"lien" meaning in Latin

See lien in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈli.eːn/ [Classical], [ˈlʲieːn] [Classical], /ˈli.en/ (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical), [ˈliːen] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, reflecting a form *(s)li(ǵʰ)-ēn-, from the root *spelǵʰ- (“spleen”), heavily distorted in all of its descendants, likely for tabooistic reasons, making the exact original PIE form hard to pin down. The newly introduced -i- is seemingly also found in the Sanskrit cognate प्लीहन् (plīhán), the fall of *-h- < *-ǵʰ- is also observed in Ancient Greek σπλήν (splḗn), while the loss of *-p- is also visible in Proto-Slavic *selzenь. Other cognates include Old Irish selg, Lithuanian blužnis, Old Armenian փայծաղն (pʻaycałn), Avestan 𐬯𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬀𐬥- (spər^əzan-). Doublet of splēn. Etymology templates: {{inh|la|ine-pro|-}} Proto-Indo-European, {{m|ine-pro||*(s)li(ǵʰ)-ēn-}} *(s)li(ǵʰ)-ēn-, {{m|ine-pro|*spelǵʰ-|t=spleen}} *spelǵʰ- (“spleen”), {{m|la||-i-}} -i-, {{cog|sa|-}} Sanskrit, {{m|sa|प्लीहन्|tr=plīhán}} प्लीहन् (plīhán), {{m|la||*-h-}} *-h-, {{m|ine-pro||*-ǵʰ-}} *-ǵʰ-, {{cog|grc|σπλήν}} Ancient Greek σπλήν (splḗn), {{m|ine-pro||*-p-}} *-p-, {{cog|sla-pro|*selzenь}} Proto-Slavic *selzenь, {{cog|sga|selg}} Old Irish selg, {{cog|lt|blužnis}} Lithuanian blužnis, {{cog|xcl|փայծաղն}} Old Armenian փայծաղն (pʻaycałn), {{cog|ae|𐬯𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬀𐬥-}} Avestan 𐬯𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬀𐬥- (spər^əzan-), {{doublet|la|splēn}} Doublet of splēn Head templates: {{la-noun|liēn&lt;3&gt;|g=m}} liēn m (genitive liēnis); third declension Inflection templates: {{la-ndecl|liēn&lt;3&gt;}} Forms: liēn [canonical, masculine], liēnis [genitive], no-table-tags [table-tags], liēn [nominative, singular], liēnēs [nominative, plural], liēnis [genitive, singular], liēnum [genitive, plural], liēnī [dative, singular], liēnibus [dative, plural], liēnem [accusative, singular], liēnēs [accusative, plural], liēne [ablative, singular], liēnibus [ablative, plural], liēn [singular, vocative], liēnēs [plural, vocative]
  1. spleen Tags: declension-3 Categories (topical): Body parts Synonyms: liēnis [masculine]
    Sense id: en-lien-la-noun-nUhmcM~7 Categories (other): Latin entries with incorrect language header, Latin masculine nouns in the third declension, Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations

Download JSON data for lien meaning in Latin (5.4kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "lien",
            "3": "lieno-",
            "4": ";",
            "5": "lienal",
            "6": "lienic",
            "bor": "1",
            "der3": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: lien, lieno-; ⇒ lienal, lienic",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: lien, lieno-; ⇒ lienal, lienic"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "eo",
            "2": "lieno",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Esperanto: lieno",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Esperanto: lieno"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ro",
            "2": "lien",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Romanian: lien",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Romanian: lien"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*(s)li(ǵʰ)-ēn-"
      },
      "expansion": "*(s)li(ǵʰ)-ēn-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*spelǵʰ-",
        "t": "spleen"
      },
      "expansion": "*spelǵʰ- (“spleen”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "",
        "3": "-i-"
      },
      "expansion": "-i-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "प्लीहन्",
        "tr": "plīhán"
      },
      "expansion": "प्लीहन् (plīhán)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*-h-"
      },
      "expansion": "*-h-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*-ǵʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "*-ǵʰ-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "σπλήν"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek σπλήν (splḗn)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*-p-"
      },
      "expansion": "*-p-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*selzenь"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *selzenь",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "selg"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish selg",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "blužnis"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian blužnis",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "փայծաղն"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian փայծաղն (pʻaycałn)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬯𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬀𐬥-"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬯𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬀𐬥- (spər^əzan-)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "splēn"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of splēn",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European, reflecting a form *(s)li(ǵʰ)-ēn-, from the root *spelǵʰ- (“spleen”), heavily distorted in all of its descendants, likely for tabooistic reasons, making the exact original PIE form hard to pin down. The newly introduced -i- is seemingly also found in the Sanskrit cognate प्लीहन् (plīhán), the fall of *-h- < *-ǵʰ- is also observed in Ancient Greek σπλήν (splḗn), while the loss of *-p- is also visible in Proto-Slavic *selzenь.\nOther cognates include Old Irish selg, Lithuanian blužnis, Old Armenian փայծաղն (pʻaycałn), Avestan 𐬯𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬀𐬥- (spər^əzan-). Doublet of splēn.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "liēn",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "liēnis",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "liēn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "liēnēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "liēnis",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "liēnum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "liēnī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "liēnibus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "liēnem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "liēnēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "liēne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "liēnibus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "liēn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "liēnēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "liēn<3>",
        "g": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "liēn m (genitive liēnis); third declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "liēn<3>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Body parts",
          "orig": "la:Body parts",
          "parents": [
            "Body",
            "Anatomy",
            "Human",
            "Biology",
            "Medicine",
            "All topics",
            "Sciences",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "spleen"
      ],
      "id": "en-lien-la-noun-nUhmcM~7",
      "links": [
        [
          "spleen",
          "spleen"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "liēnis"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈli.eːn/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈlʲieːn]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈli.en/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈliːen]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "lien"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "lien",
            "3": "lieno-",
            "4": ";",
            "5": "lienal",
            "6": "lienic",
            "bor": "1",
            "der3": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: lien, lieno-; ⇒ lienal, lienic",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: lien, lieno-; ⇒ lienal, lienic"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "eo",
            "2": "lieno",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Esperanto: lieno",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Esperanto: lieno"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ro",
            "2": "lien",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Romanian: lien",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Romanian: lien"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*(s)li(ǵʰ)-ēn-"
      },
      "expansion": "*(s)li(ǵʰ)-ēn-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*spelǵʰ-",
        "t": "spleen"
      },
      "expansion": "*spelǵʰ- (“spleen”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "",
        "3": "-i-"
      },
      "expansion": "-i-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "प्लीहन्",
        "tr": "plīhán"
      },
      "expansion": "प्लीहन् (plīhán)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*-h-"
      },
      "expansion": "*-h-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*-ǵʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "*-ǵʰ-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "σπλήν"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek σπλήν (splḗn)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*-p-"
      },
      "expansion": "*-p-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*selzenь"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *selzenь",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "selg"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish selg",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "blužnis"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian blužnis",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "փայծաղն"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian փայծաղն (pʻaycałn)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬯𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬀𐬥-"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬯𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬀𐬥- (spər^əzan-)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "splēn"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of splēn",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European, reflecting a form *(s)li(ǵʰ)-ēn-, from the root *spelǵʰ- (“spleen”), heavily distorted in all of its descendants, likely for tabooistic reasons, making the exact original PIE form hard to pin down. The newly introduced -i- is seemingly also found in the Sanskrit cognate प्लीहन् (plīhán), the fall of *-h- < *-ǵʰ- is also observed in Ancient Greek σπλήν (splḗn), while the loss of *-p- is also visible in Proto-Slavic *selzenь.\nOther cognates include Old Irish selg, Lithuanian blužnis, Old Armenian փայծաղն (pʻaycałn), Avestan 𐬯𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬀𐬥- (spər^əzan-). Doublet of splēn.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "liēn",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "liēnis",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "liēn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "liēnēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "liēnis",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "liēnum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "liēnī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "liēnibus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "liēnem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "liēnēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "liēne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "liēnibus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "liēn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "liēnēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "liēn<3>",
        "g": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "liēn m (genitive liēnis); third declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "liēn<3>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latin 2-syllable words",
        "Latin doublets",
        "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
        "Latin lemmas",
        "Latin masculine nouns",
        "Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
        "Latin nouns",
        "Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Latin third declension nouns",
        "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
        "la:Body parts"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "spleen"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "spleen",
          "spleen"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈli.eːn/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈlʲieːn]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈli.en/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈliːen]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "liēnis"
    }
  ],
  "word": "lien"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.