See mundus in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for mundus meaning in Latin (18.5kB)
{
"antonyms": [
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of \"clean, pure\"",
"word": "immundus"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "munditer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "mundificō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "mundō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "munditia"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ett",
"3": "𐌌𐌖𐌈",
"4": "",
"5": "pit, mundus"
},
"expansion": "Etruscan 𐌌𐌖𐌈 (muθ, “pit, mundus”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*mh₂nd-",
"4": "",
"5": "to adorn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *mh₂nd- (“to adorn”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "mandag",
"3": "",
"4": "joyful, happy, dashing"
},
"expansion": "Old High German mandag (“joyful, happy, dashing”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*mewH-",
"4": "",
"5": "to wash, wet"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *mewH- (“to wash, wet”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Two possibilities include:\n* From Etruscan 𐌌𐌖𐌈 (muθ, “pit, mundus”).\n* From Proto-Indo-European *mh₂nd- (“to adorn”) and cognate with Old High German mandag (“joyful, happy, dashing”); an Etruscan form 𐌈𐌍𐌖𐌌 (munθ) \"order, kit, ornament\" is attested also. Possibly also conflated in the sense of \"clean, neat\" with Proto-Indo-European *mewH- (“to wash, wet”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "munda",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "mundum",
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "mundior",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "mundissimus",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "munditer",
"tags": [
"adverb"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "mundus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "munda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mundum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mundī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mundae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "munda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mundī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mundae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mundī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mundōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mundārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mundōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mundō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mundae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mundō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mundīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mundum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mundam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mundum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mundōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mundās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "munda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mundō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mundā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mundō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mundīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "munde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "munda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "mundum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "mundī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "mundae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "munda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mundus",
"adv": "munditer",
"comp": "mundior",
"sup": "mundissimus"
},
"expansion": "mundus (feminine munda, neuter mundum, comparative mundior, superlative mundissimus, adverb munditer); first/second-declension adjective",
"name": "la-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mundus"
},
"name": "la-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "26 27 0 3 2 2 2 10 20 8",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Personality",
"orig": "la:Personality",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"clean, pure; neat"
],
"id": "en-mundus-la-adj-CGGztd~y",
"links": [
[
"clean",
"clean"
],
[
"pure",
"pure"
],
[
"neat",
"neat"
]
],
"tags": [
"adjective",
"declension-1",
"declension-2"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "26 27 0 3 2 2 2 10 20 8",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Personality",
"orig": "la:Personality",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"nice, fine, elegant, sophisticated"
],
"id": "en-mundus-la-adj-zEBZhZlU",
"links": [
[
"nice",
"nice"
],
[
"fine",
"fine"
],
[
"elegant",
"elegant"
],
[
"sophisticated",
"sophisticated"
]
],
"tags": [
"adjective",
"declension-1",
"declension-2"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"decorated, adorned"
],
"id": "en-mundus-la-adj-Cx52Wlgo",
"links": [
[
"decorated",
"decorated"
],
[
"adorned",
"adorned"
]
],
"tags": [
"adjective",
"declension-1",
"declension-2"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"pure (trait)"
],
"id": "en-mundus-la-adj-olecyxLk",
"links": [
[
"pure",
"pure"
]
],
"tags": [
"adjective",
"declension-1",
"declension-2"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈmun.dus/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈmʊn̪d̪ʊs̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈmun.dus/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈmun̪d̪us]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "mundus"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "intermundia"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mundānus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mundiālis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Stupor mundī"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eu",
"2": "mundu"
},
"expansion": "Basque: mundu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Basque: mundu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "co",
"2": "munnu"
},
"expansion": "Corsican: munnu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Corsican: munnu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "mondo"
},
"expansion": "Esperanto: mondo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Esperanto: mondo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "mondo"
},
"expansion": "Ido: mondo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ido: mondo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ia",
"2": "mundo"
},
"expansion": "Interlingua: mundo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Interlingua: mundo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ist",
"2": "mondo"
},
"expansion": "Istriot: mondo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Istriot: mondo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "mondo"
},
"expansion": "Italian: mondo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: mondo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Navarro-Aragonese:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "an",
"2": "mundo"
},
"expansion": "Aragonese: mundo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aragonese: mundo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nap",
"2": "munno"
},
"expansion": "Neapolitan: munno",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Neapolitan: munno"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "monde",
"3": "mont",
"4": "mund"
},
"expansion": "Old French: monde, mont, mund",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: monde, mont, mund"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "monde"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: monde",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: monde"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "monde"
},
"expansion": "French: monde\nSaint Dominican Creole French: monde\nHaitian Creole: moun\n→ English: monde",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "French: monde\nSaint Dominican Creole French: monde\nHaitian Creole: moun\n→ English: monde"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "maonde"
},
"expansion": "Norman: maonde",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norman: maonde"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wa",
"2": "monde"
},
"expansion": "Walloon: monde",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Walloon: monde"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Leonese:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "mundiu",
"3": "mundu"
},
"expansion": "Asturian: mundiu, mundu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Asturian: mundiu, mundu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ext",
"2": "mundu"
},
"expansion": "Extremaduran: mundu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Extremaduran: mundu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-leo",
"2": "mundiu"
},
"expansion": "Leonese: mundiu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Leonese: mundiu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mwl",
"2": "mundo"
},
"expansion": "Mirandese: mundo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mirandese: mundo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "mon"
},
"expansion": "Old Occitan: mon",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Occitan: mon"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "món"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: món",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: món"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "mond"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: mond",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: mond"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "mundo"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese: mundo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese: mundo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "mundo"
},
"expansion": "Galician: mundo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: mundo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "mundo"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: mundo, mũdo\nKabuverdianu: mundu\nPapiamentu: mundu\nTetum: mundu",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: mundo, mũdo\nKabuverdianu: mundu\nPapiamentu: mundu\nTetum: mundu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": "mundo"
},
"expansion": "Old Spanish: mundo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Spanish: mundo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lad",
"2": "mundo"
},
"expansion": "Ladino: mundo",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lad",
"2": "מונדו"
},
"expansion": "מונדו",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Ladino: mundo / מונדו"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "mundo"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: mundo, mondo\n→ Tagalog: mundo",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: mundo, mondo\n→ Tagalog: mundo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Rhaeto-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "mond"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: mond",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: mond"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lld",
"2": "mond"
},
"expansion": "Ladin: mond",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ladin: mond"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rm",
"2": "mund",
"3": "mond",
"4": "muond"
},
"expansion": "Romansch: mund, mond, muond",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romansch: mund, mond, muond"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "mundhu",
"3": "mundu",
"4": "munnu"
},
"expansion": "Sardinian: mundhu, mundu, munnu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sardinian: mundhu, mundu, munnu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "munnu"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: munnu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: munnu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "móndo"
},
"expansion": "Venetian: móndo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Venetian: móndo"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "mundus",
"pos": "a"
},
"expansion": "mundus (adjective)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "grc",
"3": "κόσμος",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "calque of Ancient Greek κόσμος (kósmos)",
"name": "calque"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From mundus (adjective). In the sense “universe”, calque of Ancient Greek κόσμος (kósmos).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "mundī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "mundus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mundī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mundī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mundōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mundō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mundīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mundum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mundōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mundō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mundīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "munde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "mundī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mundus<2>"
},
"expansion": "mundus m (genitive mundī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mundus<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 5 2 2 13 7 22 10 23 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ornaments, decorations, dress (of a woman)"
],
"id": "en-mundus-la-noun-ILH50lXQ",
"links": [
[
"ornaments",
"ornaments"
],
[
"decorations",
"decorations"
],
[
"dress",
"dress"
],
[
"woman",
"woman"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 6 3 5 9 14 9 19 19 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"implement"
],
"id": "en-mundus-la-noun--buBjYSD",
"links": [
[
"implement",
"implement"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 5 2 2 13 7 22 10 23 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Oh ye, most radiant lights of the heavens, who lead the gliding year in the sky",
"ref": "c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Virgil, Georgics 1.5",
"text": "Vōs, ō clārissima mundī / lūmina, lābentem caelō quae dūcitis annum; /"
},
{
"english": "But why are Orion and the other star-patterns hurrying to depart from heaven, and night is curtailing its journey?\n(It is May; nighttime is becoming shorter, and Ovid imagines even the mighty Orion (constellation) hurrying from the sky because Rome will soon celebrate the Temple of Mars Ultor; see also: Mars (mythology).)",
"ref": "8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 5.545–546",
"roman": "cēdere festīnant, noxque coartat iter?",
"text": "Sed quid et Ōrīōn et cētera sīdera mundō"
}
],
"glosses": [
"universe, world, esp. the heavens and the heavenly bodies"
],
"id": "en-mundus-la-noun-PSVcrF1f",
"links": [
[
"universe",
"universe"
],
[
"world",
"world"
],
[
"heavens",
"heavens"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 6 3 5 9 14 9 19 19 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 27 0 3 2 2 2 10 20 8",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Personality",
"orig": "la:Personality",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The unfortunate world's hope turned out in vain, the hope that the leaders, separated by a small field distance, could condemn the impiety drawing near.",
"ref": "Lucan, Pharsalia 5.469–471",
"text": "miserīque fuit spēs inrita mundī, / posse ducēs parvā campī statiōne diremptōs / admōtum damnāre nefās."
},
{
"english": "For God so loved the world that he gave his one and only Son, so that whoever believes in him may not perish but have eternal life.",
"ref": "405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Evangelium secundum Ioannem.3.16",
"text": "Sic enim dilexit Deus mundum ut filium suum unigenitum daret, ut omnis qui credit in eum non pereat, sed habeat vitam aeternam."
}
],
"glosses": [
"mankind (inhabitants of the earth)"
],
"id": "en-mundus-la-noun-VGANzcqk",
"links": [
[
"mankind",
"mankind"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Medieval Latin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "2 5 2 2 13 7 22 10 23 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 6 3 5 9 14 9 19 19 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 27 0 3 2 2 2 10 20 8",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Personality",
"orig": "la:Personality",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"century"
],
"id": "en-mundus-la-noun-VFog-vfL",
"links": [
[
"century",
"century"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Medieval Latin) century"
],
"tags": [
"Medieval-Latin",
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Medieval Latin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "2 5 2 2 13 7 22 10 23 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 6 3 5 9 14 9 19 19 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"group of people"
],
"id": "en-mundus-la-noun-5q7Frhg4",
"links": [
[
"group",
"group"
],
[
"people",
"people"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Medieval Latin) group of people"
],
"tags": [
"Medieval-Latin",
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "mundus"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of \"clean, pure\"",
"word": "immundus"
}
],
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin adjectives",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin first and second declension adjectives",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin masculine nouns",
"Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin second declension nouns",
"Latin terms calqued from Ancient Greek",
"Latin terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"la:Personality"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "munditer"
},
{
"word": "mundificō"
},
{
"word": "mundō"
},
{
"word": "munditia"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ett",
"3": "𐌌𐌖𐌈",
"4": "",
"5": "pit, mundus"
},
"expansion": "Etruscan 𐌌𐌖𐌈 (muθ, “pit, mundus”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*mh₂nd-",
"4": "",
"5": "to adorn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *mh₂nd- (“to adorn”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "mandag",
"3": "",
"4": "joyful, happy, dashing"
},
"expansion": "Old High German mandag (“joyful, happy, dashing”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*mewH-",
"4": "",
"5": "to wash, wet"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *mewH- (“to wash, wet”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Two possibilities include:\n* From Etruscan 𐌌𐌖𐌈 (muθ, “pit, mundus”).\n* From Proto-Indo-European *mh₂nd- (“to adorn”) and cognate with Old High German mandag (“joyful, happy, dashing”); an Etruscan form 𐌈𐌍𐌖𐌌 (munθ) \"order, kit, ornament\" is attested also. Possibly also conflated in the sense of \"clean, neat\" with Proto-Indo-European *mewH- (“to wash, wet”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "munda",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "mundum",
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "mundior",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "mundissimus",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "munditer",
"tags": [
"adverb"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "mundus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "munda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mundum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mundī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mundae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "munda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mundī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mundae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mundī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mundōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mundārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mundōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mundō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mundae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mundō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mundīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mundum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mundam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mundum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mundōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mundās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "munda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mundō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mundā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mundō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mundīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "munde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "munda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "mundum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "mundī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "mundae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "munda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mundus",
"adv": "munditer",
"comp": "mundior",
"sup": "mundissimus"
},
"expansion": "mundus (feminine munda, neuter mundum, comparative mundior, superlative mundissimus, adverb munditer); first/second-declension adjective",
"name": "la-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mundus"
},
"name": "la-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"clean, pure; neat"
],
"links": [
[
"clean",
"clean"
],
[
"pure",
"pure"
],
[
"neat",
"neat"
]
],
"tags": [
"adjective",
"declension-1",
"declension-2"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"nice, fine, elegant, sophisticated"
],
"links": [
[
"nice",
"nice"
],
[
"fine",
"fine"
],
[
"elegant",
"elegant"
],
[
"sophisticated",
"sophisticated"
]
],
"tags": [
"adjective",
"declension-1",
"declension-2"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"decorated, adorned"
],
"links": [
[
"decorated",
"decorated"
],
[
"adorned",
"adorned"
]
],
"tags": [
"adjective",
"declension-1",
"declension-2"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"pure (trait)"
],
"links": [
[
"pure",
"pure"
]
],
"tags": [
"adjective",
"declension-1",
"declension-2"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈmun.dus/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈmʊn̪d̪ʊs̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈmun.dus/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈmun̪d̪us]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "mundus"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin masculine nouns",
"Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin second declension nouns",
"Latin terms calqued from Ancient Greek",
"Latin terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"la:Personality"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "intermundia"
},
{
"word": "mundānus"
},
{
"word": "mundiālis"
},
{
"word": "Stupor mundī"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eu",
"2": "mundu"
},
"expansion": "Basque: mundu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Basque: mundu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "co",
"2": "munnu"
},
"expansion": "Corsican: munnu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Corsican: munnu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "mondo"
},
"expansion": "Esperanto: mondo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Esperanto: mondo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "mondo"
},
"expansion": "Ido: mondo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ido: mondo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ia",
"2": "mundo"
},
"expansion": "Interlingua: mundo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Interlingua: mundo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ist",
"2": "mondo"
},
"expansion": "Istriot: mondo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Istriot: mondo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "mondo"
},
"expansion": "Italian: mondo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: mondo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Navarro-Aragonese:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "an",
"2": "mundo"
},
"expansion": "Aragonese: mundo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aragonese: mundo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nap",
"2": "munno"
},
"expansion": "Neapolitan: munno",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Neapolitan: munno"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "monde",
"3": "mont",
"4": "mund"
},
"expansion": "Old French: monde, mont, mund",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: monde, mont, mund"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "monde"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: monde",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: monde"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "monde"
},
"expansion": "French: monde\nSaint Dominican Creole French: monde\nHaitian Creole: moun\n→ English: monde",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "French: monde\nSaint Dominican Creole French: monde\nHaitian Creole: moun\n→ English: monde"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "maonde"
},
"expansion": "Norman: maonde",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norman: maonde"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wa",
"2": "monde"
},
"expansion": "Walloon: monde",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Walloon: monde"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Leonese:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "mundiu",
"3": "mundu"
},
"expansion": "Asturian: mundiu, mundu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Asturian: mundiu, mundu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ext",
"2": "mundu"
},
"expansion": "Extremaduran: mundu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Extremaduran: mundu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-leo",
"2": "mundiu"
},
"expansion": "Leonese: mundiu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Leonese: mundiu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mwl",
"2": "mundo"
},
"expansion": "Mirandese: mundo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mirandese: mundo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "mon"
},
"expansion": "Old Occitan: mon",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Occitan: mon"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "món"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: món",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: món"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "mond"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: mond",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: mond"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "mundo"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese: mundo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese: mundo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "mundo"
},
"expansion": "Galician: mundo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: mundo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "mundo"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: mundo, mũdo\nKabuverdianu: mundu\nPapiamentu: mundu\nTetum: mundu",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: mundo, mũdo\nKabuverdianu: mundu\nPapiamentu: mundu\nTetum: mundu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": "mundo"
},
"expansion": "Old Spanish: mundo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Spanish: mundo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lad",
"2": "mundo"
},
"expansion": "Ladino: mundo",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lad",
"2": "מונדו"
},
"expansion": "מונדו",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Ladino: mundo / מונדו"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "mundo"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: mundo, mondo\n→ Tagalog: mundo",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: mundo, mondo\n→ Tagalog: mundo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Rhaeto-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "mond"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: mond",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: mond"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lld",
"2": "mond"
},
"expansion": "Ladin: mond",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ladin: mond"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rm",
"2": "mund",
"3": "mond",
"4": "muond"
},
"expansion": "Romansch: mund, mond, muond",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romansch: mund, mond, muond"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "mundhu",
"3": "mundu",
"4": "munnu"
},
"expansion": "Sardinian: mundhu, mundu, munnu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sardinian: mundhu, mundu, munnu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "munnu"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: munnu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: munnu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "móndo"
},
"expansion": "Venetian: móndo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Venetian: móndo"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "mundus",
"pos": "a"
},
"expansion": "mundus (adjective)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "grc",
"3": "κόσμος",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "calque of Ancient Greek κόσμος (kósmos)",
"name": "calque"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From mundus (adjective). In the sense “universe”, calque of Ancient Greek κόσμος (kósmos).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "mundī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "mundus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mundī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mundī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mundōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mundō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mundīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mundum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mundōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mundō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mundīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "munde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "mundī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mundus<2>"
},
"expansion": "mundus m (genitive mundī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mundus<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"ornaments, decorations, dress (of a woman)"
],
"links": [
[
"ornaments",
"ornaments"
],
[
"decorations",
"decorations"
],
[
"dress",
"dress"
],
[
"woman",
"woman"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"implement"
],
"links": [
[
"implement",
"implement"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Oh ye, most radiant lights of the heavens, who lead the gliding year in the sky",
"ref": "c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Virgil, Georgics 1.5",
"text": "Vōs, ō clārissima mundī / lūmina, lābentem caelō quae dūcitis annum; /"
},
{
"english": "But why are Orion and the other star-patterns hurrying to depart from heaven, and night is curtailing its journey?\n(It is May; nighttime is becoming shorter, and Ovid imagines even the mighty Orion (constellation) hurrying from the sky because Rome will soon celebrate the Temple of Mars Ultor; see also: Mars (mythology).)",
"ref": "8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 5.545–546",
"roman": "cēdere festīnant, noxque coartat iter?",
"text": "Sed quid et Ōrīōn et cētera sīdera mundō"
}
],
"glosses": [
"universe, world, esp. the heavens and the heavenly bodies"
],
"links": [
[
"universe",
"universe"
],
[
"world",
"world"
],
[
"heavens",
"heavens"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The unfortunate world's hope turned out in vain, the hope that the leaders, separated by a small field distance, could condemn the impiety drawing near.",
"ref": "Lucan, Pharsalia 5.469–471",
"text": "miserīque fuit spēs inrita mundī, / posse ducēs parvā campī statiōne diremptōs / admōtum damnāre nefās."
},
{
"english": "For God so loved the world that he gave his one and only Son, so that whoever believes in him may not perish but have eternal life.",
"ref": "405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Evangelium secundum Ioannem.3.16",
"text": "Sic enim dilexit Deus mundum ut filium suum unigenitum daret, ut omnis qui credit in eum non pereat, sed habeat vitam aeternam."
}
],
"glosses": [
"mankind (inhabitants of the earth)"
],
"links": [
[
"mankind",
"mankind"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Medieval Latin"
],
"glosses": [
"century"
],
"links": [
[
"century",
"century"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Medieval Latin) century"
],
"tags": [
"Medieval-Latin",
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Medieval Latin"
],
"glosses": [
"group of people"
],
"links": [
[
"group",
"group"
],
[
"people",
"people"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Medieval Latin) group of people"
],
"tags": [
"Medieval-Latin",
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "mundus"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (82c8ff9 and f4967a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.