peffer"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Yiddish",
                  "lang_code": "yi",
                  "roman": "fefer",
                  "word": "פֿעפֿער"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle High German",
              "lang_code": "gmh",
              "word": "pfeffer"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old High German",
          "lang_code": "goh",
          "word": "pfeffar"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Cimbrian",
                  "lang_code": "cim",
                  "word": "fèffar"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "German",
                  "lang_code": "de",
                  "word": "Pfeffer"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Hunsrik",
                  "lang_code": "hrx",
                  "word": "Peffer"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Luxembourgish",
                  "lang_code": "lb",
                  "word": "Peffer"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Pennsylvania German",
                  "lang_code": "pdc",
                  "word": "Peffer"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Yiddish",
                  "lang_code": "yi",
                  "roman": "fefer",
                  "word": "פֿעפֿער"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle High German",
              "lang_code": "gmh",
              "word": "pfeffer"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old High German",
          "lang_code": "goh",
          "word": "pfeffur"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
      "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "*pipar"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "pepper"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "pepper"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "peper"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "pepper"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "pepar"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "pepper"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "pepir"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Yola",
                  "lang_code": "yol",
                  "word": "pipper"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "peper"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old English",
          "lang_code": "ang",
          "word": "pipor"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "pepper"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "pepper"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "peper"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "pepper"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "pepar"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "pepper"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "pepir"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Yola",
                  "lang_code": "yol",
                  "word": "pipper"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "peper"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old English",
          "lang_code": "ang",
          "word": "piper"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "North Frisian",
              "lang_code": "frr",
              "word": "pöber"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Saterland Frisian",
              "lang_code": "stq",
              "word": "Pieper"
            },
            {
              "lang": "West Frisian",
              "lang_code": "fy",
              "word": "piper"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old Frisian",
          "lang_code": "ofs",
          "word": "piper"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "German Low German",
                  "lang_code": "nds-de",
                  "word": "Peper"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Low German",
              "lang_code": "gml",
              "word": "pēper"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "German Low German",
                  "lang_code": "nds-de",
                  "word": "Peper"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Low German",
              "lang_code": "gml",
              "word": "pepper"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "German Low German",
                  "lang_code": "nds-de",
                  "word": "Peper"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Low German",
              "lang_code": "gml",
              "word": "pipper"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "German Low German",
                  "lang_code": "nds-de",
                  "word": "Peper"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Low German",
              "lang_code": "gml",
              "word": "pöpper"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Icelandic",
                  "lang_code": "is",
                  "word": "pipar"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Faroese",
                  "lang_code": "fo",
                  "word": "pipar"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Swedish",
                      "lang_code": "sv",
                      "word": "peppar"
                    },
                    {
                      "descendants": [
                        {
                          "lang": "Northern Sami",
                          "lang_code": "se",
                          "raw_tags": [
                            "borrowed"
                          ],
                          "word": "bihppor"
                        },
                        {
                          "lang": "Kildin Sami",
                          "lang_code": "sjd",
                          "raw_tags": [
                            "borrowed"
                          ],
                          "roman": "pjehpar’",
                          "word": "пеһпарь"
                        }
                      ],
                      "lang": "Finnish",
                      "lang_code": "fi",
                      "raw_tags": [
                        "borrowed"
                      ],
                      "word": "pippuri"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Old Swedish",
                  "lang_code": "gmq-osw",
                  "word": "pipar"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Swedish",
                      "lang_code": "sv",
                      "word": "peppar"
                    },
                    {
                      "descendants": [
                        {
                          "lang": "Northern Sami",
                          "lang_code": "se",
                          "raw_tags": [
                            "borrowed"
                          ],
                          "word": "bihppor"
                        },
                        {
                          "lang": "Kildin Sami",
                          "lang_code": "sjd",
                          "raw_tags": [
                            "borrowed"
                          ],
                          "roman": "pjehpar’",
                          "word": "пеһпарь"
                        }
                      ],
                      "lang": "Finnish",
                      "lang_code": "fi",
                      "raw_tags": [
                        "borrowed"
                      ],
                      "word": "pippuri"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Old Swedish",
                  "lang_code": "gmq-osw",
                  "word": "pepar"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Danish",
                      "lang_code": "da",
                      "word": "peber"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Old Danish",
                  "lang_code": "gmq-oda",
                  "word": "pipær"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Elfdalian",
                  "lang_code": "ovd",
                  "word": "pipär"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Estonian",
                  "lang_code": "et",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "pipar"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Latvian",
                  "lang_code": "lv",
                  "raw_tags": [
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        "1": "la",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "πέπερι",
        "t": "pepper"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek πέπερι (péperi, “pepper”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "pal",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Persian",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "inc",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Indo-Aryan",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "sa",
        "3": "पिप्पलि",
        "t": "long pepper"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit पिप्पलि (pippali, “long pepper”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "dra"
      },
      "expansion": "Dravidian",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "qfa-sub"
      },
      "expansion": "substrate",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Ancient Greek πέπερι (péperi, “pepper”), via Middle Persian from an Indo-Aryan source, ultimately from Sanskrit पिप्पलि (pippali, “long pepper”), itself of unknown origin (perhaps a Dravidian or other substrate language of the Indian subcontinent). The declension was changed to a rhotic-stem.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "piperis",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piper",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pipera",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piperis",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piperum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piperī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piperibus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piper",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pipera",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pipere",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piperibus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piper",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pipera",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "piper/piper<3.N>"
      },
      "expansion": "piper n (genitive piperis); third declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "piper/piper<3.N>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin neuter nouns in the third declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Ruthenian links with redundant target parameters",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 13 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Translingual links with redundant target parameters",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Spices and herbs",
          "orig": "la:Spices and herbs",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "piperātārius"
        },
        {
          "word": "piperātōrium"
        },
        {
          "word": "piperātum"
        },
        {
          "word": "piperātus"
        },
        {
          "word": "piperita"
        },
        {
          "english": "bell pepper",
          "translation": "bell pepper",
          "word": "piperō"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "...And, when they get dry, sprinkle mashed pepper on them, and serve. At the table, no one will know what they're eating.",
          "ref": "compiled by 5th century CE, Apicius, De Re Coquinaria 4.12",
          "text": "...Et, cum siccaverint, super aspargis piper tritum et inferes. Ad mensam nemo agnoscet quid manducet.",
          "translation": "...And, when they get dry, sprinkle mashed pepper on them, and serve. At the table, no one will know what they're eating.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "pepper"
      ],
      "id": "en-piper-la-noun-jLvPKdnO",
      "links": [
        [
          "pepper",
          "pepper"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "piperītis"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3",
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpɪ.pɛr]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpiː.per]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "piper"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "piperātārius"
    },
    {
      "word": "piperātōrium"
    },
    {
      "word": "piperātum"
    },
    {
      "word": "piperātus"
    },
    {
      "word": "piperita"
    },
    {
      "english": "bell pepper",
      "translation": "bell pepper",
      "word": "piperō"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Basque",
      "lang_code": "eu",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "piperra"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "pepper"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "pepper"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "peper"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "pepper"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "pepar"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "pepper"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "pepir"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Yola",
                  "lang_code": "yol",
                  "word": "pipper"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "peper"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old English",
          "lang_code": "ang",
          "word": "pipor"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "pepper"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "pepper"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "peper"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "pepper"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "pepar"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "pepper"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "pepir"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Yola",
                  "lang_code": "yol",
                  "word": "pipper"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "peper"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old English",
          "lang_code": "ang",
          "word": "piper"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "North Frisian",
              "lang_code": "frr",
              "word": "pöber"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Saterland Frisian",
              "lang_code": "stq",
              "word": "Pieper"
            },
            {
              "lang": "West Frisian",
              "lang_code": "fy",
              "word": "piper"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old Frisian",
          "lang_code": "ofs",
          "word": "piper"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "German Low German",
                  "lang_code": "nds-de",
                  "word": "Peper"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Low German",
              "lang_code": "gml",
              "word": "pēper"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "German Low German",
                  "lang_code": "nds-de",
                  "word": "Peper"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Low German",
              "lang_code": "gml",
              "word": "pepper"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "German Low German",
                  "lang_code": "nds-de",
                  "word": "Peper"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Low German",
              "lang_code": "gml",
              "word": "pipper"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "German Low German",
                  "lang_code": "nds-de",
                  "word": "Peper"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Low German",
              "lang_code": "gml",
              "word": "pöpper"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Icelandic",
                  "lang_code": "is",
                  "word": "pipar"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Faroese",
                  "lang_code": "fo",
                  "word": "pipar"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Swedish",
                      "lang_code": "sv",
                      "word": "peppar"
                    },
                    {
                      "descendants": [
                        {
                          "lang": "Northern Sami",
                          "lang_code": "se",
                          "raw_tags": [
                            "borrowed"
                          ],
                          "word": "bihppor"
                        },
                        {
                          "lang": "Kildin Sami",
                          "lang_code": "sjd",
                          "raw_tags": [
                            "borrowed"
                          ],
                          "roman": "pjehpar’",
                          "word": "пеһпарь"
                        }
                      ],
                      "lang": "Finnish",
                      "lang_code": "fi",
                      "raw_tags": [
                        "borrowed"
                      ],
                      "word": "pippuri"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Old Swedish",
                  "lang_code": "gmq-osw",
                  "word": "pipar"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Swedish",
                      "lang_code": "sv",
                      "word": "peppar"
                    },
                    {
                      "descendants": [
                        {
                          "lang": "Northern Sami",
                          "lang_code": "se",
                          "raw_tags": [
                            "borrowed"
                          ],
                          "word": "bihppor"
                        },
                        {
                          "lang": "Kildin Sami",
                          "lang_code": "sjd",
                          "raw_tags": [
                            "borrowed"
                          ],
                          "roman": "pjehpar’",
                          "word": "пеһпарь"
                        }
                      ],
                      "lang": "Finnish",
                      "lang_code": "fi",
                      "raw_tags": [
                        "borrowed"
                      ],
                      "word": "pippuri"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Old Swedish",
                  "lang_code": "gmq-osw",
                  "word": "pepar"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Danish",
                      "lang_code": "da",
                      "word": "peber"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Old Danish",
                  "lang_code": "gmq-oda",
                  "word": "pipær"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Elfdalian",
                  "lang_code": "ovd",
                  "word": "pipär"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Estonian",
                  "lang_code": "et",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "pipar"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Latvian",
                  "lang_code": "lv",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "pipars"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Old Norse",
              "lang_code": "non",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "piparr"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Icelandic",
                  "lang_code": "is",
                  "word": "pipar"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Faroese",
                  "lang_code": "fo",
                  "word": "pipar"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Swedish",
                      "lang_code": "sv",
                      "word": "peppar"
                    },
                    {
                      "descendants": [
                        {
                          "lang": "Northern Sami",
                          "lang_code": "se",
                          "raw_tags": [
                            "borrowed"
                          ],
                          "word": "bihppor"
                        },
                        {
                          "lang": "Kildin Sami",
                          "lang_code": "sjd",
                          "raw_tags": [
                            "borrowed"
                          ],
                          "roman": "pjehpar’",
                          "word": "пеһпарь"
                        }
                      ],
                      "lang": "Finnish",
                      "lang_code": "fi",
                      "raw_tags": [
                        "borrowed"
                      ],
                      "word": "pippuri"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Old Swedish",
                  "lang_code": "gmq-osw",
                  "word": "pipar"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Swedish",
                      "lang_code": "sv",
                      "word": "peppar"
                    },
                    {
                      "descendants": [
                        {
                          "lang": "Northern Sami",
                          "lang_code": "se",
                          "raw_tags": [
                            "borrowed"
                          ],
                          "word": "bihppor"
                        },
                        {
                          "lang": "Kildin Sami",
                          "lang_code": "sjd",
                          "raw_tags": [
                            "borrowed"
                          ],
                          "roman": "pjehpar’",
                          "word": "пеһпарь"
                        }
                      ],
                      "lang": "Finnish",
                      "lang_code": "fi",
                      "raw_tags": [
                        "borrowed"
                      ],
                      "word": "pippuri"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Old Swedish",
                  "lang_code": "gmq-osw",
                  "word": "pepar"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Danish",
                      "lang_code": "da",
                      "word": "peber"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Old Danish",
                  "lang_code": "gmq-oda",
                  "word": "pipær"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Elfdalian",
                  "lang_code": "ovd",
                  "word": "pipär"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Estonian",
                  "lang_code": "et",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "pipar"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Latvian",
                  "lang_code": "lv",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "pipars"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Old Norse",
              "lang_code": "non",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "pipari"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old Saxon",
          "lang_code": "osx",
          "word": "*pipar"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Afrikaans",
                      "lang_code": "af",
                      "word": "peper"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Negerhollands",
                      "lang_code": "dcr",
                      "word": "pepper"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Aukan",
                      "lang_code": "djk",
                      "raw_tags": [
                        "borrowed"
                      ],
                      "word": "pepee"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Munsee",
                      "lang_code": "umu",
                      "raw_tags": [
                        "borrowed"
                      ],
                      "word": "piipel"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Papiamentu",
                      "lang_code": "pap",
                      "raw_tags": [
                        "borrowed"
                      ],
                      "word": "peper"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Saramaccan",
                      "lang_code": "srm",
                      "raw_tags": [
                        "borrowed"
                      ],
                      "word": "pepè"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Unami",
                      "lang_code": "unm",
                      "raw_tags": [
                        "borrowed"
                      ],
                      "word": "pèpël"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Dutch",
                  "lang_code": "nl",
                  "word": "peper"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Limburgish",
                  "lang_code": "li",
                  "word": "paeper"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Dutch",
              "lang_code": "dum",
              "word": "peper"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old Dutch",
          "lang_code": "odt",
          "word": "*pipar"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Cimbrian",
                  "lang_code": "cim",
                  "word": "fèffar"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "German",
                  "lang_code": "de",
                  "word": "Pfeffer"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Hunsrik",
                  "lang_code": "hrx",
                  "word": "Peffer"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Luxembourgish",
                  "lang_code": "lb",
                  "word": "Peffer"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Pennsylvania German",
                  "lang_code": "pdc",
                  "word": "Peffer"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Yiddish",
                  "lang_code": "yi",
                  "roman": "fefer",
                  "word": "פֿעפֿער"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle High German",
              "lang_code": "gmh",
              "word": "pfeffer"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old High German",
          "lang_code": "goh",
          "word": "pfeffar"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Cimbrian",
                  "lang_code": "cim",
                  "word": "fèffar"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "German",
                  "lang_code": "de",
                  "word": "Pfeffer"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Hunsrik",
                  "lang_code": "hrx",
                  "word": "Peffer"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Luxembourgish",
                  "lang_code": "lb",
                  "word": "Peffer"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Pennsylvania German",
                  "lang_code": "pdc",
                  "word": "Peffer"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Yiddish",
                  "lang_code": "yi",
                  "roman": "fefer",
                  "word": "פֿעפֿער"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle High German",
              "lang_code": "gmh",
              "word": "pfeffer"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old High German",
          "lang_code": "goh",
          "word": "pfeffur"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
      "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "*pipar"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "pepper"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "pepper"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "peper"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "pepper"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "pepar"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "pepper"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "pepir"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Yola",
                  "lang_code": "yol",
                  "word": "pipper"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "peper"
            }
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                  "lang": "Faroese",
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                          "lang": "Northern Sami",
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                  "word": "pipar"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Latvian",
                  "lang_code": "lv",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "borrowed"
                  ],
                  "word": "pipars"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Old Norse",
              "lang_code": "non",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "pipari"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old Saxon",
          "lang_code": "osx",
          "word": "*pipar"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Afrikaans",
                      "lang_code": "af",
                      "word": "peper"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Negerhollands",
                      "lang_code": "dcr",
                      "word": "pepper"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Aukan",
                      "lang_code": "djk",
                      "raw_tags": [
                        "borrowed"
                      ],
                      "word": "pepee"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Munsee",
                      "lang_code": "umu",
                      "raw_tags": [
                        "borrowed"
                      ],
                      "word": "piipel"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Papiamentu",
                      "lang_code": "pap",
                      "raw_tags": [
                        "borrowed"
                      ],
                      "word": "peper"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Saramaccan",
                      "lang_code": "srm",
                      "raw_tags": [
                        "borrowed"
                      ],
                      "word": "pepè"
                    },
                    {
                      "lang": "Unami",
                      "lang_code": "unm",
                      "raw_tags": [
                        "borrowed"
                      ],
                      "word": "pèpël"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Dutch",
                  "lang_code": "nl",
                  "word": "peper"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Limburgish",
                  "lang_code": "li",
                  "word": "paeper"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Dutch",
              "lang_code": "dum",
              "word": "peper"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old Dutch",
          "lang_code": "odt",
          "word": "*pipar"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Cimbrian",
                  "lang_code": "cim",
                  "word": "fèffar"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "German",
                  "lang_code": "de",
                  "word": "Pfeffer"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Hunsrik",
                  "lang_code": "hrx",
                  "word": "Peffer"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Luxembourgish",
                  "lang_code": "lb",
                  "word": "Peffer"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Pennsylvania German",
                  "lang_code": "pdc",
                  "word": "Peffer"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Yiddish",
                  "lang_code": "yi",
                  "roman": "fefer",
                  "word": "פֿעפֿער"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle High German",
              "lang_code": "gmh",
              "word": "pfeffer"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old High German",
          "lang_code": "goh",
          "word": "pfeffar"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Cimbrian",
                  "lang_code": "cim",
                  "word": "fèffar"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "German",
                  "lang_code": "de",
                  "word": "Pfeffer"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Hunsrik",
                  "lang_code": "hrx",
                  "word": "Peffer"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Luxembourgish",
                  "lang_code": "lb",
                  "word": "Peffer"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Pennsylvania German",
                  "lang_code": "pdc",
                  "word": "Peffer"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Yiddish",
                  "lang_code": "yi",
                  "roman": "fefer",
                  "word": "פֿעפֿער"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle High German",
              "lang_code": "gmh",
              "word": "pfeffer"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old High German",
          "lang_code": "goh",
          "word": "pfeffur"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
      "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "pipr"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Irish",
          "lang_code": "ga",
          "word": "piobar"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Manx",
          "lang_code": "gv",
          "word": "pibbyr"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
          "lang_code": "gd",
          "word": "peabar"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
          "lang_code": "gd",
          "word": "piobar"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Irish",
      "lang_code": "mga",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "pipur"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
      "lang_code": "sla-pro",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "*pьpьrь"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Translingual",
      "lang_code": "mul",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "Piper"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "lang_code": "cy",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "pupur"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "πέπερι",
        "t": "pepper"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek πέπερι (péperi, “pepper”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "pal",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Persian",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "inc",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Indo-Aryan",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "sa",
        "3": "पिप्पलि",
        "t": "long pepper"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit पिप्पलि (pippali, “long pepper”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "dra"
      },
      "expansion": "Dravidian",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "qfa-sub"
      },
      "expansion": "substrate",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Ancient Greek πέπερι (péperi, “pepper”), via Middle Persian from an Indo-Aryan source, ultimately from Sanskrit पिप्पलि (pippali, “long pepper”), itself of unknown origin (perhaps a Dravidian or other substrate language of the Indian subcontinent). The declension was changed to a rhotic-stem.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "piperis",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piper",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pipera",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piperis",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piperum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piperī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piperibus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piper",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pipera",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pipere",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piperibus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piper",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pipera",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "piper/piper<3.N>"
      },
      "expansion": "piper n (genitive piperis); third declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "piper/piper<3.N>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "piperītis"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latin 2-syllable words",
        "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
        "Latin lemmas",
        "Latin neuter nouns",
        "Latin neuter nouns in the third declension",
        "Latin nouns",
        "Latin terms borrowed from Ancient Greek",
        "Latin terms derived from Ancient Greek",
        "Latin terms derived from Dravidian languages",
        "Latin terms derived from Indo-Aryan languages",
        "Latin terms derived from Middle Persian",
        "Latin terms derived from Sanskrit",
        "Latin terms derived from substrate languages",
        "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Latin terms with quotations",
        "Latin third declension nouns",
        "Old Ruthenian links with redundant target parameters",
        "Pages with 13 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Translingual links with redundant target parameters",
        "la:Spices and herbs"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "...And, when they get dry, sprinkle mashed pepper on them, and serve. At the table, no one will know what they're eating.",
          "ref": "compiled by 5th century CE, Apicius, De Re Coquinaria 4.12",
          "text": "...Et, cum siccaverint, super aspargis piper tritum et inferes. Ad mensam nemo agnoscet quid manducet.",
          "translation": "...And, when they get dry, sprinkle mashed pepper on them, and serve. At the table, no one will know what they're eating.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "pepper"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pepper",
          "pepper"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3",
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpɪ.pɛr]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpiː.per]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "piper"
}

Download raw JSONL data for piper meaning in Latin (26.7kB)

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}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-02-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (f492ef9 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.