See bruma in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for bruma meaning in Latin (6.6kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "brūmālis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "brūmāria"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Late-Latin"
],
"word": "brūmōsus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Eastern Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "brumã"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian: brumã",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aromanian: brumã"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "brumă"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: brumă",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: brumă"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "bruma"
},
"expansion": "Old Occitan: bruma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Occitan: bruma"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "broma"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: broma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: broma"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "bruma"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: bruma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: bruma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "bruma"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: bruma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: bruma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Spanish:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Spanish:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "bruma"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: bruma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: bruma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "brymë",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Albanian: brymë",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Albanian: brymë"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "brume",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old French: brume",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old French: brume"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "brume"
},
"expansion": "French: brume\n→ English: brume",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "French: brume\n→ English: brume"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "VL.",
"2": "brūmārius",
"der": "1",
"t": "November"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Vulgar Latin: brūmārius (“November”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Vulgar Latin: brūmārius (“November”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Eastern Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "brumar"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian: brumar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aromanian: brumar"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "brumar"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: brumar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: brumar"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old French:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "Brumaire"
},
"expansion": "French: Brumaire",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: Brumaire"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Rhaeto-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "brumâr"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: brumâr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: brumâr"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "brymës",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Albanian: brymës",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Albanian: brymës"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "brevissima",
"3": "",
"4": "shortest"
},
"expansion": "brevissima (“shortest”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "brevis",
"3": "",
"4": "short"
},
"expansion": "brevis (“short”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "extrēmus"
},
"expansion": "extrēmus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-issimus"
},
"expansion": "-issimus",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Doublet of brevissima (“shortest”), superlative form of brevis (“short”), without reformation of the superlative ending; parallel e.g. to extrēmus (see -issimus for more). The winter solstice is the shortest day of the year.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "brūma",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "brūmae",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "brūma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brūmae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brūmae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brūmārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brūmae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brūmīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brūmam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brūmās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brūmā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brūmīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brūma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "brūmae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "brūma<1>"
},
"expansion": "brūma f (genitive brūmae); first declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "brūma<1>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "99 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "75 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "72 28",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Calendar",
"orig": "la:Calendar",
"parents": [
"Timekeeping",
"Time",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The winter solstice is the first day of the new sun, and the last of the old",
"ref": "8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 1.163",
"text": "Brūma novī prīma est veterisque novissima sōlis."
}
],
"glosses": [
"the winter solstice"
],
"id": "en-bruma-la-noun-KqbzGDEJ",
"links": [
[
"winter solstice",
"winter solstice"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"winter, winter cold"
],
"id": "en-bruma-la-noun-wOL11ccl",
"links": [
[
"winter",
"winter"
],
[
"cold",
"cold"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) winter, winter cold"
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"declension-1"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbruː.ma/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈbruːmä]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbru.ma/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈbruːmä]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "bruma"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin feminine nouns",
"Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"Latin first declension nouns",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"es:Weather",
"es:Winter",
"la:Calendar"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "brūmālis"
},
{
"word": "brūmāria"
},
{
"tags": [
"Late-Latin"
],
"word": "brūmōsus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Eastern Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "brumã"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian: brumã",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aromanian: brumã"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "brumă"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: brumă",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: brumă"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "bruma"
},
"expansion": "Old Occitan: bruma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Occitan: bruma"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "broma"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: broma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: broma"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "bruma"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: bruma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: bruma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "bruma"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: bruma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: bruma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Spanish:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Spanish:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "bruma"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: bruma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: bruma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "brymë",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Albanian: brymë",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Albanian: brymë"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "brume",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old French: brume",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old French: brume"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "brume"
},
"expansion": "French: brume\n→ English: brume",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "French: brume\n→ English: brume"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "VL.",
"2": "brūmārius",
"der": "1",
"t": "November"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Vulgar Latin: brūmārius (“November”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Vulgar Latin: brūmārius (“November”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Eastern Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "brumar"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian: brumar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aromanian: brumar"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "brumar"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: brumar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: brumar"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old French:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "Brumaire"
},
"expansion": "French: Brumaire",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: Brumaire"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Rhaeto-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "brumâr"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: brumâr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: brumâr"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "brymës",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Albanian: brymës",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Albanian: brymës"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "brevissima",
"3": "",
"4": "shortest"
},
"expansion": "brevissima (“shortest”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "brevis",
"3": "",
"4": "short"
},
"expansion": "brevis (“short”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "extrēmus"
},
"expansion": "extrēmus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-issimus"
},
"expansion": "-issimus",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Doublet of brevissima (“shortest”), superlative form of brevis (“short”), without reformation of the superlative ending; parallel e.g. to extrēmus (see -issimus for more). The winter solstice is the shortest day of the year.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "brūma",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "brūmae",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "brūma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brūmae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brūmae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brūmārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brūmae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brūmīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brūmam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brūmās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brūmā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brūmīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brūma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "brūmae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "brūma<1>"
},
"expansion": "brūma f (genitive brūmae); first declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "brūma<1>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The winter solstice is the first day of the new sun, and the last of the old",
"ref": "8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 1.163",
"text": "Brūma novī prīma est veterisque novissima sōlis."
}
],
"glosses": [
"the winter solstice"
],
"links": [
[
"winter solstice",
"winter solstice"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"winter, winter cold"
],
"links": [
[
"winter",
"winter"
],
[
"cold",
"cold"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) winter, winter cold"
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"declension-1"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbruː.ma/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈbruːmä]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbru.ma/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈbruːmä]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "bruma"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (8203a16 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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