See malleus in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "malleō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "malleolus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "maj"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: maj",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: maj"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "malj",
"3": "maljiu"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian: malj, maljiu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aromanian: malj, maljiu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eu",
"2": "mailu"
},
"expansion": "Basque: mailu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Basque: mailu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "mall"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: mall",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: mall"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "mail"
},
"expansion": "Old French: mail",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: mail"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "mail"
},
"expansion": "French: mail",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: mail"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "maul",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: maul",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: maul"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "maglio"
},
"expansion": "Italian: maglio",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: maglio"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "malho"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: malho",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: malho"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "mallo"
},
"expansion": "Galician: mallo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: mallo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "mai"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: mai",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: mai"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rm",
"2": "magl"
},
"expansion": "Romansch: magl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romansch: magl"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sardinian:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Logudorese: mazu, màggiu, màgiu, maxu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Campidanese: mallu, màgliu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "magghiu"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: magghiu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: magghiu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "mallo"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: mallo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: mallo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wa",
"2": "maye"
},
"expansion": "Walloon: maye",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Walloon: maye"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "malleus"
},
"expansion": "English: malleus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: malleus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "mȃlj"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian: mȃlj",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian: mȃlj / ма̑љ"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*melh₂-no-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *melh₂-no-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *melh₂-no-, from *melh₂- (“to grind, crush”), whence also molō (“I grind”). Compare similar semantic development from the same Proto-Indo-European root in Old Church Slavonic млатъ (mlatŭ, “hammer”), beside the verb млѣти (mlěti, “grind”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "malleī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "malleus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "malleī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "malleī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "malleōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "malleō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "malleīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "malleum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "malleōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "malleō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "malleīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mallee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "malleī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "malleus<2>"
},
"expansion": "malleus m (genitive malleī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "malleus<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "37 22 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "88 6 6",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Tools",
"orig": "la:Tools",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "[…] just as when the young suckling calf spies by its right ear the danger poised to crash its resounding hammer blow.",
"ref": "8 CE, Ovid, Metamorphoses 2.623–625",
"roman": "tempora discussit claro cava malleus ictu.",
"text": "[…] haud aliter quam cum spectante iuvenca\nlactentis vituli dextra libratus ab aure"
},
{
"english": "She put her hand to the nail, and her right hand to the workmen's hammer […]",
"ref": "405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Iudicum.5.26",
"text": "sinistram manum misit ad clavum et dexteram ad fabrorum malleos […]"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hammer, mallet"
],
"id": "en-malleus-la-noun-RYyA1bjO",
"links": [
[
"hammer",
"hammer"
],
[
"mallet",
"mallet"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 28 24 3 14 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Church Slavonic terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 20 19 5 33 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 22 22 3 26 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 71 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 22 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 260 CE, Quintus Gargilius Martialis, P. Vegeti Renati Digestorum artis mulomedicinae 1.31",
"text": "Quod si febris interna fuerit, non facile animal dormiet, et cotidie deterior fiet, interdum furunculos in dorso vel in lateribus habebit: scias eum a morbo, de quo superius disputatum est, maleo teneri."
}
],
"glosses": [
"a disease of animals"
],
"id": "en-malleus-la-noun-cnKlqZ2l",
"links": [
[
"disease",
"disease"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "New Latin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "37 22 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1794, Gulielmo Rowley, Schola Medicinæ Universalis Nova, pars prior, page ix Chorda tympani—Oſſicula quatuor auditus, 267—Malleus—Incus—Oſſiculum ſubrotundum ovale—Stapes[…]",
"text": "Chorda tympani—four auditory ossicles, 267—malleus—incus—subrotund oval ossicle—stapes […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the malleus, a small bone in the middle ear"
],
"id": "en-malleus-la-noun-Pm~5AVb0",
"links": [
[
"malleus",
"#English"
],
[
"bone",
"bone"
],
[
"middle ear",
"middle ear"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(New Latin) the malleus, a small bone in the middle ear"
],
"tags": [
"New-Latin",
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈmal.le.us/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈmälːʲeʊs̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈmal.le.us/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈmälːeus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Medieval-Latin"
],
"word": "martellus"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"la:malleus"
],
"word": "malleus"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 3-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin masculine nouns",
"Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin second declension nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old Church Slavonic terms with redundant script codes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"la:Tools"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "malleō"
},
{
"word": "malleolus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "maj"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: maj",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: maj"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "malj",
"3": "maljiu"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian: malj, maljiu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aromanian: malj, maljiu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eu",
"2": "mailu"
},
"expansion": "Basque: mailu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Basque: mailu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "mall"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: mall",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: mall"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "mail"
},
"expansion": "Old French: mail",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: mail"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "mail"
},
"expansion": "French: mail",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: mail"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "maul",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: maul",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: maul"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "maglio"
},
"expansion": "Italian: maglio",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: maglio"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "malho"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: malho",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: malho"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "mallo"
},
"expansion": "Galician: mallo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: mallo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "mai"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: mai",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: mai"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rm",
"2": "magl"
},
"expansion": "Romansch: magl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romansch: magl"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sardinian:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Logudorese: mazu, màggiu, màgiu, maxu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Campidanese: mallu, màgliu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "magghiu"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: magghiu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: magghiu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "mallo"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: mallo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: mallo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wa",
"2": "maye"
},
"expansion": "Walloon: maye",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Walloon: maye"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "malleus"
},
"expansion": "English: malleus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: malleus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "mȃlj"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian: mȃlj",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian: mȃlj / ма̑љ"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*melh₂-no-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *melh₂-no-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *melh₂-no-, from *melh₂- (“to grind, crush”), whence also molō (“I grind”). Compare similar semantic development from the same Proto-Indo-European root in Old Church Slavonic млатъ (mlatŭ, “hammer”), beside the verb млѣти (mlěti, “grind”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "malleī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "malleus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "malleī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "malleī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "malleōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "malleō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "malleīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "malleum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "malleōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "malleō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "malleīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mallee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "malleī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "malleus<2>"
},
"expansion": "malleus m (genitive malleī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "malleus<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "[…] just as when the young suckling calf spies by its right ear the danger poised to crash its resounding hammer blow.",
"ref": "8 CE, Ovid, Metamorphoses 2.623–625",
"roman": "tempora discussit claro cava malleus ictu.",
"text": "[…] haud aliter quam cum spectante iuvenca\nlactentis vituli dextra libratus ab aure"
},
{
"english": "She put her hand to the nail, and her right hand to the workmen's hammer […]",
"ref": "405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Iudicum.5.26",
"text": "sinistram manum misit ad clavum et dexteram ad fabrorum malleos […]"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hammer, mallet"
],
"links": [
[
"hammer",
"hammer"
],
[
"mallet",
"mallet"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Latin quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 260 CE, Quintus Gargilius Martialis, P. Vegeti Renati Digestorum artis mulomedicinae 1.31",
"text": "Quod si febris interna fuerit, non facile animal dormiet, et cotidie deterior fiet, interdum furunculos in dorso vel in lateribus habebit: scias eum a morbo, de quo superius disputatum est, maleo teneri."
}
],
"glosses": [
"a disease of animals"
],
"links": [
[
"disease",
"disease"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations",
"New Latin"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1794, Gulielmo Rowley, Schola Medicinæ Universalis Nova, pars prior, page ix Chorda tympani—Oſſicula quatuor auditus, 267—Malleus—Incus—Oſſiculum ſubrotundum ovale—Stapes[…]",
"text": "Chorda tympani—four auditory ossicles, 267—malleus—incus—subrotund oval ossicle—stapes […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the malleus, a small bone in the middle ear"
],
"links": [
[
"malleus",
"#English"
],
[
"bone",
"bone"
],
[
"middle ear",
"middle ear"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(New Latin) the malleus, a small bone in the middle ear"
],
"tags": [
"New-Latin",
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈmal.le.us/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈmälːʲeʊs̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈmal.le.us/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈmälːeus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Medieval-Latin"
],
"word": "martellus"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"la:malleus"
],
"word": "malleus"
}
Download raw JSONL data for malleus meaning in Latin (7.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.