See furvus in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "furvo"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "Disputed"
},
"expansion": "Disputed",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰus-wó-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰus-wó-s",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*-wos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *-wos",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*dʰus-i-wó-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰus-i-wó-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Disputed. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *dʰus-wó-s, from *dʰwes- (“to breath, smoke, fume”) + *-wós (whence Proto-Italic *-wos > Latin -vus). The term has been cited as evidence of a sound law *-sw- > *-rw-, though Clayton counters that the term could continue Proto-Indo-European *dʰus-i-wó-, just as helvus reflects *ǵʰelh₃-i-wó-s. For more information regarding the proposed sound law, see Minerva and caterva (“band, crowd, retinue”). In any case, from the same source as fuscus, Old English dosen (“dark brown”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "furva",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "furvum",
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "furvus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "furva",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "furvum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "furvī",
"links": [
[
"furvī",
"furvi#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "furvae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "furva",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "furvī",
"links": [
[
"furvī",
"furvi#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "furvae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "furvī",
"links": [
[
"furvī",
"furvi#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "furvōrum",
"links": [
[
"furvōrum",
"furvorum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "furvārum",
"links": [
[
"furvārum",
"furvarum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "furvōrum",
"links": [
[
"furvōrum",
"furvorum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "furvō",
"links": [
[
"furvō",
"furvo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "furvae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "furvō",
"links": [
[
"furvō",
"furvo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "furvīs",
"links": [
[
"furvīs",
"furvis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "furvum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "furvam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "furvum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "furvōs",
"links": [
[
"furvōs",
"furvos#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "furvās",
"links": [
[
"furvās",
"furvas#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "furva",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "furvō",
"links": [
[
"furvō",
"furvo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "furvā",
"links": [
[
"furvā",
"furva#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "furvō",
"links": [
[
"furvō",
"furvo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "furvīs",
"links": [
[
"furvīs",
"furvis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "furve",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "furva",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "furvum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "furvī",
"links": [
[
"furvī",
"furvi#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "furvae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "furva",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "furvus"
},
"expansion": "furvus (feminine furva, neuter furvum); first/second-declension adjective",
"name": "la-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "furvus"
},
"name": "la-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin terms suffixed with -vus",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"swart, dark, black, gloomy"
],
"id": "en-furvus-la-adj-712y4WDe",
"links": [
[
"swart",
"swart"
],
[
"dark",
"dark"
],
[
"black",
"black"
],
[
"gloomy",
"gloomy"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "āter"
},
{
"word": "niger"
}
],
"tags": [
"adjective",
"declension-1",
"declension-2"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈfʊr.wʊs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈfur.vus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "furvus"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "furvo"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "Disputed"
},
"expansion": "Disputed",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰus-wó-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰus-wó-s",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*-wos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *-wos",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*dʰus-i-wó-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰus-i-wó-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Disputed. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *dʰus-wó-s, from *dʰwes- (“to breath, smoke, fume”) + *-wós (whence Proto-Italic *-wos > Latin -vus). The term has been cited as evidence of a sound law *-sw- > *-rw-, though Clayton counters that the term could continue Proto-Indo-European *dʰus-i-wó-, just as helvus reflects *ǵʰelh₃-i-wó-s. For more information regarding the proposed sound law, see Minerva and caterva (“band, crowd, retinue”). In any case, from the same source as fuscus, Old English dosen (“dark brown”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "furva",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "furvum",
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "furvus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "furva",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "furvum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "furvī",
"links": [
[
"furvī",
"furvi#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "furvae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "furva",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "furvī",
"links": [
[
"furvī",
"furvi#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "furvae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "furvī",
"links": [
[
"furvī",
"furvi#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "furvōrum",
"links": [
[
"furvōrum",
"furvorum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "furvārum",
"links": [
[
"furvārum",
"furvarum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "furvōrum",
"links": [
[
"furvōrum",
"furvorum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "furvō",
"links": [
[
"furvō",
"furvo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "furvae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "furvō",
"links": [
[
"furvō",
"furvo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "furvīs",
"links": [
[
"furvīs",
"furvis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "furvum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "furvam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "furvum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "furvōs",
"links": [
[
"furvōs",
"furvos#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "furvās",
"links": [
[
"furvās",
"furvas#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "furva",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "furvō",
"links": [
[
"furvō",
"furvo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "furvā",
"links": [
[
"furvā",
"furva#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "furvō",
"links": [
[
"furvō",
"furvo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "furvīs",
"links": [
[
"furvīs",
"furvis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "furve",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "furva",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "furvum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "furvī",
"links": [
[
"furvī",
"furvi#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "furvae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "furva",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "furvus"
},
"expansion": "furvus (feminine furva, neuter furvum); first/second-declension adjective",
"name": "la-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "furvus"
},
"name": "la-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin adjectives",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin first and second declension adjectives",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms suffixed with -vus",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin terms with unknown etymologies",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"swart, dark, black, gloomy"
],
"links": [
[
"swart",
"swart"
],
[
"dark",
"dark"
],
[
"black",
"black"
],
[
"gloomy",
"gloomy"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "āter"
},
{
"word": "niger"
}
],
"tags": [
"adjective",
"declension-1",
"declension-2"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈfʊr.wʊs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈfur.vus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "furvus"
}
Download raw JSONL data for furvus meaning in Latin (5.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.