See castigo in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "castīgātiō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "castīgātor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "castīgātus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"word": "cãshtigã"
},
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"word": "cãshtigari"
},
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"word": "castigar"
},
{
"lang": "Franco-Provençal",
"lang_code": "frp",
"word": "châtiar"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "châtier"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "chastier"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "châtier"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "chastoyer"
},
{
"lang": "Middle Armenian",
"lang_code": "axm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "ǰastel",
"word": "ջաստել"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "chasten"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "chastien"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "chastier"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "châtier"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "chastier"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "châtier"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "chastoyer"
},
{
"lang": "Middle Armenian",
"lang_code": "axm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "ǰastel",
"word": "ջաստել"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "chasten"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "chastien"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "chastoiier"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "châtier"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "chastier"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "châtier"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "chastoyer"
},
{
"lang": "Middle Armenian",
"lang_code": "axm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "ǰastel",
"word": "ջաստել"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "chasten"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "chastien"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "castier"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "chastise"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "chastisen"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "chastiser"
},
{
"lang": "Friulian",
"lang_code": "fur",
"word": "cjastiâ"
},
{
"lang": "Friulian",
"lang_code": "fur",
"word": "čhastiâ"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "castigare"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "castigar"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "castigar"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "castejar"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "castiar"
}
],
"lang": "Old Occitan",
"lang_code": "pro",
"word": "castigar"
},
{
"lang": "Piedmontese",
"lang_code": "pms",
"word": "castighé"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "castigar"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "castigar"
}
],
"lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
"lang_code": "roa-opt",
"word": "castigar"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"word": "câștiga"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"word": "câștigare"
},
{
"lang": "Romansch",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "chastiar"
},
{
"lang": "Romansch",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "castigiar"
},
{
"lang": "Romansch",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "chastier"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "casticare"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "castigae"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "castigai"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "castigare"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "castigari"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "castijari"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "castiari"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "castigar"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "castigar"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "castigate"
},
{
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "kestigāte"
},
{
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "kestigete"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "*kastīgōn"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂eǵ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "",
"3": "-igō",
"id2": "denominative",
"t2": "act, make"
},
"expansion": "+ -igō (“act, make”)",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From an unattested noun *castis (“purity, virtue”) + -igō (“act, make”), the latter a suffixal form of agō. The noun *castis is thought to be formed from careō (“to lack”) + *-tis; the same root is found in castus (“chaste”). For the ending, compare fūstīgō and fatīgō, the formations of which also involve ti-derivations.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "castīgō",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāre",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāvī",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgātum",
"tags": [
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "conjugation-1",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgās",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāmus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgātis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgant",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābās",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābāmus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābātis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābant",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābimus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābitis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābunt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāvī",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāvistī",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāvit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāvimus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāvistis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāvērunt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāvēre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāveram",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāverās",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāverat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāverāmus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāverātis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāverant",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāverō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāveris",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāverit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāverimus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāveritis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāverint",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgor",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāris",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgātur",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāmur",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāminī",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgantur",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābāris",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābāre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābātur",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābāmur",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābāminī",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābantur",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābor",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāberis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābere",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābitur",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābimur",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābiminī",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābuntur",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgātus + present active indicative of sum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgātus + imperfect active indicative of sum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgātus + future active indicative of sum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"passive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgēs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīget",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgēmus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgētis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgārem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgārēs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāret",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgārēmus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgārētis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgārent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāverim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"perfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāverīs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāverit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāverīmus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"perfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāverītis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāverint",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāvissem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāvissēs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"pluperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāvisset",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāvissēmus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāvissētis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāvissent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīger",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgēris",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgēre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgētur",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgēmur",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgēminī",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgentur",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgārer",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgārēris",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgārēre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgārētur",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgārēmur",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgārēminī",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgārentur",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgātus + present active subjunctive of sum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive",
"perfect",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive",
"pluperfect",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgā",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgātō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgātō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgātōte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgantō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"passive",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"passive",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāminī",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"imperative",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgātor",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"imperative",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgātor",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"imperative",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"imperative",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"imperative",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgantor",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"imperative",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"infinitive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgārī",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāns",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgātūrum esse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgātum īrī",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"infinitive",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgātūrus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgandus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"participle",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāvisse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"infinitive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgātum esse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"passive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgātus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"infinitive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgātum fore",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"infinitive",
"passive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"participle",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"participle",
"passive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgātūrum fuisse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"infinitive",
"perfect",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"passive",
"perfect",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"perfect",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"perfect",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgandī",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"gerund",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgandō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"gerund",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgandum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"gerund",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgandō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"gerund",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgātum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"noun-from-verb",
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgātū",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"noun-from-verb",
"supine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "1+",
"2": "castīgō"
},
"expansion": "castīgō (present infinitive castīgāre, perfect active castīgāvī, supine castīgātum); first conjugation",
"name": "la-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "1+",
"2": "castīgō"
},
"name": "la-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 23 27 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin first conjugation verbs with perfect in -āv-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 22 28 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin terms suffixed with -igo (denominative)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to castigate, chastise, reprove"
],
"id": "en-castigo-la-verb-vAYc5hZc",
"links": [
[
"castigate",
"castigate"
],
[
"chastise",
"chastise"
],
[
"reprove",
"reprove"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "increpō"
},
{
"word": "accūsō"
},
{
"word": "corripiō"
},
{
"word": "exprobrō"
},
{
"word": "incūsō"
},
{
"word": "obloquor"
},
{
"word": "arripiō"
},
{
"word": "pulsō"
},
{
"word": "reprehendō"
},
{
"word": "animadvertō"
}
],
"tags": [
"conjugation-1"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 23 27 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin first conjugation verbs with perfect in -āv-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 22 28 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin terms suffixed with -igo (denominative)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
20,
28
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
68,
76
]
],
"english": "Spare the rod and spoil the child. (literally, “Whoever loves well, punishes well.”)",
"text": "Qui bene amat, bene castigat.",
"translation": "Spare the rod and spoil the child. (literally, “Whoever loves well, punishes well.”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Mothers and teachers are used to chastise children not only with words, but also with hits of the rod. If the children do or say something rather \"cheerful\" in a small argument, they make them cry. Why?",
"ref": "c. 45 BCE, Cicero, Tusculan Disputations 3.64",
"text": "Pueros vero matres et magistri castigare etiam solent, nec verbis solum, sed etiam verberibus. Si quid in domestico luctu hilarius ab is factum est aut dictum, plorare cogunt. Quid?",
"translation": "Mothers and teachers are used to chastise children not only with words, but also with hits of the rod. If the children do or say something rather \"cheerful\" in a small argument, they make them cry. Why?",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to punish"
],
"id": "en-castigo-la-verb-G3PyFaL2",
"links": [
[
"punish",
"punish"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "multō"
},
{
"word": "pūniō"
},
{
"word": "expiō"
},
{
"word": "obiūrgō"
},
{
"word": "animadvertō"
},
{
"word": "mulctō"
},
{
"word": "moneō"
},
{
"word": "plēctō"
},
{
"word": "ulcīscor"
},
{
"word": "exsequor"
}
],
"tags": [
"conjugation-1"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 23 27 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin first conjugation verbs with perfect in -āv-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 22 28 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin terms suffixed with -igo (denominative)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "May his [the ideal rhetoric teacher's] discussion be very often about what is honourable, good: the more he reminds the student, the less he will reprimand the student.",
"ref": "c. 35 CE – 100 CE, Quintilian, Institutiones 2.2.5",
"text": "Plurimus ei de honesto ac bono sermo sit: nam quo saepius monuerit, hoc rarius castigabit.",
"translation": "May his [the ideal rhetoric teacher's] discussion be very often about what is honourable, good: the more he reminds the student, the less he will reprimand the student.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to rebuke, reprimand"
],
"id": "en-castigo-la-verb-IMUaaVLe",
"links": [
[
"rebuke",
"rebuke"
],
[
"reprimand",
"reprimand"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "obiūrgō"
},
{
"word": "perstringō"
},
{
"word": "arguō"
},
{
"word": "īnsector"
},
{
"word": "corripiō"
},
{
"word": "accūsō"
},
{
"word": "incūsō"
},
{
"word": "damnō"
},
{
"word": "obloquor"
},
{
"word": "increpō"
},
{
"word": "acclāmō"
},
{
"word": "inclāmō"
},
{
"word": "compellō"
},
{
"word": "reprehendō"
},
{
"word": "animadvertō"
}
],
"tags": [
"conjugation-1"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 20 23 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 23 27 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin first conjugation verbs with perfect in -āv-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 22 28 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin terms suffixed with -igo (denominative)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to correct, amend"
],
"id": "en-castigo-la-verb-prZGrCEX",
"links": [
[
"correct",
"correct"
],
[
"amend",
"amend"
]
],
"tags": [
"conjugation-1"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kasˈtiː.ɡoː]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kasˈtiː.ɡo]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "castigo"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 3-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin first conjugation verbs",
"Latin first conjugation verbs with perfect in -āv-",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂eǵ-",
"Latin terms suffixed with -igo (denominative)",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin verbs",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "castīgātiō"
},
{
"word": "castīgātor"
},
{
"word": "castīgātus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"word": "cãshtigã"
},
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"word": "cãshtigari"
},
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"word": "castigar"
},
{
"lang": "Franco-Provençal",
"lang_code": "frp",
"word": "châtiar"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "châtier"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "chastier"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "châtier"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "chastoyer"
},
{
"lang": "Middle Armenian",
"lang_code": "axm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "ǰastel",
"word": "ջաստել"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "chasten"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "chastien"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "chastier"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "châtier"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "chastier"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "châtier"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "chastoyer"
},
{
"lang": "Middle Armenian",
"lang_code": "axm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "ǰastel",
"word": "ջաստել"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "chasten"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "chastien"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "chastoiier"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "châtier"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "chastier"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "châtier"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "chastoyer"
},
{
"lang": "Middle Armenian",
"lang_code": "axm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "ǰastel",
"word": "ջաստել"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "chasten"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "chastien"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "castier"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "chastise"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "chastisen"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "chastiser"
},
{
"lang": "Friulian",
"lang_code": "fur",
"word": "cjastiâ"
},
{
"lang": "Friulian",
"lang_code": "fur",
"word": "čhastiâ"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "castigare"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "castigar"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "castigar"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "castejar"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "castiar"
}
],
"lang": "Old Occitan",
"lang_code": "pro",
"word": "castigar"
},
{
"lang": "Piedmontese",
"lang_code": "pms",
"word": "castighé"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "castigar"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "castigar"
}
],
"lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
"lang_code": "roa-opt",
"word": "castigar"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"word": "câștiga"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"word": "câștigare"
},
{
"lang": "Romansch",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "chastiar"
},
{
"lang": "Romansch",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "castigiar"
},
{
"lang": "Romansch",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "chastier"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "casticare"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "castigae"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "castigai"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "castigare"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "castigari"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "castijari"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "castiari"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "castigar"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "castigar"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "castigate"
},
{
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "kestigāte"
},
{
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "kestigete"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "*kastīgōn"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂eǵ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "",
"3": "-igō",
"id2": "denominative",
"t2": "act, make"
},
"expansion": "+ -igō (“act, make”)",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From an unattested noun *castis (“purity, virtue”) + -igō (“act, make”), the latter a suffixal form of agō. The noun *castis is thought to be formed from careō (“to lack”) + *-tis; the same root is found in castus (“chaste”). For the ending, compare fūstīgō and fatīgō, the formations of which also involve ti-derivations.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "castīgō",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāre",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāvī",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgātum",
"tags": [
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "conjugation-1",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgās",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāmus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgātis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgant",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābās",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābāmus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābātis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābant",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābimus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābitis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābunt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāvī",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāvistī",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāvit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāvimus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāvistis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāvērunt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāvēre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāveram",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāverās",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāverat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāverāmus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāverātis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāverant",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāverō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāveris",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāverit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāverimus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāveritis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāverint",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgor",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāris",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgātur",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāmur",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāminī",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgantur",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābāris",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābāre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābātur",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābāmur",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābāminī",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābantur",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābor",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāberis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābere",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābitur",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābimur",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābiminī",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgābuntur",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgātus + present active indicative of sum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgātus + imperfect active indicative of sum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgātus + future active indicative of sum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"passive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgēs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīget",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgēmus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgētis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgārem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgārēs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāret",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgārēmus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgārētis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgārent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāverim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"perfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāverīs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāverit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāverīmus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"perfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāverītis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāverint",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāvissem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāvissēs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"pluperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāvisset",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāvissēmus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāvissētis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāvissent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīger",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgēris",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgēre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgētur",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgēmur",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgēminī",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgentur",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgārer",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgārēris",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgārēre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgārētur",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgārēmur",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgārēminī",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgārentur",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgātus + present active subjunctive of sum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive",
"perfect",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive",
"pluperfect",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgā",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgātō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgātō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgātōte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgantō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"passive",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"passive",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāminī",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"imperative",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgātor",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"imperative",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgātor",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"imperative",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"imperative",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"imperative",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgantor",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"imperative",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"infinitive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgārī",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāns",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgātūrum esse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgātum īrī",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"infinitive",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgātūrus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgandus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"participle",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgāvisse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"infinitive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgātum esse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"passive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgātus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"infinitive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgātum fore",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"infinitive",
"passive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"participle",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"participle",
"passive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgātūrum fuisse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"infinitive",
"perfect",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"passive",
"perfect",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"perfect",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"perfect",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgandī",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"gerund",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgandō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dative",
"gerund",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgandum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"gerund",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgandō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"gerund",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgātum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"noun-from-verb",
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "castīgātū",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"noun-from-verb",
"supine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "1+",
"2": "castīgō"
},
"expansion": "castīgō (present infinitive castīgāre, perfect active castīgāvī, supine castīgātum); first conjugation",
"name": "la-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "1+",
"2": "castīgō"
},
"name": "la-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to castigate, chastise, reprove"
],
"links": [
[
"castigate",
"castigate"
],
[
"chastise",
"chastise"
],
[
"reprove",
"reprove"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "increpō"
},
{
"word": "accūsō"
},
{
"word": "corripiō"
},
{
"word": "exprobrō"
},
{
"word": "incūsō"
},
{
"word": "obloquor"
},
{
"word": "arripiō"
},
{
"word": "pulsō"
},
{
"word": "reprehendō"
},
{
"word": "animadvertō"
}
],
"tags": [
"conjugation-1"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations",
"Latin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
20,
28
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
68,
76
]
],
"english": "Spare the rod and spoil the child. (literally, “Whoever loves well, punishes well.”)",
"text": "Qui bene amat, bene castigat.",
"translation": "Spare the rod and spoil the child. (literally, “Whoever loves well, punishes well.”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Mothers and teachers are used to chastise children not only with words, but also with hits of the rod. If the children do or say something rather \"cheerful\" in a small argument, they make them cry. Why?",
"ref": "c. 45 BCE, Cicero, Tusculan Disputations 3.64",
"text": "Pueros vero matres et magistri castigare etiam solent, nec verbis solum, sed etiam verberibus. Si quid in domestico luctu hilarius ab is factum est aut dictum, plorare cogunt. Quid?",
"translation": "Mothers and teachers are used to chastise children not only with words, but also with hits of the rod. If the children do or say something rather \"cheerful\" in a small argument, they make them cry. Why?",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to punish"
],
"links": [
[
"punish",
"punish"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "multō"
},
{
"word": "pūniō"
},
{
"word": "expiō"
},
{
"word": "obiūrgō"
},
{
"word": "animadvertō"
},
{
"word": "mulctō"
},
{
"word": "moneō"
},
{
"word": "plēctō"
},
{
"word": "ulcīscor"
},
{
"word": "exsequor"
}
],
"tags": [
"conjugation-1"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "May his [the ideal rhetoric teacher's] discussion be very often about what is honourable, good: the more he reminds the student, the less he will reprimand the student.",
"ref": "c. 35 CE – 100 CE, Quintilian, Institutiones 2.2.5",
"text": "Plurimus ei de honesto ac bono sermo sit: nam quo saepius monuerit, hoc rarius castigabit.",
"translation": "May his [the ideal rhetoric teacher's] discussion be very often about what is honourable, good: the more he reminds the student, the less he will reprimand the student.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to rebuke, reprimand"
],
"links": [
[
"rebuke",
"rebuke"
],
[
"reprimand",
"reprimand"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "obiūrgō"
},
{
"word": "perstringō"
},
{
"word": "arguō"
},
{
"word": "īnsector"
},
{
"word": "corripiō"
},
{
"word": "accūsō"
},
{
"word": "incūsō"
},
{
"word": "damnō"
},
{
"word": "obloquor"
},
{
"word": "increpō"
},
{
"word": "acclāmō"
},
{
"word": "inclāmō"
},
{
"word": "compellō"
},
{
"word": "reprehendō"
},
{
"word": "animadvertō"
}
],
"tags": [
"conjugation-1"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to correct, amend"
],
"links": [
[
"correct",
"correct"
],
[
"amend",
"amend"
]
],
"tags": [
"conjugation-1"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kasˈtiː.ɡoː]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kasˈtiː.ɡo]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "castigo"
}
Download raw JSONL data for castigo meaning in Latin (27.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-01-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (d1270d2 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.