"hasta" meaning in Latin

See hasta in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈhas.ta/ [Classical], [ˈhäs̠t̪ä] [Classical], /ˈas.ta/ (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical), [ˈäst̪ä] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)
Etymology: Disputed. Usually conjectured to be from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰasto- or *ǵʰasdʰo- (“branch ~ spear, sharp spine”) (see below for Indo-European cognates), but the phonetics are problematic. Likely of ultimately non-Indo-European substrate origin. Cognates include Irish gas (“stem (of a plant)”), Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐌶𐌳𐍃 (gazds, “spine, aculeus”) and Old Norse gaddr (“spear, goad”) (loaned into English as gad); the Germanic forms would point to a PIE pre-form *ǵʰasdʰo-, but this cannot formally be connected to gas (“stem (of a plant)”), since Proto-Celtic *sd yields Irish *d, as in nead (“nest”) from *nisdós. A relationship with Sanskrit हस्त (hasta, “hand”) (see hir) is unlikely. A relationship with the Albanian words heshtë, ushtë and shtijë (all meaning “spear”) is uncertain. Also compared to Umbrian 𐌇𐌏𐌔𐌕𐌀𐌕𐌖 (hostatu, acc.pl.m.), 𐌇𐌏𐌔𐌕𐌀𐌕𐌉𐌓 (hostatir, dat.pl.m), of unknown meaning, but the root vowel /o/ does not match the Latin /a/. Etymology templates: {{unk|la|Disputed}} Disputed, {{der|la|ine-pro||*ǵʰasto-}} Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰasto-, {{m|ine-pro||*ǵʰasdʰo-|t=branch ~ spear, sharp spine}} *ǵʰasdʰo- (“branch ~ spear, sharp spine”), {{der|la|qfa-sub}} substrate, {{cog|ga|gas||stem (of a plant)}} Irish gas (“stem (of a plant)”), {{cog|got|𐌲𐌰𐌶𐌳𐍃||spine, aculeus}} Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐌶𐌳𐍃 (gazds, “spine, aculeus”), {{cog|non|gaddr||spear, goad}} Old Norse gaddr (“spear, goad”), {{m|en|gad#Etymology 4|gad}} gad, {{m|ine-pro||*ǵʰasdʰo-}} *ǵʰasdʰo-, {{m|ga|gas||stem (of a plant)}} gas (“stem (of a plant)”), {{cog|cel-pro||*sd}} Proto-Celtic *sd, {{m+|ga||*d}} Irish *d, {{m|ga|nead||nest}} nead (“nest”), {{m|ine-pro|*nisdós}} *nisdós, {{cog|sa|हस्त||hand}} Sanskrit हस्त (hasta, “hand”), {{m|la|hir}} hir, {{cog|sq|-}} Albanian, {{l|sq|heshtë}} heshtë, {{l|sq|ushtë}} ushtë, {{l|sq|shtijë}} shtijë, {{cog|xum|𐌇𐌏𐌔𐌕𐌀𐌕𐌖|pos=acc.pl.m.}} Umbrian 𐌇𐌏𐌔𐌕𐌀𐌕𐌖 (hostatu, acc.pl.m.), {{m|xum|𐌇𐌏𐌔𐌕𐌀𐌕𐌉𐌓|pos=dat.pl.m}} 𐌇𐌏𐌔𐌕𐌀𐌕𐌉𐌓 (hostatir, dat.pl.m) Head templates: {{la-noun|hasta<1>}} hasta f (genitive hastae); first declension Inflection templates: {{la-ndecl|hasta<1>}} Forms: hastae [genitive], no-table-tags [table-tags], hasta [nominative, singular], hastae [nominative, plural], hastae [genitive, singular], hastārum [genitive, plural], hastae [dative, singular], hastīs [dative, plural], hastam [accusative, singular], hastās [accusative, plural], hastā [ablative, singular], hastīs [ablative, plural], hasta [singular, vocative], hastae [plural, vocative]
  1. a spear, lance, pike, carried by soldiers and used for thrusting Wikipedia link: Brill Publishers Tags: declension-1, feminine Categories (topical): Spears Derived forms: hastārius, hastātus, hastīle, hastula Related terms: pīlum, sparus

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for hasta meaning in Latin (8.6kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ca",
            "2": "ast"
          },
          "expansion": "Catalan: ast",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Catalan: ast"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "co",
            "2": "asta"
          },
          "expansion": "Corsican: asta",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Corsican: asta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fur",
            "2": "aste"
          },
          "expansion": "Friulian: aste",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Friulian: aste"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gl",
            "2": "hasta"
          },
          "expansion": "Galician: hasta",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Galician: hasta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "asta"
          },
          "expansion": "Italian: asta",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Italian: asta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lmo",
            "2": "asta"
          },
          "expansion": "Lombard: asta",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lombard: asta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fro",
            "2": "haste"
          },
          "expansion": "Old French: haste",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old French: haste"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pms",
            "2": "asta"
          },
          "expansion": "Piedmontese: asta",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Piedmontese: asta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pt",
            "2": "hasta",
            "3": "haste"
          },
          "expansion": "Portuguese: hasta, haste",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Portuguese: hasta, haste"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "es",
            "2": "asta"
          },
          "expansion": "Spanish: asta",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Spanish: asta"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "Disputed"
      },
      "expansion": "Disputed",
      "name": "unk"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*ǵʰasto-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰasto-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*ǵʰasdʰo-",
        "t": "branch ~ spear, sharp spine"
      },
      "expansion": "*ǵʰasdʰo- (“branch ~ spear, sharp spine”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "qfa-sub"
      },
      "expansion": "substrate",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "gas",
        "3": "",
        "4": "stem (of a plant)"
      },
      "expansion": "Irish gas (“stem (of a plant)”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "𐌲𐌰𐌶𐌳𐍃",
        "3": "",
        "4": "spine, aculeus"
      },
      "expansion": "Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐌶𐌳𐍃 (gazds, “spine, aculeus”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "gaddr",
        "3": "",
        "4": "spear, goad"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse gaddr (“spear, goad”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gad#Etymology 4",
        "3": "gad"
      },
      "expansion": "gad",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*ǵʰasdʰo-"
      },
      "expansion": "*ǵʰasdʰo-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "gas",
        "3": "",
        "4": "stem (of a plant)"
      },
      "expansion": "gas (“stem (of a plant)”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*sd"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *sd",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*d"
      },
      "expansion": "Irish *d",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "nead",
        "3": "",
        "4": "nest"
      },
      "expansion": "nead (“nest”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*nisdós"
      },
      "expansion": "*nisdós",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "हस्त",
        "3": "",
        "4": "hand"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit हस्त (hasta, “hand”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "hir"
      },
      "expansion": "hir",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sq",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Albanian",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sq",
        "2": "heshtë"
      },
      "expansion": "heshtë",
      "name": "l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sq",
        "2": "ushtë"
      },
      "expansion": "ushtë",
      "name": "l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sq",
        "2": "shtijë"
      },
      "expansion": "shtijë",
      "name": "l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xum",
        "2": "𐌇𐌏𐌔𐌕𐌀𐌕𐌖",
        "pos": "acc.pl.m."
      },
      "expansion": "Umbrian 𐌇𐌏𐌔𐌕𐌀𐌕𐌖 (hostatu, acc.pl.m.)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xum",
        "2": "𐌇𐌏𐌔𐌕𐌀𐌕𐌉𐌓",
        "pos": "dat.pl.m"
      },
      "expansion": "𐌇𐌏𐌔𐌕𐌀𐌕𐌉𐌓 (hostatir, dat.pl.m)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Disputed. Usually conjectured to be from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰasto- or *ǵʰasdʰo- (“branch ~ spear, sharp spine”) (see below for Indo-European cognates), but the phonetics are problematic. Likely of ultimately non-Indo-European substrate origin.\nCognates include Irish gas (“stem (of a plant)”), Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐌶𐌳𐍃 (gazds, “spine, aculeus”) and Old Norse gaddr (“spear, goad”) (loaned into English as gad); the Germanic forms would point to a PIE pre-form *ǵʰasdʰo-, but this cannot formally be connected to gas (“stem (of a plant)”), since Proto-Celtic *sd yields Irish *d, as in nead (“nest”) from *nisdós. A relationship with Sanskrit हस्त (hasta, “hand”) (see hir) is unlikely. A relationship with the Albanian words heshtë, ushtë and shtijë (all meaning “spear”) is uncertain.\nAlso compared to Umbrian 𐌇𐌏𐌔𐌕𐌀𐌕𐌖 (hostatu, acc.pl.m.), 𐌇𐌏𐌔𐌕𐌀𐌕𐌉𐌓 (hostatir, dat.pl.m), of unknown meaning, but the root vowel /o/ does not match the Latin /a/.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "hastae",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hasta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hastae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hastae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hastārum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hastae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hastīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hastam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hastās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hastā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hastīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hasta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hastae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hasta<1>"
      },
      "expansion": "hasta f (genitive hastae); first declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hasta<1>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with language name categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Spears",
          "orig": "la:Spears",
          "parents": [
            "Weapons",
            "Hunting",
            "Military",
            "Tools",
            "Human activity",
            "Society",
            "Technology",
            "Human behaviour",
            "All topics",
            "Human",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "hastārius"
        },
        {
          "word": "hastātus"
        },
        {
          "word": "hastīle"
        },
        {
          "word": "hastula"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "To attack someone with a spear.",
          "text": "Petere aliquem hastā.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "Did you think Theseus is defeated, cruel Creon? I am here, and do not believe I'm tired of blood, even my spear is still thirsty for righteous slaughter.",
          "ref": "c. 45 CE – 96 CE, Statius, Thebaid 12.593–595",
          "text": "Victumne putāstī / Thēsea, dīre Creōn? Adsum, nec sanguine fessum / crēde; sitit meritōs etiamnum haec hasta cruōrēs."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a spear, lance, pike, carried by soldiers and used for thrusting"
      ],
      "id": "en-hasta-la-noun-HKn3dDpa",
      "links": [
        [
          "spear",
          "spear"
        ],
        [
          "lance",
          "lance"
        ],
        [
          "pike",
          "pike"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "pīlum"
        },
        {
          "word": "sparus"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-1",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Brill Publishers"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈhas.ta/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈhäs̠t̪ä]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈas.ta/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈäst̪ä]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "hasta"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "tr:Health"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "hastārius"
    },
    {
      "word": "hastātus"
    },
    {
      "word": "hastīle"
    },
    {
      "word": "hastula"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ca",
            "2": "ast"
          },
          "expansion": "Catalan: ast",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Catalan: ast"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "co",
            "2": "asta"
          },
          "expansion": "Corsican: asta",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Corsican: asta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fur",
            "2": "aste"
          },
          "expansion": "Friulian: aste",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Friulian: aste"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gl",
            "2": "hasta"
          },
          "expansion": "Galician: hasta",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Galician: hasta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "asta"
          },
          "expansion": "Italian: asta",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Italian: asta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lmo",
            "2": "asta"
          },
          "expansion": "Lombard: asta",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lombard: asta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fro",
            "2": "haste"
          },
          "expansion": "Old French: haste",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old French: haste"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pms",
            "2": "asta"
          },
          "expansion": "Piedmontese: asta",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Piedmontese: asta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pt",
            "2": "hasta",
            "3": "haste"
          },
          "expansion": "Portuguese: hasta, haste",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Portuguese: hasta, haste"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "es",
            "2": "asta"
          },
          "expansion": "Spanish: asta",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Spanish: asta"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "Disputed"
      },
      "expansion": "Disputed",
      "name": "unk"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*ǵʰasto-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰasto-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*ǵʰasdʰo-",
        "t": "branch ~ spear, sharp spine"
      },
      "expansion": "*ǵʰasdʰo- (“branch ~ spear, sharp spine”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "qfa-sub"
      },
      "expansion": "substrate",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "gas",
        "3": "",
        "4": "stem (of a plant)"
      },
      "expansion": "Irish gas (“stem (of a plant)”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "𐌲𐌰𐌶𐌳𐍃",
        "3": "",
        "4": "spine, aculeus"
      },
      "expansion": "Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐌶𐌳𐍃 (gazds, “spine, aculeus”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "gaddr",
        "3": "",
        "4": "spear, goad"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse gaddr (“spear, goad”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gad#Etymology 4",
        "3": "gad"
      },
      "expansion": "gad",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*ǵʰasdʰo-"
      },
      "expansion": "*ǵʰasdʰo-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "gas",
        "3": "",
        "4": "stem (of a plant)"
      },
      "expansion": "gas (“stem (of a plant)”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*sd"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *sd",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*d"
      },
      "expansion": "Irish *d",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "nead",
        "3": "",
        "4": "nest"
      },
      "expansion": "nead (“nest”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*nisdós"
      },
      "expansion": "*nisdós",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "हस्त",
        "3": "",
        "4": "hand"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit हस्त (hasta, “hand”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "hir"
      },
      "expansion": "hir",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sq",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Albanian",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sq",
        "2": "heshtë"
      },
      "expansion": "heshtë",
      "name": "l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sq",
        "2": "ushtë"
      },
      "expansion": "ushtë",
      "name": "l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sq",
        "2": "shtijë"
      },
      "expansion": "shtijë",
      "name": "l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xum",
        "2": "𐌇𐌏𐌔𐌕𐌀𐌕𐌖",
        "pos": "acc.pl.m."
      },
      "expansion": "Umbrian 𐌇𐌏𐌔𐌕𐌀𐌕𐌖 (hostatu, acc.pl.m.)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xum",
        "2": "𐌇𐌏𐌔𐌕𐌀𐌕𐌉𐌓",
        "pos": "dat.pl.m"
      },
      "expansion": "𐌇𐌏𐌔𐌕𐌀𐌕𐌉𐌓 (hostatir, dat.pl.m)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Disputed. Usually conjectured to be from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰasto- or *ǵʰasdʰo- (“branch ~ spear, sharp spine”) (see below for Indo-European cognates), but the phonetics are problematic. Likely of ultimately non-Indo-European substrate origin.\nCognates include Irish gas (“stem (of a plant)”), Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐌶𐌳𐍃 (gazds, “spine, aculeus”) and Old Norse gaddr (“spear, goad”) (loaned into English as gad); the Germanic forms would point to a PIE pre-form *ǵʰasdʰo-, but this cannot formally be connected to gas (“stem (of a plant)”), since Proto-Celtic *sd yields Irish *d, as in nead (“nest”) from *nisdós. A relationship with Sanskrit हस्त (hasta, “hand”) (see hir) is unlikely. A relationship with the Albanian words heshtë, ushtë and shtijë (all meaning “spear”) is uncertain.\nAlso compared to Umbrian 𐌇𐌏𐌔𐌕𐌀𐌕𐌖 (hostatu, acc.pl.m.), 𐌇𐌏𐌔𐌕𐌀𐌕𐌉𐌓 (hostatir, dat.pl.m), of unknown meaning, but the root vowel /o/ does not match the Latin /a/.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "hastae",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hasta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hastae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hastae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hastārum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hastae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hastīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hastam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hastās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hastā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hastīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hasta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hastae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hasta<1>"
      },
      "expansion": "hasta f (genitive hastae); first declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hasta<1>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "pīlum"
    },
    {
      "word": "sparus"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English links with manual fragments",
        "English links with redundant alt parameters",
        "Latin 2-syllable words",
        "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
        "Latin entries with language name categories using raw markup",
        "Latin entries with topic categories using raw markup",
        "Latin feminine nouns",
        "Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
        "Latin first declension nouns",
        "Latin lemmas",
        "Latin noun forms",
        "Latin nouns",
        "Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Latin terms derived from substrate languages",
        "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Latin terms with quotations",
        "Latin terms with unknown etymologies",
        "Latin terms with usage examples",
        "la:Spears"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "To attack someone with a spear.",
          "text": "Petere aliquem hastā.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "Did you think Theseus is defeated, cruel Creon? I am here, and do not believe I'm tired of blood, even my spear is still thirsty for righteous slaughter.",
          "ref": "c. 45 CE – 96 CE, Statius, Thebaid 12.593–595",
          "text": "Victumne putāstī / Thēsea, dīre Creōn? Adsum, nec sanguine fessum / crēde; sitit meritōs etiamnum haec hasta cruōrēs."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a spear, lance, pike, carried by soldiers and used for thrusting"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "spear",
          "spear"
        ],
        [
          "lance",
          "lance"
        ],
        [
          "pike",
          "pike"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-1",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Brill Publishers"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈhas.ta/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈhäs̠t̪ä]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈas.ta/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈäst̪ä]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "hasta"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e268c0e and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.