See pessimus in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "optimus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "pesme"
},
"expansion": "Old French: pesme",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: pesme"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "pésimu",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Asturian: pésimu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Asturian: pésimu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "pèssim",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Catalan: pèssim",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Catalan: pèssim"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pessimal",
"3": "pessimism",
"4": "pessimist",
"5": "pessimistic",
"6": "pessimum",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: pessimal, pessimism, pessimist, pessimistic, pessimum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: pessimal, pessimism, pessimist, pessimistic, pessimum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "pessimisme",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: pessimisme",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: pessimisme"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "pésimo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Galician: pésimo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Galician: pésimo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "pessimo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: pessimo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: pessimo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "péssimo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: péssimo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: péssimo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "pésimo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: pésimo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: pésimo"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*pessemos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *pessemos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*ped-tm̥mó-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ped-tm̥mó-s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*ped-",
"3": "*-tm̥mós",
"nocat": "1",
"pos2": "superlative suffix",
"t1": "to walk, fall, stumble"
},
"expansion": "*ped- (“to walk, fall, stumble”) + *-tm̥mós (superlative suffix)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ped-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *pessemos, from Proto-Indo-European *ped-tm̥mó-s, from *ped- (“to walk, fall, stumble”) + *-tm̥mós (superlative suffix). Related to peior. See also -issimus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pessima",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimum",
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pessima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pessima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pessime",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pessima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pessima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pessimus"
},
"name": "la-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "the worst or most evil",
"word": "malus"
}
],
"glosses": [
"superlative degree of malus; the worst or most evil"
],
"id": "en-pessimus-la-adj-haas8bSG",
"links": [
[
"malus",
"malus#Latin"
],
[
"worst",
"worst"
],
[
"evil",
"evil"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "deterrimus, nequissimus"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"declension-2",
"form-of",
"superlative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpes.si.mus/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpɛs̠ːɪmʊs̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpes.si.mus/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpɛsːimus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "pessimus"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "optimus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "pesme"
},
"expansion": "Old French: pesme",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: pesme"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "pésimu",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Asturian: pésimu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Asturian: pésimu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "pèssim",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Catalan: pèssim",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Catalan: pèssim"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pessimal",
"3": "pessimism",
"4": "pessimist",
"5": "pessimistic",
"6": "pessimum",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: pessimal, pessimism, pessimist, pessimistic, pessimum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: pessimal, pessimism, pessimist, pessimistic, pessimum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "pessimisme",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: pessimisme",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: pessimisme"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "pésimo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Galician: pésimo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Galician: pésimo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "pessimo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: pessimo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: pessimo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "péssimo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: péssimo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: péssimo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "pésimo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: pésimo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: pésimo"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*pessemos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *pessemos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*ped-tm̥mó-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ped-tm̥mó-s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*ped-",
"3": "*-tm̥mós",
"nocat": "1",
"pos2": "superlative suffix",
"t1": "to walk, fall, stumble"
},
"expansion": "*ped- (“to walk, fall, stumble”) + *-tm̥mós (superlative suffix)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ped-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *pessemos, from Proto-Indo-European *ped-tm̥mó-s, from *ped- (“to walk, fall, stumble”) + *-tm̥mós (superlative suffix). Related to peior. See also -issimus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pessima",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimum",
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pessima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pessima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pessime",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pessima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pessimae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pessima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pessimus"
},
"name": "la-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin 3-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin non-lemma forms",
"Latin superlative adjectives",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ped-",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin terms with redundant head parameter",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "the worst or most evil",
"word": "malus"
}
],
"glosses": [
"superlative degree of malus; the worst or most evil"
],
"links": [
[
"malus",
"malus#Latin"
],
[
"worst",
"worst"
],
[
"evil",
"evil"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "deterrimus, nequissimus"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"declension-2",
"form-of",
"superlative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpes.si.mus/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpɛs̠ːɪmʊs̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpes.si.mus/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpɛsːimus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "pessimus"
}
Download raw JSONL data for pessimus meaning in Latin (6.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.