See arma in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "armāmenta"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "armāmentum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "armārium"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "armiductor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "armifer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "armiger"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "armilausa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "armipotēns"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "armisonus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "armō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "coarmiō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "inermis"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": ":der",
"3": "ine-pro:*h₂(e)rmos<id:fitting><ety:der<ine-pro:*h₂er-<id:to fit>>>",
"id": "arms"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*h₂(e)rmos",
"t": "fitting"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂(e)rmos (“fitting”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂er-mn̥-tom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂er-mn̥-tom",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ऋत",
"t": "order; right; agreement etc.",
"tr": "ṛtá"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit ऋत (ṛtá, “order; right; agreement etc.”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἀραρίσκω",
"t": "to fit together"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἀραρίσκω (ararískō, “to fit together”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "առնեմ",
"3": "արարի",
"t": "I made"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian արարի (arari, “I made”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *h₂(e)rmos (“fitting”), from the root *h₂er- (“to join”). armentum is an independent derivation from the same root, as if from Proto-Indo-European *h₂er-mn̥-tom. Cognates include Sanskrit ऋत (ṛtá, “order; right; agreement etc.”) and अरम् (áram, “fitting”), Ancient Greek ἀραρίσκω (ararískō, “to fit together”) and Old Armenian արարի (arari, “I made”).\nSemantic development was \"that what is fitted together\" → \"tools\" → \"weapons\". Also related to ars, artus, rītus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "armōrum",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "arma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "armōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "armum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "armīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "armīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "arma<2>"
},
"expansion": "arma n pl (genitive armōrum); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "plurale tantum"
},
"expansion": "(plural only)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "arma<2>",
"gen_pl": "armōrum/armum"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 12 17 18 3 3 4 14 3 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 12 11 11 9 12 12 11 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 12 17 21 6 6 6 14 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin pluralia tantum",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "[…] : he orders the mules to be stripped off their saddles and, leaving them only some two small pieces of patchwork to be sat on, be mounted with their muleteers carrying weapons taken from either the prisoners or the sick.",
"ref": "27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita 7.14",
"text": "[…] : mulis strata detrahi iubet binisque tantum centunculis relictis agasones partim captivis, partim aegrorum armis ornatos imponit.",
"translation": "[…] : he orders the mules to be stripped off their saddles and, leaving them only some two small pieces of patchwork to be sat on, be mounted with their muleteers carrying weapons taken from either the prisoners or the sick."
},
{
"english": "to strengthen the defences of the city, to accumulate stores of corn, to prepare a supply of missiles and arms",
"ref": "27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita 29.4.2.3",
"text": "mūnīre urbem, frūmentum convehere, tēla arma parāre",
"translation": "to strengthen the defences of the city, to accumulate stores of corn, to prepare a supply of missiles and arms"
},
{
"english": "Meanwhile, [Chiron] looks at the club and the spoils of the lion, and says, “Man [worthy] for these arms, and arms worthy for the man!”\n(The centaur Chiron addresses Hercules who has slain the Nemean lion in close combat.)",
"ref": "8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 5.393–394",
"roman": "‘vir’ que ait ‘hīs armīs, armaque digna virō!’",
"text": "respicit intereā clāvam spoliumque leōnis,",
"translation": "Meanwhile, [Chiron] looks at the club and the spoils of the lion, and says, “Man [worthy] for these arms, and arms worthy for the man!”\n(The centaur Chiron addresses Hercules who has slain the Nemean lion in close combat.)"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
7,
15
]
],
"english": "'Arma' 'weapons' are, properly speaking, that which hangs from the 'armi', that is 'shoulders,' such as the shield, sword, dirk, dagger; and such as that using which we fight at a distance, missiles.",
"ref": "1839 [8th century CE], Paulus Diaconus, edited by Karl Otfried Müller, Excerpta ex libris Pompeii Festi De significatione verborum, page 2, line 13:",
"text": "Arma propriē dīcuntur ab armīs, id est humerīs, dēpendentia, ut scūtum, gladius, pūgiō, sīca; ut ea, quibus procul proeliāmur, tēla.",
"translation": "'Arma' 'weapons' are, properly speaking, that which hangs from the 'armi', that is 'shoulders,' such as the shield, sword, dirk, dagger; and such as that using which we fight at a distance, missiles.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"arms, weapons of war, weaponry, instruments (implements of warfare)"
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"english": "offensive weapons",
"translation": "offensive weapons",
"word": "tēla"
}
],
"id": "en-arma-la-noun-gHL8-E-v",
"links": [
[
"arms",
"arms"
],
[
"weapons",
"weapons"
],
[
"war",
"war"
],
[
"weaponry",
"weaponry"
],
[
"instruments",
"instruments"
],
[
"warfare",
"warfare#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter",
"plural",
"plural-only"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 12 17 18 3 3 4 14 3 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 12 11 11 9 12 12 11 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 12 17 21 6 6 6 14 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin pluralia tantum",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"arms, weapons of war, weaponry, instruments (implements of warfare)",
"defensive arms: armour, shields (etc.)"
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"english": "offensive weapons",
"translation": "offensive weapons",
"word": "tēla"
}
],
"id": "en-arma-la-noun-6fA~P3bK",
"links": [
[
"arms",
"arms"
],
[
"weapons",
"weapons"
],
[
"war",
"war"
],
[
"weaponry",
"weaponry"
],
[
"instruments",
"instruments"
],
[
"warfare",
"warfare#English"
],
[
"defensive",
"defensive"
],
[
"armour",
"armour"
],
[
"shield",
"shield"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter",
"plural",
"plural-only"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"english": "missiles",
"translation": "missiles",
"word": "tēla"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 12 17 18 3 3 4 14 3 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 12 11 11 9 12 12 11 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 12 17 21 6 6 6 14 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin pluralia tantum",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"arms, weapons of war, weaponry, instruments (implements of warfare)",
"close-quarter weapons (offensive or defensive)"
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"english": "offensive weapons",
"translation": "offensive weapons",
"word": "tēla"
}
],
"id": "en-arma-la-noun-6hdMC7Tm",
"links": [
[
"arms",
"arms"
],
[
"weapons",
"weapons"
],
[
"war",
"war"
],
[
"weaponry",
"weaponry"
],
[
"instruments",
"instruments"
],
[
"warfare",
"warfare#English"
],
[
"close-quarter",
"close-quarter"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter",
"plural",
"plural-only"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 12 17 18 3 3 4 14 3 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 12 11 11 9 12 12 11 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 12 17 21 6 6 6 14 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin pluralia tantum",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 12 21 32 1 1 1 16 1 4",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Weapons",
"orig": "la:Weapons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"arms, weapons of war, weaponry, instruments (implements of warfare)",
"missile weapons"
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"english": "offensive weapons",
"translation": "offensive weapons",
"word": "tēla"
}
],
"id": "en-arma-la-noun-PlF5ACXH",
"links": [
[
"arms",
"arms"
],
[
"weapons",
"weapons"
],
[
"war",
"war"
],
[
"weaponry",
"weaponry"
],
[
"instruments",
"instruments"
],
[
"warfare",
"warfare#English"
],
[
"missile",
"missile"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"arms, weapons of war, weaponry, instruments (implements of warfare)",
"(poetic) missile weapons"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "tēla"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter",
"plural",
"plural-only",
"poetic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin metonyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"military action, war (arms as instruments of policy)"
],
"id": "en-arma-la-noun-kSTF7l25",
"links": [
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"action",
"action"
],
[
"war",
"war"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(metonymic) military action, war (arms as instruments of policy)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"metonymically",
"neuter",
"plural",
"plural-only"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 12 11 11 9 12 12 11 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "… nor do young [soldiers] practice their military drills, ….\n(Carthage becomes vulnerable once its youth stop training for combat; figuratively, the queen has lowered her own defenses.)",
"ref": "29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.86-87",
"text": "… nōn arma iuventūs / exercet, ….",
"translation": "… nor do young [soldiers] practice their military drills, ….\n(Carthage becomes vulnerable once its youth stop training for combat; figuratively, the queen has lowered her own defenses.)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"warfare, battle (military exploits)"
],
"id": "en-arma-la-noun-h4PfMKYd",
"links": [
[
"warfare",
"warfare"
],
[
"battle",
"battle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(abstract or concrete) warfare, battle (military exploits)"
],
"tags": [
"abstract",
"concrete",
"declension-2",
"neuter",
"plural",
"plural-only"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin metonyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "11 12 11 11 9 12 12 11 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"troops, military forces, the army"
],
"id": "en-arma-la-noun-KY8ycXnm",
"links": [
[
"troops",
"troops"
],
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"forces",
"forces"
],
[
"army",
"army"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(metonymic) troops, military forces, the army"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"metonymically",
"neuter",
"plural",
"plural-only"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 12 17 18 3 3 4 14 3 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 12 11 11 9 12 12 11 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 12 17 21 6 6 6 14 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin pluralia tantum",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"weapons as means of defence"
],
"id": "en-arma-la-noun-c4BX~myk",
"links": [
[
"defence",
"defence"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter",
"plural",
"plural-only"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 12 11 11 9 12 12 11 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tools, equipment"
],
"id": "en-arma-la-noun-bN-FR28L",
"links": [
[
"tool",
"tool"
],
[
"equipment",
"equipment"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) tools, equipment"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "armāmenta"
}
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"declension-2",
"neuter",
"plural",
"plural-only"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈar.ma]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈar.ma]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "arma"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"lang_code": "dlm",
"word": "jarma"
},
{
"lang": "Extremaduran",
"lang_code": "ext",
"word": "arma"
},
{
"lang": "Istriot",
"lang_code": "ist",
"word": "arma"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "arma"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "arme"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "arme"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrm",
"word": "arme"
},
{
"lang": "Breton",
"lang_code": "br",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "arm"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes",
"back-formation"
],
"word": "arm"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "arms"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "armas"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Irish",
"lang_code": "mga",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "armas"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"via the plural"
],
"word": "armes"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "arme"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "arma"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "arma"
}
],
"lang": "Old Occitan",
"lang_code": "pro",
"word": "arma"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Fala",
"lang_code": "fax",
"word": "arma"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "arma"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "arma"
}
],
"lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
"lang_code": "roa-opt",
"word": "arma"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "àrma"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Maltese",
"lang_code": "mt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "arma"
}
],
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "arma"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "arma"
},
{
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "armë"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Middle Cornish",
"lang_code": "cnx",
"raw_tags": [
"pl"
],
"word": "arvov"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"word": "arf"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Welsh",
"lang_code": "wlm",
"word": "arf"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"word": "arf"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Welsh",
"lang_code": "wlm",
"word": "aryf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Brythonic",
"lang_code": "cel-bry-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "*arβ̃"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "arm"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"word": "arm"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "arm"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "A nominative plural → feminine singular transfer from the \"weapons\" sense of Etymology 1, common during the Late Latin period.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "armae",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "arma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "armae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "armae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "armārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "armae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "armīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "armam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "armās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "armā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "armīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "armae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "arma<1>"
},
"expansion": "arma f (genitive armae); first declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "arma<1>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Late Latin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "12 12 17 18 3 3 4 14 3 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 9 9 7 9 9 8 10 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a piece of weaponry"
],
"id": "en-arma-la-noun-s0i-fme~",
"links": [
[
"weaponry",
"weaponry"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Late Latin) a piece of weaponry"
],
"tags": [
"Late-Latin",
"declension-1",
"feminine",
"plural",
"plural-only"
]
}
],
"word": "arma"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin feminine nouns",
"Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"Latin first declension nouns",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin neuter nouns",
"Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin pluralia tantum",
"Latin second declension nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 28 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with inline etymon for redlinks",
"la:Weapons"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "armāmenta"
},
{
"word": "armāmentum"
},
{
"word": "armārium"
},
{
"word": "armiductor"
},
{
"word": "armifer"
},
{
"word": "armiger"
},
{
"word": "armilausa"
},
{
"word": "armipotēns"
},
{
"word": "armisonus"
},
{
"word": "armō"
},
{
"word": "coarmiō"
},
{
"word": "inermis"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": ":der",
"3": "ine-pro:*h₂(e)rmos<id:fitting><ety:der<ine-pro:*h₂er-<id:to fit>>>",
"id": "arms"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*h₂(e)rmos",
"t": "fitting"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂(e)rmos (“fitting”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂er-mn̥-tom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂er-mn̥-tom",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ऋत",
"t": "order; right; agreement etc.",
"tr": "ṛtá"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit ऋत (ṛtá, “order; right; agreement etc.”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἀραρίσκω",
"t": "to fit together"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἀραρίσκω (ararískō, “to fit together”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "առնեմ",
"3": "արարի",
"t": "I made"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian արարի (arari, “I made”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *h₂(e)rmos (“fitting”), from the root *h₂er- (“to join”). armentum is an independent derivation from the same root, as if from Proto-Indo-European *h₂er-mn̥-tom. Cognates include Sanskrit ऋत (ṛtá, “order; right; agreement etc.”) and अरम् (áram, “fitting”), Ancient Greek ἀραρίσκω (ararískō, “to fit together”) and Old Armenian արարի (arari, “I made”).\nSemantic development was \"that what is fitted together\" → \"tools\" → \"weapons\". Also related to ars, artus, rītus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "armōrum",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "arma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "armōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "armum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "armīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "armīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "arma<2>"
},
"expansion": "arma n pl (genitive armōrum); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "plurale tantum"
},
"expansion": "(plural only)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "arma<2>",
"gen_pl": "armōrum/armum"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "[…] : he orders the mules to be stripped off their saddles and, leaving them only some two small pieces of patchwork to be sat on, be mounted with their muleteers carrying weapons taken from either the prisoners or the sick.",
"ref": "27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita 7.14",
"text": "[…] : mulis strata detrahi iubet binisque tantum centunculis relictis agasones partim captivis, partim aegrorum armis ornatos imponit.",
"translation": "[…] : he orders the mules to be stripped off their saddles and, leaving them only some two small pieces of patchwork to be sat on, be mounted with their muleteers carrying weapons taken from either the prisoners or the sick."
},
{
"english": "to strengthen the defences of the city, to accumulate stores of corn, to prepare a supply of missiles and arms",
"ref": "27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita 29.4.2.3",
"text": "mūnīre urbem, frūmentum convehere, tēla arma parāre",
"translation": "to strengthen the defences of the city, to accumulate stores of corn, to prepare a supply of missiles and arms"
},
{
"english": "Meanwhile, [Chiron] looks at the club and the spoils of the lion, and says, “Man [worthy] for these arms, and arms worthy for the man!”\n(The centaur Chiron addresses Hercules who has slain the Nemean lion in close combat.)",
"ref": "8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 5.393–394",
"roman": "‘vir’ que ait ‘hīs armīs, armaque digna virō!’",
"text": "respicit intereā clāvam spoliumque leōnis,",
"translation": "Meanwhile, [Chiron] looks at the club and the spoils of the lion, and says, “Man [worthy] for these arms, and arms worthy for the man!”\n(The centaur Chiron addresses Hercules who has slain the Nemean lion in close combat.)"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
7,
15
]
],
"english": "'Arma' 'weapons' are, properly speaking, that which hangs from the 'armi', that is 'shoulders,' such as the shield, sword, dirk, dagger; and such as that using which we fight at a distance, missiles.",
"ref": "1839 [8th century CE], Paulus Diaconus, edited by Karl Otfried Müller, Excerpta ex libris Pompeii Festi De significatione verborum, page 2, line 13:",
"text": "Arma propriē dīcuntur ab armīs, id est humerīs, dēpendentia, ut scūtum, gladius, pūgiō, sīca; ut ea, quibus procul proeliāmur, tēla.",
"translation": "'Arma' 'weapons' are, properly speaking, that which hangs from the 'armi', that is 'shoulders,' such as the shield, sword, dirk, dagger; and such as that using which we fight at a distance, missiles.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"arms, weapons of war, weaponry, instruments (implements of warfare)"
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"english": "offensive weapons",
"translation": "offensive weapons",
"word": "tēla"
}
],
"links": [
[
"arms",
"arms"
],
[
"weapons",
"weapons"
],
[
"war",
"war"
],
[
"weaponry",
"weaponry"
],
[
"instruments",
"instruments"
],
[
"warfare",
"warfare#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter",
"plural",
"plural-only"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"glosses": [
"arms, weapons of war, weaponry, instruments (implements of warfare)",
"defensive arms: armour, shields (etc.)"
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"english": "offensive weapons",
"translation": "offensive weapons",
"word": "tēla"
}
],
"links": [
[
"arms",
"arms"
],
[
"weapons",
"weapons"
],
[
"war",
"war"
],
[
"weaponry",
"weaponry"
],
[
"instruments",
"instruments"
],
[
"warfare",
"warfare#English"
],
[
"defensive",
"defensive"
],
[
"armour",
"armour"
],
[
"shield",
"shield"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter",
"plural",
"plural-only"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"english": "missiles",
"translation": "missiles",
"word": "tēla"
}
],
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"glosses": [
"arms, weapons of war, weaponry, instruments (implements of warfare)",
"close-quarter weapons (offensive or defensive)"
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"english": "offensive weapons",
"translation": "offensive weapons",
"word": "tēla"
}
],
"links": [
[
"arms",
"arms"
],
[
"weapons",
"weapons"
],
[
"war",
"war"
],
[
"weaponry",
"weaponry"
],
[
"instruments",
"instruments"
],
[
"warfare",
"warfare#English"
],
[
"close-quarter",
"close-quarter"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter",
"plural",
"plural-only"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin poetic terms",
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"glosses": [
"arms, weapons of war, weaponry, instruments (implements of warfare)",
"missile weapons"
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"english": "offensive weapons",
"translation": "offensive weapons",
"word": "tēla"
}
],
"links": [
[
"arms",
"arms"
],
[
"weapons",
"weapons"
],
[
"war",
"war"
],
[
"weaponry",
"weaponry"
],
[
"instruments",
"instruments"
],
[
"warfare",
"warfare#English"
],
[
"missile",
"missile"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"arms, weapons of war, weaponry, instruments (implements of warfare)",
"(poetic) missile weapons"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "tēla"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter",
"plural",
"plural-only",
"poetic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin metonyms"
],
"glosses": [
"military action, war (arms as instruments of policy)"
],
"links": [
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"action",
"action"
],
[
"war",
"war"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(metonymic) military action, war (arms as instruments of policy)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"metonymically",
"neuter",
"plural",
"plural-only"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "… nor do young [soldiers] practice their military drills, ….\n(Carthage becomes vulnerable once its youth stop training for combat; figuratively, the queen has lowered her own defenses.)",
"ref": "29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.86-87",
"text": "… nōn arma iuventūs / exercet, ….",
"translation": "… nor do young [soldiers] practice their military drills, ….\n(Carthage becomes vulnerable once its youth stop training for combat; figuratively, the queen has lowered her own defenses.)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"warfare, battle (military exploits)"
],
"links": [
[
"warfare",
"warfare"
],
[
"battle",
"battle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(abstract or concrete) warfare, battle (military exploits)"
],
"tags": [
"abstract",
"concrete",
"declension-2",
"neuter",
"plural",
"plural-only"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin metonyms"
],
"glosses": [
"troops, military forces, the army"
],
"links": [
[
"troops",
"troops"
],
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"forces",
"forces"
],
[
"army",
"army"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(metonymic) troops, military forces, the army"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"metonymically",
"neuter",
"plural",
"plural-only"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"weapons as means of defence"
],
"links": [
[
"defence",
"defence"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter",
"plural",
"plural-only"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"tools, equipment"
],
"links": [
[
"tool",
"tool"
],
[
"equipment",
"equipment"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) tools, equipment"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "armāmenta"
}
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"declension-2",
"neuter",
"plural",
"plural-only"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈar.ma]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈar.ma]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "arma"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin feminine nouns",
"Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"Latin first declension nouns",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin nouns",
"Pages with 28 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"la:Weapons"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"lang_code": "dlm",
"word": "jarma"
},
{
"lang": "Extremaduran",
"lang_code": "ext",
"word": "arma"
},
{
"lang": "Istriot",
"lang_code": "ist",
"word": "arma"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "arma"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "arme"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "arme"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrm",
"word": "arme"
},
{
"lang": "Breton",
"lang_code": "br",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "arm"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes",
"back-formation"
],
"word": "arm"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "arms"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "armas"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Irish",
"lang_code": "mga",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "armas"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"via the plural"
],
"word": "armes"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "arme"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "arma"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "arma"
}
],
"lang": "Old Occitan",
"lang_code": "pro",
"word": "arma"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Fala",
"lang_code": "fax",
"word": "arma"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "arma"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "arma"
}
],
"lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
"lang_code": "roa-opt",
"word": "arma"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "àrma"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Maltese",
"lang_code": "mt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "arma"
}
],
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "arma"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "arma"
},
{
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "armë"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Middle Cornish",
"lang_code": "cnx",
"raw_tags": [
"pl"
],
"word": "arvov"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"word": "arf"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Welsh",
"lang_code": "wlm",
"word": "arf"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"word": "arf"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Welsh",
"lang_code": "wlm",
"word": "aryf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Brythonic",
"lang_code": "cel-bry-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "*arβ̃"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "arm"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"word": "arm"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "arm"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "A nominative plural → feminine singular transfer from the \"weapons\" sense of Etymology 1, common during the Late Latin period.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "armae",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "arma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "armae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "armae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "armārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "armae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "armīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "armam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "armās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "armā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "armīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "armae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "arma<1>"
},
"expansion": "arma f (genitive armae); first declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "arma<1>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Late Latin"
],
"glosses": [
"a piece of weaponry"
],
"links": [
[
"weaponry",
"weaponry"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Late Latin) a piece of weaponry"
],
"tags": [
"Late-Latin",
"declension-1",
"feminine",
"plural",
"plural-only"
]
}
],
"word": "arma"
}
Download raw JSONL data for arma meaning in Latin (14.9kB)
{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "''arms, weapons of war, weaponry'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
"arma"
],
"section": "Latin",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "arma",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-02 using wiktextract (6fdc867 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.