See esum in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
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"accusative supine of edō"
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"english": "Likewise they are wrong to group fui/sum/ero together [and then complain of irregularity] because fui, being a perfect, is actually in its own series, which is internally consistent as expected: fueram/fui/fuero. Of the non-perfects, sum was in olden times esum, hence it used to be consistent in all persons: esum-es-est/eram-eras-erat/ero-eris-erit. You will find that all other verbs follow this pattern [of perfects agreeing with perfects, non-perfects with non-perfects].",
"ref": "40's BC, Varro, On the Latin language IX.57",
"text": "Item male conferunt fui sum ero, quod fui est perfectum, cuius series sibi, ut debet, in omnibus partibus constat, quod est fueram fui fuero; de infectis sum quod nunc dicitur olim dicebatur esum et in omnibus personis constabat, quod dicebatur esum es est, eram eras erat, ero eris erit; sic huiusce modi cetera servare analogiam videbis."
}
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"word": "esum"
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{
"english": "Likewise they are wrong to group fui/sum/ero together [and then complain of irregularity] because fui, being a perfect, is actually in its own series, which is internally consistent as expected: fueram/fui/fuero. Of the non-perfects, sum was in olden times esum, hence it used to be consistent in all persons: esum-es-est/eram-eras-erat/ero-eris-erit. You will find that all other verbs follow this pattern [of perfects agreeing with perfects, non-perfects with non-perfects].",
"ref": "40's BC, Varro, On the Latin language IX.57",
"text": "Item male conferunt fui sum ero, quod fui est perfectum, cuius series sibi, ut debet, in omnibus partibus constat, quod est fueram fui fuero; de infectis sum quod nunc dicitur olim dicebatur esum et in omnibus personis constabat, quod dicebatur esum es est, eram eras erat, ero eris erit; sic huiusce modi cetera servare analogiam videbis."
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Download raw JSONL data for esum meaning in Latin (3.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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