See calumnia in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "calumnior"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "calumniōsus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "calúmnia",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Catalan: calúmnia (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Catalan: calúmnia (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "calunnia",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: calunnia (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: calunnia (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "calomnie",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle French: calomnie (learned)\n→ English: calumny\nFrench: calomnie\n→ Romanian: calomnie",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle French: calomnie (learned)\n→ English: calumny\nFrench: calomnie\n→ Romanian: calomnie"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "calumnia",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Galician: calumnia (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Galician: calumnia (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "chalonge"
},
"expansion": "Old French: chalonge, chalange, chalenge, calenge, calonge, calunge\n→ English: challenge\n→ French: challenge (orthographic)\n→ Japanese: チャレンジ (charenji)\n→ Russian: че́ллендж (čéllendž)\nFrench: challenge (partially)\nNorman: calenge",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old French: chalonge, chalange, chalenge, calenge, calonge, calunge\n→ English: challenge\n→ French: challenge (orthographic)\n→ Japanese: チャレンジ (charenji)\n→ Russian: че́ллендж (čéllendž)\nFrench: challenge (partially)\nNorman: calenge"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "cooyma",
"t": "reparations"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese: cooyma (“reparations”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese: cooyma (“reparations”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "coima"
},
"expansion": "Galician: coima",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: coima"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "coima"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: coima",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: coima"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "kalumnia",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Polish: kalumnia (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Polish: kalumnia (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "calúnia",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: calúnia (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: calúnia (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "calugna",
"3": "calunnia"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: calugna, calunnia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: calugna, calunnia"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": "caloña"
},
"expansion": "Old Spanish: caloña",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Spanish: caloña"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "calumnia",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: calumnia (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: calumnia (learned)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*kalwomnjā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *kalwomnjā",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *kalwomnjā, from unattested *kalwomnos (“deceiving, accusing”), which is equal to a (hypothetical) mediopassive participle of calvor.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "calumniae",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "calumnia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "calumniae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "calumniae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "calumniārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "calumniae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "calumniīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "calumniam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "calumniās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "calumniā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "calumniīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "calumnia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "calumniae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "calumnia<1>"
},
"expansion": "calumnia f (genitive calumniae); first declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "calumnia<1>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "calumniātor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "calumniātrīx"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "calumniōsē"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "34 21 27 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A cunning device, trickery, artifice, sophistry, chicanery."
],
"id": "en-calumnia-la-noun-F6uw5hKn",
"links": [
[
"cunning",
"cunning"
],
[
"device",
"device"
],
[
"trickery",
"trickery"
],
[
"artifice",
"artifice"
],
[
"sophistry",
"sophistry"
],
[
"chicanery",
"chicanery"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A pretence, evasion, subterfuge."
],
"id": "en-calumnia-la-noun-sYLDkeXT",
"links": [
[
"pretence",
"pretence"
],
[
"evasion",
"evasion"
],
[
"subterfuge",
"subterfuge"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 3 49 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A misrepresentation, false statement, fallacy, cavil."
],
"id": "en-calumnia-la-noun-NDwCf7jE",
"links": [
[
"misrepresentation",
"misrepresentation"
],
[
"false",
"false"
],
[
"statement",
"statement"
],
[
"fallacy",
"fallacy"
],
[
"cavil",
"cavil"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A false accusation or prosecution, malicious charge."
],
"id": "en-calumnia-la-noun-UT3iNR31",
"links": [
[
"accusation",
"accusation"
],
[
"prosecution",
"prosecution"
],
[
"malicious",
"malicious"
],
[
"charge",
"charge"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kaˈlum.ni.a/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[käˈɫ̪ʊmniä]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kaˈlum.ni.a/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[käˈlumniä]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "kalumnia"
}
],
"word": "calumnia"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 4-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin feminine nouns",
"Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"Latin first declension nouns",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "calumnior"
},
{
"word": "calumniōsus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "calúmnia",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Catalan: calúmnia (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Catalan: calúmnia (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "calunnia",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: calunnia (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: calunnia (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "calomnie",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle French: calomnie (learned)\n→ English: calumny\nFrench: calomnie\n→ Romanian: calomnie",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle French: calomnie (learned)\n→ English: calumny\nFrench: calomnie\n→ Romanian: calomnie"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "calumnia",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Galician: calumnia (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Galician: calumnia (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "chalonge"
},
"expansion": "Old French: chalonge, chalange, chalenge, calenge, calonge, calunge\n→ English: challenge\n→ French: challenge (orthographic)\n→ Japanese: チャレンジ (charenji)\n→ Russian: че́ллендж (čéllendž)\nFrench: challenge (partially)\nNorman: calenge",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old French: chalonge, chalange, chalenge, calenge, calonge, calunge\n→ English: challenge\n→ French: challenge (orthographic)\n→ Japanese: チャレンジ (charenji)\n→ Russian: че́ллендж (čéllendž)\nFrench: challenge (partially)\nNorman: calenge"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "cooyma",
"t": "reparations"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese: cooyma (“reparations”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese: cooyma (“reparations”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "coima"
},
"expansion": "Galician: coima",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: coima"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "coima"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: coima",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: coima"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "kalumnia",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Polish: kalumnia (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Polish: kalumnia (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "calúnia",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: calúnia (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: calúnia (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "calugna",
"3": "calunnia"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: calugna, calunnia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: calugna, calunnia"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": "caloña"
},
"expansion": "Old Spanish: caloña",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Spanish: caloña"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "calumnia",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: calumnia (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: calumnia (learned)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*kalwomnjā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *kalwomnjā",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *kalwomnjā, from unattested *kalwomnos (“deceiving, accusing”), which is equal to a (hypothetical) mediopassive participle of calvor.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "calumniae",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "calumnia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "calumniae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "calumniae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "calumniārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "calumniae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "calumniīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "calumniam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "calumniās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "calumniā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "calumniīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "calumnia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "calumniae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "calumnia<1>"
},
"expansion": "calumnia f (genitive calumniae); first declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "calumnia<1>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "calumniātor"
},
{
"word": "calumniātrīx"
},
{
"word": "calumniōsē"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A cunning device, trickery, artifice, sophistry, chicanery."
],
"links": [
[
"cunning",
"cunning"
],
[
"device",
"device"
],
[
"trickery",
"trickery"
],
[
"artifice",
"artifice"
],
[
"sophistry",
"sophistry"
],
[
"chicanery",
"chicanery"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A pretence, evasion, subterfuge."
],
"links": [
[
"pretence",
"pretence"
],
[
"evasion",
"evasion"
],
[
"subterfuge",
"subterfuge"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A misrepresentation, false statement, fallacy, cavil."
],
"links": [
[
"misrepresentation",
"misrepresentation"
],
[
"false",
"false"
],
[
"statement",
"statement"
],
[
"fallacy",
"fallacy"
],
[
"cavil",
"cavil"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A false accusation or prosecution, malicious charge."
],
"links": [
[
"accusation",
"accusation"
],
[
"prosecution",
"prosecution"
],
[
"malicious",
"malicious"
],
[
"charge",
"charge"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kaˈlum.ni.a/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[käˈɫ̪ʊmniä]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kaˈlum.ni.a/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[käˈlumniä]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "kalumnia"
}
],
"word": "calumnia"
}
Download raw JSONL data for calumnia meaning in Latin (6.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.