"cilium" meaning in Latin

See cilium in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: [ˈkɪ.li.ũː] [Classical-Latin], [ˈt͡ʃiː.li.um] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)
Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- Proto-Indo-European *-yom Proto-Indo-European *ḱelyom Proto-Italic *keljom Latin cilium From Proto-Italic *keljom, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱel-yo-m, from the root *ḱel- (“to cover”). Alternatively, compare Ancient Greek κῠ́λᾱ (kŭ́lā, “the parts under the eyes”), though Beekes doubts this connection and derives the latter from Pre-Greek. Etymology templates: {{etymon|la|:inh|itc-pro:*keljom<ety:inh<ine-pro:<alt:*ḱelyom><ety:from<*ḱel-<id:cover>><<alt:*-yom>>>>>|tree=1}} Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- Proto-Indo-European *-yom Proto-Indo-European *ḱelyom Proto-Italic *keljom Latin cilium [Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*keljom", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "cilium", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la" }" data-lang="la" data-title="cilium">, {{inh|la|itc-pro|*keljom}} Proto-Italic *keljom, {{inh|la|ine-pro||*ḱel-yo-m}} Proto-Indo-European *ḱel-yo-m, {{cog|grc|κῠ́λᾱ||the parts under the eyes}} Ancient Greek κῠ́λᾱ (kŭ́lā, “the parts under the eyes”) Head templates: {{la-noun|cilium<2>}} cilium n (genitive ciliī or cilī); second declension Inflection templates: {{la-ndecl|cilium<2>}} Forms: ciliī [genitive], cilī [genitive], no-table-tags [table-tags], cilium [nominative, singular], cilia [nominative, plural], ciliī [genitive, singular], cilī [genitive, singular], ciliōrum [genitive, plural], ciliō [dative, singular], ciliīs [dative, plural], cilium [accusative, singular], cilia [accusative, plural], ciliō [ablative, singular], ciliīs [ablative, plural], cilium [singular, vocative], cilia [plural, vocative]
  1. (anatomy) eyelid Tags: declension-2, neuter Synonyms: palpebra
    Sense id: en-cilium-la-noun-oGA4awfi Categories (other): Anatomy, Pages using etymon with no ID, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Latin entries with etymology trees, Latin entries with etymon, Latin entries with incorrect language header, Latin neuter nouns in the second declension, Latin terms suffixed with -ium, Eye Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 19 13 15 4 17 17 15 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 14 20 20 3 15 15 13 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 13 12 13 2 20 20 19 Disambiguation of Latin entries with etymology trees: 35 35 29 Disambiguation of Latin entries with etymon: 33 33 33 Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 35 35 31 Disambiguation of Latin neuter nouns in the second declension: 39 39 22 Disambiguation of Latin terms suffixed with -ium: 37 37 26 Disambiguation of Eye: 33 33 33 Topics: anatomy, medicine, sciences
  2. (anatomy) eyelid
    (transferred sense) lower eyelid
    Tags: declension-2, neuter Synonyms: palpebra
    Sense id: en-cilium-la-noun-jafC-7Ap Categories (other): Anatomy, Pages using etymon with no ID, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Latin entries with etymology trees, Latin entries with etymon, Latin entries with incorrect language header, Latin neuter nouns in the second declension, Latin terms suffixed with -ium, Eye Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 19 13 15 4 17 17 15 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 14 20 20 3 15 15 13 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 13 12 13 2 20 20 19 Disambiguation of Latin entries with etymology trees: 35 35 29 Disambiguation of Latin entries with etymon: 33 33 33 Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 35 35 31 Disambiguation of Latin neuter nouns in the second declension: 39 39 22 Disambiguation of Latin terms suffixed with -ium: 37 37 26 Disambiguation of Eye: 33 33 33 Topics: anatomy, medicine, sciences
  3. (metonymic, Medieval Latin, usually in the plural) eyelash Tags: Medieval-Latin, declension-2, metonymically, neuter, plural-normally Synonyms: palpebra
    Sense id: en-cilium-la-noun-cOvPgAFF Categories (other): Latin metonyms, Medieval Latin, Pages using etymon with no ID, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Latin entries with etymology trees, Latin entries with etymon, Latin entries with incorrect language header, Latin neuter nouns in the second declension, Latin terms suffixed with -ium, Eye Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 19 13 15 4 17 17 15 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 14 20 20 3 15 15 13 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 13 12 13 2 20 20 19 Disambiguation of Latin entries with etymology trees: 35 35 29 Disambiguation of Latin entries with etymon: 33 33 33 Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 35 35 31 Disambiguation of Latin neuter nouns in the second declension: 39 39 22 Disambiguation of Latin terms suffixed with -ium: 37 37 26 Disambiguation of Eye: 33 33 33
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: ciliāris [adjective], intercilium, supercilium

Inflected forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "adjective"
      ],
      "word": "ciliāris"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "intercilium"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "supercilium"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "unknown",
          "lang_code": "dlm",
          "word": "čeja"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Dalmatian",
      "lang_code": "dlm"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Italian",
          "lang_code": "it",
          "word": "ciglio"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Sicilian",
          "lang_code": "scn",
          "word": "cigghiu"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Sicilian",
          "lang_code": "scn",
          "word": "gigghiu"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Italo-Romance",
      "lang_code": "unknown"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Sardinian",
          "lang_code": "sc",
          "word": "chizu"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Sardinian",
          "lang_code": "sc",
          "word": "cillu"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Sardinian",
          "lang_code": "sc",
          "word": "chiza"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Insular Romance",
      "lang_code": "unknown"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Emilian",
          "lang_code": "egl",
          "word": "zéjja"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Friulian",
          "lang_code": "fur",
          "word": "cee"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Istriot",
          "lang_code": "ist",
          "word": "sia"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Lombard",
          "lang_code": "lmo",
          "word": "zida"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Piedmontese",
          "lang_code": "pms",
          "raw_tags": [
            "inherited",
            "uncertain"
          ],
          "word": "sign"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Romagnol",
          "lang_code": "rgn",
          "word": "zida"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Romansh",
          "lang_code": "rm",
          "word": "tschegl"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Venetan",
          "lang_code": "vec",
          "word": "segia"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Venetan",
          "lang_code": "vec",
          "word": "zheja"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Venetan",
          "lang_code": "vec",
          "word": "cegia"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Venetan",
          "lang_code": "vec",
          "word": "çéi"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "North Italian",
      "lang_code": "unknown"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "lang_code": "ca",
          "word": "cella"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "French",
              "lang_code": "fr",
              "word": "cil"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old French",
          "lang_code": "fro",
          "word": "cil"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "French",
              "lang_code": "fr",
              "word": "cil"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old French",
          "lang_code": "fro",
          "word": "cille"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Occitan",
          "lang_code": "oc",
          "word": "cilh"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Occitan",
          "lang_code": "oc",
          "word": "celh"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Occitan",
          "lang_code": "oc",
          "word": "cilha"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Occitan",
          "lang_code": "oc",
          "word": "celha"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Gallo-Romance",
      "lang_code": "unknown"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Aragonese",
          "lang_code": "an",
          "word": "cella"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Asturian",
          "lang_code": "ast",
          "word": "ceya"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Galician",
          "lang_code": "gl",
          "word": "cella"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "lang_code": "pt",
          "word": "celha"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "lang_code": "es",
          "word": "ceja"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "lang_code": "es",
          "word": "cejo"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Ibero-Romance",
      "lang_code": "unknown"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "cilium"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Ido",
          "lang_code": "io",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "cilio"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "lang_code": "pt",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "cílio"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "lang_code": "ro",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "ciliu"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "lang_code": "es",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "cilio"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "lang_code": "sv",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "cilie"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Borrowings",
      "lang_code": "unknown"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "itc-pro:*keljom<ety:inh<ine-pro:<alt:*ḱelyom><ety:from<*ḱel-<id:cover>><<alt:*-yom>>>>>",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱel-\nProto-Indo-European *-yom\nProto-Indo-European *ḱelyom\nProto-Italic *keljom\nLatin cilium\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*keljom\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"cilium\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"cilium\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*keljom"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *keljom",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*ḱel-yo-m"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱel-yo-m",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "κῠ́λᾱ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "the parts under the eyes"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek κῠ́λᾱ (kŭ́lā, “the parts under the eyes”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱel-\nProto-Indo-European *-yom\nProto-Indo-European *ḱelyom\nProto-Italic *keljom\nLatin cilium\nFrom Proto-Italic *keljom, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱel-yo-m, from the root *ḱel- (“to cover”). Alternatively, compare Ancient Greek κῠ́λᾱ (kŭ́lā, “the parts under the eyes”), though Beekes doubts this connection and derives the latter from Pre-Greek.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ciliī",
      "links": [
        [
          "ciliī",
          "cilii"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cilī",
      "links": [
        [
          "cilī",
          "cili"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cilium",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cilia",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciliī",
      "links": [
        [
          "ciliī",
          "cilii#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cilī",
      "links": [
        [
          "cilī",
          "cili#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciliōrum",
      "links": [
        [
          "ciliōrum",
          "ciliorum#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciliō",
      "links": [
        [
          "ciliō",
          "cilio#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciliīs",
      "links": [
        [
          "ciliīs",
          "ciliis#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cilium",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cilia",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciliō",
      "links": [
        [
          "ciliō",
          "cilio#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciliīs",
      "links": [
        [
          "ciliīs",
          "ciliis#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cilium",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cilia",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cilium<2>"
      },
      "expansion": "cilium n (genitive ciliī or cilī); second declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cilium<2>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Anatomy",
          "orig": "la:Anatomy",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 13 15 4 17 17 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 20 20 3 15 15 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 12 13 2 20 20 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "35 35 29",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "33 33 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "35 35 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "39 39 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "37 37 26",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin terms suffixed with -ium",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "33 33 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Eye",
          "orig": "la:Eye",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "eyelid"
      ],
      "id": "en-cilium-la-noun-oGA4awfi",
      "links": [
        [
          "anatomy",
          "anatomy"
        ],
        [
          "eyelid",
          "eyelid"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(anatomy) eyelid"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "palpebra"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "neuter"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "anatomy",
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "supercilium"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Anatomy",
          "orig": "la:Anatomy",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 13 15 4 17 17 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 20 20 3 15 15 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 12 13 2 20 20 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "35 35 29",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "33 33 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "35 35 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "39 39 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "37 37 26",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin terms suffixed with -ium",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "33 33 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Eye",
          "orig": "la:Eye",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "eyelid",
        "lower eyelid"
      ],
      "id": "en-cilium-la-noun-jafC-7Ap",
      "links": [
        [
          "anatomy",
          "anatomy"
        ],
        [
          "eyelid",
          "eyelid"
        ],
        [
          "lower",
          "lower"
        ],
        [
          "eyelid",
          "eyelid"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "transferred sense",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(anatomy) eyelid",
        "(transferred sense) lower eyelid"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "palpebra"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "neuter"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "anatomy",
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin metonyms",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Medieval Latin",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 13 15 4 17 17 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 20 20 3 15 15 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 12 13 2 20 20 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "35 35 29",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "33 33 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "35 35 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "39 39 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "37 37 26",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin terms suffixed with -ium",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "33 33 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Eye",
          "orig": "la:Eye",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "eyelash"
      ],
      "id": "en-cilium-la-noun-cOvPgAFF",
      "links": [
        [
          "eyelash",
          "eyelash"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(metonymic, Medieval Latin, usually in the plural) eyelash"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "palpebra"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Medieval-Latin",
        "declension-2",
        "metonymically",
        "neuter",
        "plural-normally"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈkɪ.li.ũː]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈt͡ʃiː.li.um]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "cilium"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 3-syllable words",
    "Latin entries with etymology trees",
    "Latin entries with etymon",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin neuter nouns",
    "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
    "Latin nouns",
    "Latin second declension nouns",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
    "Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱel- (cover)",
    "Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
    "Latin terms suffixed with -ium",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages using etymon with no ID",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with etymology trees",
    "Pages with etymon",
    "Pages with inline etymon for redlinks",
    "la:Eye"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "adjective"
      ],
      "word": "ciliāris"
    },
    {
      "word": "intercilium"
    },
    {
      "word": "supercilium"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "unknown",
          "lang_code": "dlm",
          "word": "čeja"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Dalmatian",
      "lang_code": "dlm"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Italian",
          "lang_code": "it",
          "word": "ciglio"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Sicilian",
          "lang_code": "scn",
          "word": "cigghiu"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Sicilian",
          "lang_code": "scn",
          "word": "gigghiu"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Italo-Romance",
      "lang_code": "unknown"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Sardinian",
          "lang_code": "sc",
          "word": "chizu"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Sardinian",
          "lang_code": "sc",
          "word": "cillu"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Sardinian",
          "lang_code": "sc",
          "word": "chiza"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Insular Romance",
      "lang_code": "unknown"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Emilian",
          "lang_code": "egl",
          "word": "zéjja"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Friulian",
          "lang_code": "fur",
          "word": "cee"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Istriot",
          "lang_code": "ist",
          "word": "sia"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Lombard",
          "lang_code": "lmo",
          "word": "zida"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Piedmontese",
          "lang_code": "pms",
          "raw_tags": [
            "inherited",
            "uncertain"
          ],
          "word": "sign"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Romagnol",
          "lang_code": "rgn",
          "word": "zida"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Romansh",
          "lang_code": "rm",
          "word": "tschegl"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Venetan",
          "lang_code": "vec",
          "word": "segia"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Venetan",
          "lang_code": "vec",
          "word": "zheja"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Venetan",
          "lang_code": "vec",
          "word": "cegia"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Venetan",
          "lang_code": "vec",
          "word": "çéi"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "North Italian",
      "lang_code": "unknown"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "lang_code": "ca",
          "word": "cella"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "French",
              "lang_code": "fr",
              "word": "cil"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old French",
          "lang_code": "fro",
          "word": "cil"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "French",
              "lang_code": "fr",
              "word": "cil"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old French",
          "lang_code": "fro",
          "word": "cille"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Occitan",
          "lang_code": "oc",
          "word": "cilh"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Occitan",
          "lang_code": "oc",
          "word": "celh"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Occitan",
          "lang_code": "oc",
          "word": "cilha"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Occitan",
          "lang_code": "oc",
          "word": "celha"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Gallo-Romance",
      "lang_code": "unknown"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Aragonese",
          "lang_code": "an",
          "word": "cella"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Asturian",
          "lang_code": "ast",
          "word": "ceya"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Galician",
          "lang_code": "gl",
          "word": "cella"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "lang_code": "pt",
          "word": "celha"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "lang_code": "es",
          "word": "ceja"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "lang_code": "es",
          "word": "cejo"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Ibero-Romance",
      "lang_code": "unknown"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "cilium"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Ido",
          "lang_code": "io",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "cilio"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "lang_code": "pt",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "cílio"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "lang_code": "ro",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "ciliu"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "lang_code": "es",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "cilio"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "lang_code": "sv",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "cilie"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Borrowings",
      "lang_code": "unknown"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "itc-pro:*keljom<ety:inh<ine-pro:<alt:*ḱelyom><ety:from<*ḱel-<id:cover>><<alt:*-yom>>>>>",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱel-\nProto-Indo-European *-yom\nProto-Indo-European *ḱelyom\nProto-Italic *keljom\nLatin cilium\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*keljom\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"cilium\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"cilium\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*keljom"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *keljom",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*ḱel-yo-m"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱel-yo-m",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "κῠ́λᾱ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "the parts under the eyes"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek κῠ́λᾱ (kŭ́lā, “the parts under the eyes”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱel-\nProto-Indo-European *-yom\nProto-Indo-European *ḱelyom\nProto-Italic *keljom\nLatin cilium\nFrom Proto-Italic *keljom, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱel-yo-m, from the root *ḱel- (“to cover”). Alternatively, compare Ancient Greek κῠ́λᾱ (kŭ́lā, “the parts under the eyes”), though Beekes doubts this connection and derives the latter from Pre-Greek.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ciliī",
      "links": [
        [
          "ciliī",
          "cilii"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cilī",
      "links": [
        [
          "cilī",
          "cili"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cilium",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cilia",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciliī",
      "links": [
        [
          "ciliī",
          "cilii#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cilī",
      "links": [
        [
          "cilī",
          "cili#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciliōrum",
      "links": [
        [
          "ciliōrum",
          "ciliorum#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciliō",
      "links": [
        [
          "ciliō",
          "cilio#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciliīs",
      "links": [
        [
          "ciliīs",
          "ciliis#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cilium",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cilia",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciliō",
      "links": [
        [
          "ciliō",
          "cilio#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciliīs",
      "links": [
        [
          "ciliīs",
          "ciliis#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cilium",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cilia",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cilium<2>"
      },
      "expansion": "cilium n (genitive ciliī or cilī); second declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cilium<2>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "la:Anatomy"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "eyelid"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "anatomy",
          "anatomy"
        ],
        [
          "eyelid",
          "eyelid"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(anatomy) eyelid"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "palpebra"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "neuter"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "anatomy",
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "supercilium"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Latin terms with transferred senses",
        "la:Anatomy"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "eyelid",
        "lower eyelid"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "anatomy",
          "anatomy"
        ],
        [
          "eyelid",
          "eyelid"
        ],
        [
          "lower",
          "lower"
        ],
        [
          "eyelid",
          "eyelid"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "transferred sense",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(anatomy) eyelid",
        "(transferred sense) lower eyelid"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "palpebra"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "neuter"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "anatomy",
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latin metonyms",
        "Medieval Latin"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "eyelash"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "eyelash",
          "eyelash"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(metonymic, Medieval Latin, usually in the plural) eyelash"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "palpebra"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Medieval-Latin",
        "declension-2",
        "metonymically",
        "neuter",
        "plural-normally"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈkɪ.li.ũː]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈt͡ʃiː.li.um]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "cilium"
}

Download raw JSONL data for cilium meaning in Latin (8.4kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.