See arma in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "armāmenta"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "armārium"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "armiductor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "armifer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "armiger"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "armilausa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "armipotēns"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "armisonus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "armō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "coarmiō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "inermis"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂er-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "der",
"3": "ine-pro>*h₂(e)rmos>fitting",
"id": "arms"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*h₂(e)rmos",
"t": "fitting"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂(e)rmos (“fitting”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂er-mn̥-tom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂er-mn̥-tom",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ऋत",
"t": "order; right; agreement etc.",
"tr": "ṛtá"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit ऋत (ṛtá, “order; right; agreement etc.”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἀραρίσκω",
"t": "to fit together"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἀραρίσκω (ararískō, “to fit together”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "առնեմ",
"3": "արարի",
"t": "I made"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian արարի (arari, “I made”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *h₂(e)rmos (“fitting”), from the root *h₂er- (“to join”). armentum is an independent derivation from the same root, as if from Proto-Indo-European *h₂er-mn̥-tom. Cognates include Sanskrit ऋत (ṛtá, “order; right; agreement etc.”) and अरम् (áram, “fitting”), Ancient Greek ἀραρίσκω (ararískō, “to fit together”) and Old Armenian արարի (arari, “I made”).\nSemantic development was \"that what is fitted together\" → \"tools\" → \"weapons\". Also related to ars, artus, rītus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "armōrum",
"head_nr": 1,
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "arma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "armōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "armum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "armīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "armīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "arma<2>"
},
"expansion": "arma n pl (genitive armōrum); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pluralonly"
},
"expansion": "(plural only)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "arma<2>",
"gen_pl": "armōrum/armum"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 11 13 11 8 15 12 9 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"arms, weapons of war, weaponry, instruments (implements of warfare)",
"defensive arms: armour, shields (etc.)"
],
"head_nr": 2,
"id": "en-arma-la-noun-6fA~P3bK",
"links": [
[
"arms",
"arms"
],
[
"weapons",
"weapons"
],
[
"war",
"war"
],
[
"weaponry",
"weaponry"
],
[
"instruments",
"instruments"
],
[
"warfare",
"warfare#English"
],
[
"defensive",
"defensive"
],
[
"armour",
"armour"
],
[
"shield",
"shield"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter",
"plural",
"plural-only"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"english": "missiles",
"word": "tēla"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 11 13 11 8 15 12 9 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"arms, weapons of war, weaponry, instruments (implements of warfare)",
"close-quarter weapons (offensive or defensive)"
],
"head_nr": 2,
"id": "en-arma-la-noun-6hdMC7Tm",
"links": [
[
"arms",
"arms"
],
[
"weapons",
"weapons"
],
[
"war",
"war"
],
[
"weaponry",
"weaponry"
],
[
"instruments",
"instruments"
],
[
"warfare",
"warfare#English"
],
[
"close-quarter",
"close-quarter"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter",
"plural",
"plural-only"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 19 24 13 3 4 4 16 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries referencing etymons with invalid IDs",
"parents": [
"Entries referencing etymons with invalid IDs",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 18 25 11 1 2 2 13 2 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 11 13 11 8 15 12 9 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 16 23 12 5 6 6 14 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin pluralia tantum",
"parents": [
"Pluralia tantum",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 14 29 10 3 5 6 11 8 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Weapons",
"orig": "la:Weapons",
"parents": [
"Hunting",
"Military",
"Tools",
"Human activity",
"Society",
"Technology",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"arms, weapons of war, weaponry, instruments (implements of warfare)",
"missile weapons"
],
"head_nr": 2,
"id": "en-arma-la-noun-PlF5ACXH",
"links": [
[
"arms",
"arms"
],
[
"weapons",
"weapons"
],
[
"war",
"war"
],
[
"weaponry",
"weaponry"
],
[
"instruments",
"instruments"
],
[
"warfare",
"warfare#English"
],
[
"missile",
"missile"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"arms, weapons of war, weaponry, instruments (implements of warfare)",
"(poetic) missile weapons"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "tēla"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter",
"plural",
"plural-only",
"poetic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 11 13 11 8 15 12 9 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to strengthen the defences of the city, to accumulate stores of corn, to prepare a supply of missiles and arms",
"ref": "27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita 29.4.2.3",
"text": "mūnīre urbem, frūmentum convehere, tēla arma parāre"
},
{
"english": "Meanwhile, [Chiron] looks at the club and the spoils of the lion, and says, “Man [worthy] for these arms, and arms worthy for the man!”\n(The centaur Chiron addresses Hercules who has slain the Nemean lion in close combat.)",
"ref": "8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 5.393–394",
"roman": "‘vir’ que ait ‘hīs armīs, armaque digna virō!’",
"text": "respicit intereā clāvam spoliumque leōnis,"
},
{
"english": "'Arma' 'weapons' are, properly speaking, that which hangs from the 'armi', that is 'shoulders,' such as the shield, sword, dirk, dagger; and such as that using which we fight at a distance, missiles.",
"ref": "1839 [8th century CE], Paulus Diaconus, edited by Karl Otfried Müller, Excerpta ex libris Pompeii Festi De significatione verborum, page 2, line 13:",
"text": "Arma propriē dīcuntur ab armīs, id est humerīs, dēpendentia, ut scūtum, gladius, pūgiō, sīca; ut ea, quibus procul proeliāmur, tēla.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"arms, weapons of war, weaponry, instruments (implements of warfare)"
],
"head_nr": 2,
"id": "en-arma-la-noun-gHL8-E-v",
"links": [
[
"arms",
"arms"
],
[
"weapons",
"weapons"
],
[
"war",
"war"
],
[
"weaponry",
"weaponry"
],
[
"instruments",
"instruments"
],
[
"warfare",
"warfare#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter",
"plural",
"plural-only"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin metonyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"military action, war (arms as instruments of policy)"
],
"head_nr": 2,
"id": "en-arma-la-noun-kSTF7l25",
"links": [
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"action",
"action"
],
[
"war",
"war"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(metonymically) military action, war (arms as instruments of policy)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"metonymically",
"neuter",
"plural",
"plural-only"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 11 13 11 8 15 12 9 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "… nor do young [soldiers] practice their military drills, ….\n(Carthage becomes vulnerable once its youth stop training for combat; figuratively, the queen has lowered her own defenses.)",
"ref": "29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.86-87",
"text": "… nōn arma iuventūs / exercet, …."
}
],
"glosses": [
"warfare, battle (military exploits)"
],
"head_nr": 2,
"id": "en-arma-la-noun-h4PfMKYd",
"links": [
[
"warfare",
"warfare"
],
[
"battle",
"battle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(abstract or concrete) warfare, battle (military exploits)"
],
"tags": [
"abstract",
"concrete",
"declension-2",
"neuter",
"plural",
"plural-only"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin metonyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "11 11 13 11 8 15 12 9 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"troops, military forces, the army"
],
"head_nr": 2,
"id": "en-arma-la-noun-KY8ycXnm",
"links": [
[
"troops",
"troops"
],
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"forces",
"forces"
],
[
"army",
"army"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(metonymically) troops, military forces, the army"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"metonymically",
"neuter",
"plural",
"plural-only"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"weapons as means of defence"
],
"head_nr": 2,
"id": "en-arma-la-noun-c4BX~myk",
"links": [
[
"defence",
"defence"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter",
"plural",
"plural-only"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 11 13 11 8 15 12 9 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tools, equipment"
],
"head_nr": 2,
"id": "en-arma-la-noun-bN-FR28L",
"links": [
[
"tool",
"tool"
],
[
"equipment",
"equipment"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) tools, equipment"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "armāmenta"
}
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"declension-2",
"neuter",
"plural",
"plural-only"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈar.ma/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈärmä]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈar.ma/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈärmä]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"la:arma"
],
"word": "arma"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlm",
"2": "jarma"
},
"expansion": "Dalmatian: jarma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dalmatian: jarma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Eastern Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "armã"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian: armã",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aromanian: armã"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruo",
"2": "årmĕ"
},
"expansion": "Istro-Romanian: årmĕ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Istro-Romanian: årmĕ"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "armă"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: armă",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: armă"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ext",
"2": "arma"
},
"expansion": "Extremaduran: arma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Extremaduran: arma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "arma"
},
"expansion": "Italian: arma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: arma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-oan",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Navarro-Aragonese:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Navarro-Aragonese:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "an",
"2": "arma"
},
"expansion": "Aragonese: arma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aragonese: arma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "arme"
},
"expansion": "Old French: arme\nMiddle French: arme\nFrench: arme\nNorman: arme\n→ Breton: arm\n→ Middle English: armes (via the plural)\nEnglish: arms\n⇒ English: arm (back-formation)\n→ Middle Irish: armas\nIrish: armas",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old French: arme\nMiddle French: arme\nFrench: arme\nNorman: arme\n→ Breton: arm\n→ Middle English: armes (via the plural)\nEnglish: arms\n⇒ English: arm (back-formation)\n→ Middle Irish: armas\nIrish: armas"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-ole",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Leonese:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Leonese:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "arma"
},
"expansion": "Asturian: arma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Asturian: arma"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mwl",
"2": "arma"
},
"expansion": "Mirandese: arma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mirandese: arma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "arma"
},
"expansion": "Old Occitan: arma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Occitan: arma"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "arma"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: arma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: arma"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "arma"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: arma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: arma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "arma"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese: arma\nFala: arma\nGalician: arma\nPortuguese: arma",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese: arma\nFala: arma\nGalician: arma\nPortuguese: arma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Spanish:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Spanish:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "arma"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: arma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: arma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Rhaeto-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "arme"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: arme",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: arme"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lld",
"2": "erma"
},
"expansion": "Ladin: erma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ladin: erma"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rm",
"2": "arma"
},
"expansion": "Romansch: arma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romansch: arma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "àrma"
},
"expansion": "Sardinian: àrma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sardinian: àrma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "arma"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: arma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: arma"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mt",
"2": "arma",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Maltese: arma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Maltese: arma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "arma"
},
"expansion": "Venetan: arma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Venetan: arma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "armë",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Albanian: armë",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Albanian: armë"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*arβ̃",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Brythonic: *arβ̃",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Brythonic: *arβ̃"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "arf"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: arf, aryf\nWelsh: arf",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: arf, aryf\nWelsh: arf"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "arm",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Irish: arm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Irish: arm"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "arm"
},
"expansion": "Irish: arm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: arm"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "arm"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: arm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: arm"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "A nominative plural → feminine singular transfer from the \"weapons\" sense of Etymology 1, common during the Late Latin period.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "armae",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "arma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "armae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "armae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "armārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "armae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "armīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "armam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "armās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "armā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "armīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "armae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "arma<1>"
},
"expansion": "arma f (genitive armae); first declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "arma<1>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Late Latin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 9 9 7 10 9 9 10 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a piece of weaponry"
],
"id": "en-arma-la-noun-s0i-fme~",
"links": [
[
"weaponry",
"weaponry"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Late Latin) a piece of weaponry"
],
"tags": [
"Late-Latin",
"declension-1",
"feminine",
"plural",
"plural-only"
]
}
],
"word": "arma"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries referencing etymons with invalid IDs",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin feminine nouns",
"Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"Latin first declension nouns",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin neuter nouns",
"Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin nouns with red links in their inflection tables",
"Latin pluralia tantum",
"Latin second declension nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂er-",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"la:Weapons"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "armāmenta"
},
{
"word": "armārium"
},
{
"word": "armiductor"
},
{
"word": "armifer"
},
{
"word": "armiger"
},
{
"word": "armilausa"
},
{
"word": "armipotēns"
},
{
"word": "armisonus"
},
{
"word": "armō"
},
{
"word": "coarmiō"
},
{
"word": "inermis"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂er-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "der",
"3": "ine-pro>*h₂(e)rmos>fitting",
"id": "arms"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*h₂(e)rmos",
"t": "fitting"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂(e)rmos (“fitting”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂er-mn̥-tom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂er-mn̥-tom",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ऋत",
"t": "order; right; agreement etc.",
"tr": "ṛtá"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit ऋत (ṛtá, “order; right; agreement etc.”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἀραρίσκω",
"t": "to fit together"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἀραρίσκω (ararískō, “to fit together”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "առնեմ",
"3": "արարի",
"t": "I made"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian արարի (arari, “I made”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *h₂(e)rmos (“fitting”), from the root *h₂er- (“to join”). armentum is an independent derivation from the same root, as if from Proto-Indo-European *h₂er-mn̥-tom. Cognates include Sanskrit ऋत (ṛtá, “order; right; agreement etc.”) and अरम् (áram, “fitting”), Ancient Greek ἀραρίσκω (ararískō, “to fit together”) and Old Armenian արարի (arari, “I made”).\nSemantic development was \"that what is fitted together\" → \"tools\" → \"weapons\". Also related to ars, artus, rītus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "armōrum",
"head_nr": 1,
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "arma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "armōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "armum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "armīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "armīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "arma<2>"
},
"expansion": "arma n pl (genitive armōrum); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pluralonly"
},
"expansion": "(plural only)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "arma<2>",
"gen_pl": "armōrum/armum"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"glosses": [
"arms, weapons of war, weaponry, instruments (implements of warfare)",
"defensive arms: armour, shields (etc.)"
],
"head_nr": 2,
"links": [
[
"arms",
"arms"
],
[
"weapons",
"weapons"
],
[
"war",
"war"
],
[
"weaponry",
"weaponry"
],
[
"instruments",
"instruments"
],
[
"warfare",
"warfare#English"
],
[
"defensive",
"defensive"
],
[
"armour",
"armour"
],
[
"shield",
"shield"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter",
"plural",
"plural-only"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"english": "missiles",
"word": "tēla"
}
],
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"glosses": [
"arms, weapons of war, weaponry, instruments (implements of warfare)",
"close-quarter weapons (offensive or defensive)"
],
"head_nr": 2,
"links": [
[
"arms",
"arms"
],
[
"weapons",
"weapons"
],
[
"war",
"war"
],
[
"weaponry",
"weaponry"
],
[
"instruments",
"instruments"
],
[
"warfare",
"warfare#English"
],
[
"close-quarter",
"close-quarter"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter",
"plural",
"plural-only"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin poetic terms",
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"glosses": [
"arms, weapons of war, weaponry, instruments (implements of warfare)",
"missile weapons"
],
"head_nr": 2,
"links": [
[
"arms",
"arms"
],
[
"weapons",
"weapons"
],
[
"war",
"war"
],
[
"weaponry",
"weaponry"
],
[
"instruments",
"instruments"
],
[
"warfare",
"warfare#English"
],
[
"missile",
"missile"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"arms, weapons of war, weaponry, instruments (implements of warfare)",
"(poetic) missile weapons"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "tēla"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter",
"plural",
"plural-only",
"poetic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to strengthen the defences of the city, to accumulate stores of corn, to prepare a supply of missiles and arms",
"ref": "27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita 29.4.2.3",
"text": "mūnīre urbem, frūmentum convehere, tēla arma parāre"
},
{
"english": "Meanwhile, [Chiron] looks at the club and the spoils of the lion, and says, “Man [worthy] for these arms, and arms worthy for the man!”\n(The centaur Chiron addresses Hercules who has slain the Nemean lion in close combat.)",
"ref": "8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 5.393–394",
"roman": "‘vir’ que ait ‘hīs armīs, armaque digna virō!’",
"text": "respicit intereā clāvam spoliumque leōnis,"
},
{
"english": "'Arma' 'weapons' are, properly speaking, that which hangs from the 'armi', that is 'shoulders,' such as the shield, sword, dirk, dagger; and such as that using which we fight at a distance, missiles.",
"ref": "1839 [8th century CE], Paulus Diaconus, edited by Karl Otfried Müller, Excerpta ex libris Pompeii Festi De significatione verborum, page 2, line 13:",
"text": "Arma propriē dīcuntur ab armīs, id est humerīs, dēpendentia, ut scūtum, gladius, pūgiō, sīca; ut ea, quibus procul proeliāmur, tēla.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"arms, weapons of war, weaponry, instruments (implements of warfare)"
],
"head_nr": 2,
"links": [
[
"arms",
"arms"
],
[
"weapons",
"weapons"
],
[
"war",
"war"
],
[
"weaponry",
"weaponry"
],
[
"instruments",
"instruments"
],
[
"warfare",
"warfare#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter",
"plural",
"plural-only"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin metonyms"
],
"glosses": [
"military action, war (arms as instruments of policy)"
],
"head_nr": 2,
"links": [
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"action",
"action"
],
[
"war",
"war"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(metonymically) military action, war (arms as instruments of policy)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"metonymically",
"neuter",
"plural",
"plural-only"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "… nor do young [soldiers] practice their military drills, ….\n(Carthage becomes vulnerable once its youth stop training for combat; figuratively, the queen has lowered her own defenses.)",
"ref": "29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.86-87",
"text": "… nōn arma iuventūs / exercet, …."
}
],
"glosses": [
"warfare, battle (military exploits)"
],
"head_nr": 2,
"links": [
[
"warfare",
"warfare"
],
[
"battle",
"battle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(abstract or concrete) warfare, battle (military exploits)"
],
"tags": [
"abstract",
"concrete",
"declension-2",
"neuter",
"plural",
"plural-only"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin metonyms"
],
"glosses": [
"troops, military forces, the army"
],
"head_nr": 2,
"links": [
[
"troops",
"troops"
],
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"forces",
"forces"
],
[
"army",
"army"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(metonymically) troops, military forces, the army"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"metonymically",
"neuter",
"plural",
"plural-only"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"weapons as means of defence"
],
"head_nr": 2,
"links": [
[
"defence",
"defence"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter",
"plural",
"plural-only"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"tools, equipment"
],
"head_nr": 2,
"links": [
[
"tool",
"tool"
],
[
"equipment",
"equipment"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) tools, equipment"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "armāmenta"
}
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"declension-2",
"neuter",
"plural",
"plural-only"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈar.ma/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈärmä]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈar.ma/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈärmä]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"la:arma"
],
"word": "arma"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin feminine nouns",
"Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"Latin first declension nouns",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin nouns with red links in their inflection tables",
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"la:Weapons"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlm",
"2": "jarma"
},
"expansion": "Dalmatian: jarma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dalmatian: jarma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Eastern Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "armã"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian: armã",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aromanian: armã"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruo",
"2": "årmĕ"
},
"expansion": "Istro-Romanian: årmĕ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Istro-Romanian: årmĕ"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "armă"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: armă",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: armă"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ext",
"2": "arma"
},
"expansion": "Extremaduran: arma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Extremaduran: arma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "arma"
},
"expansion": "Italian: arma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: arma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-oan",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Navarro-Aragonese:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Navarro-Aragonese:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "an",
"2": "arma"
},
"expansion": "Aragonese: arma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aragonese: arma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "arme"
},
"expansion": "Old French: arme\nMiddle French: arme\nFrench: arme\nNorman: arme\n→ Breton: arm\n→ Middle English: armes (via the plural)\nEnglish: arms\n⇒ English: arm (back-formation)\n→ Middle Irish: armas\nIrish: armas",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old French: arme\nMiddle French: arme\nFrench: arme\nNorman: arme\n→ Breton: arm\n→ Middle English: armes (via the plural)\nEnglish: arms\n⇒ English: arm (back-formation)\n→ Middle Irish: armas\nIrish: armas"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-ole",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Leonese:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Leonese:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "arma"
},
"expansion": "Asturian: arma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Asturian: arma"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mwl",
"2": "arma"
},
"expansion": "Mirandese: arma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mirandese: arma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "arma"
},
"expansion": "Old Occitan: arma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Occitan: arma"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "arma"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: arma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: arma"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "arma"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: arma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: arma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "arma"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese: arma\nFala: arma\nGalician: arma\nPortuguese: arma",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese: arma\nFala: arma\nGalician: arma\nPortuguese: arma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Spanish:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Spanish:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "arma"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: arma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: arma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Rhaeto-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "arme"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: arme",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: arme"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lld",
"2": "erma"
},
"expansion": "Ladin: erma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ladin: erma"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rm",
"2": "arma"
},
"expansion": "Romansch: arma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romansch: arma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "àrma"
},
"expansion": "Sardinian: àrma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sardinian: àrma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "arma"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: arma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: arma"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mt",
"2": "arma",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Maltese: arma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Maltese: arma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "arma"
},
"expansion": "Venetan: arma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Venetan: arma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "armë",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Albanian: armë",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Albanian: armë"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*arβ̃",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Brythonic: *arβ̃",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Brythonic: *arβ̃"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "arf"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: arf, aryf\nWelsh: arf",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: arf, aryf\nWelsh: arf"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "arm",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Irish: arm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Irish: arm"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "arm"
},
"expansion": "Irish: arm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: arm"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "arm"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: arm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: arm"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "A nominative plural → feminine singular transfer from the \"weapons\" sense of Etymology 1, common during the Late Latin period.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "armae",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "arma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "armae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "armae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "armārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "armae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "armīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "armam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "armās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "armā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "armīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "arma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "armae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "arma<1>"
},
"expansion": "arma f (genitive armae); first declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "arma<1>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Late Latin"
],
"glosses": [
"a piece of weaponry"
],
"links": [
[
"weaponry",
"weaponry"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Late Latin) a piece of weaponry"
],
"tags": [
"Late-Latin",
"declension-1",
"feminine",
"plural",
"plural-only"
]
}
],
"word": "arma"
}
Download raw JSONL data for arma meaning in Latin (15.9kB)
{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "''arms, weapons of war, weaponry'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
"arma"
],
"section": "Latin",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "arma",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-21 using wiktextract (7c21d10 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.