"angustus" meaning in Latin

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "word": "lātus"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "angustē"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "angusti-"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "angustia"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "angusticlāvius"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "angustō"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "angustum"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "coangustus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "perangustus"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂enǵʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂enǵʰ-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "narrow, tight"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂enǵʰ- (“narrow, tight”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "eng"
      },
      "expansion": "German eng",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "अंहु",
        "tr": "áṃhu"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit अंहु (áṃhu)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cu",
        "2": "ѫзъкъ"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic ѫзъкъ (ǫzŭkŭ)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *h₂enǵʰ- (“narrow, tight”) via a neuter s-stem noun *h₂enǵʰ-os (“narrowness”) combined with the adjective-forming suffix *-tós (equivalent to -tus). Comparative data does not establish when the adjective was derived, but its form would hypothetically correspond to *h₂enǵʰostos in Proto-Indo-European and to *angostos in Proto-Italic or Pre-Latin: this became angustus by the Latin sound change of vowel reduction, which replaced *o with /u/ in non-initial closed syllables. The neuter s-stem noun (Proto-Indo-European *h₂enǵʰ-os, Proto-Italic *angos) would have evolved regularly in Classical Latin to *angus, *angeris if it had survived. Another word potentially derived from this noun is the name of the goddess Angerōna.\nThe root is also found in Latin angō and angor, and in German eng, Sanskrit अंहु (áṃhu), Old Church Slavonic ѫзъкъ (ǫzŭkŭ).\nFor the ending, compare onustus, venustus.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "angusta",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustum",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustior",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustissimus",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angusta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angusta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustārum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustōs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angusta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "anguste",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angusta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angusta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "angustus",
        "comp": "angustior",
        "sup": "angustissimus"
      },
      "expansion": "angustus (feminine angusta, neuter angustum, comparative angustior, superlative angustissimus); first/second-declension adjective",
      "name": "la-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "angustus"
      },
      "name": "la-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "angiportus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "angor"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "20 38 42",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 37 39",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "100 0 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Size",
          "orig": "la:Size",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "However, on account of the great number of people and their reputation for war and bravery, they thought that they had narrow boundaries, which extended 240 [Roman] miles in length and 180 in width.",
          "ref": "c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 1.2",
          "text": "Prō multitūdine autem hominum et prō glōriā bellī atque fortitūdinis angustōs sē fīnēs habēre arbitrābantur, quī in longitūdinem mīlia passuum CCXL, in lātitūdinem CLXXX patēbant.",
          "translation": "However, on account of the great number of people and their reputation for war and bravery, they thought that they had narrow boundaries, which extended 240 [Roman] miles in length and 180 in width.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "narrow, close, contracted, constricted, confined, small, not spacious"
      ],
      "id": "en-angustus-la-adj-MIv~0hZ9",
      "links": [
        [
          "narrow",
          "narrow"
        ],
        [
          "close",
          "close"
        ],
        [
          "contracted",
          "contracted"
        ],
        [
          "constricted",
          "constricted"
        ],
        [
          "confined",
          "confined"
        ],
        [
          "small",
          "small"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of space) narrow, close, contracted, constricted, confined, small, not spacious"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of space"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "18 48 34",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 38 42",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 37 39",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "narrow, strait"
      ],
      "id": "en-angustus-la-adj-~13tjv5s",
      "links": [
        [
          "narrow",
          "narrow"
        ],
        [
          "strait",
          "strait"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(as a substantive) narrow, strait"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "as a substantive"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "20 38 42",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 37 39",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Winter does not make the days short (for me).",
          "ref": "8 CE – 12 CE, Ovid, Sorrows 5",
          "text": "Efficit angustos nec mihi bruma dies.",
          "translation": "Winter does not make the days short (for me).",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "short, brief"
      ],
      "id": "en-angustus-la-adj-hJEdx6Uv",
      "links": [
        [
          "short",
          "short"
        ],
        [
          "brief",
          "brief"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively) short, brief"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2",
        "figuratively"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[aŋˈɡʊs.tʊs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[aŋˈɡus.tus]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "artus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "brevis"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "contractus"
    }
  ],
  "word": "angustus"
}

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "word": "lātus"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    "Latin 3-syllable words",
    "Latin adjectives",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin first and second declension adjectives",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂enǵʰ-",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "la:Size"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "angustē"
    },
    {
      "word": "angusti-"
    },
    {
      "word": "angustia"
    },
    {
      "word": "angusticlāvius"
    },
    {
      "word": "angustō"
    },
    {
      "word": "angustum"
    },
    {
      "word": "coangustus"
    },
    {
      "word": "perangustus"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂enǵʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂enǵʰ-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "narrow, tight"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂enǵʰ- (“narrow, tight”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "eng"
      },
      "expansion": "German eng",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "अंहु",
        "tr": "áṃhu"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit अंहु (áṃhu)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cu",
        "2": "ѫзъкъ"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic ѫзъкъ (ǫzŭkŭ)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *h₂enǵʰ- (“narrow, tight”) via a neuter s-stem noun *h₂enǵʰ-os (“narrowness”) combined with the adjective-forming suffix *-tós (equivalent to -tus). Comparative data does not establish when the adjective was derived, but its form would hypothetically correspond to *h₂enǵʰostos in Proto-Indo-European and to *angostos in Proto-Italic or Pre-Latin: this became angustus by the Latin sound change of vowel reduction, which replaced *o with /u/ in non-initial closed syllables. The neuter s-stem noun (Proto-Indo-European *h₂enǵʰ-os, Proto-Italic *angos) would have evolved regularly in Classical Latin to *angus, *angeris if it had survived. Another word potentially derived from this noun is the name of the goddess Angerōna.\nThe root is also found in Latin angō and angor, and in German eng, Sanskrit अंहु (áṃhu), Old Church Slavonic ѫзъкъ (ǫzŭkŭ).\nFor the ending, compare onustus, venustus.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "angusta",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustum",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustior",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustissimus",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angusta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angusta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustārum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustōs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angusta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "anguste",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angusta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angustae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "angusta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "angustus",
        "comp": "angustior",
        "sup": "angustissimus"
      },
      "expansion": "angustus (feminine angusta, neuter angustum, comparative angustior, superlative angustissimus); first/second-declension adjective",
      "name": "la-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "angustus"
      },
      "name": "la-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "angiportus"
    },
    {
      "word": "angor"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latin terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "However, on account of the great number of people and their reputation for war and bravery, they thought that they had narrow boundaries, which extended 240 [Roman] miles in length and 180 in width.",
          "ref": "c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 1.2",
          "text": "Prō multitūdine autem hominum et prō glōriā bellī atque fortitūdinis angustōs sē fīnēs habēre arbitrābantur, quī in longitūdinem mīlia passuum CCXL, in lātitūdinem CLXXX patēbant.",
          "translation": "However, on account of the great number of people and their reputation for war and bravery, they thought that they had narrow boundaries, which extended 240 [Roman] miles in length and 180 in width.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "narrow, close, contracted, constricted, confined, small, not spacious"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "narrow",
          "narrow"
        ],
        [
          "close",
          "close"
        ],
        [
          "contracted",
          "contracted"
        ],
        [
          "constricted",
          "constricted"
        ],
        [
          "confined",
          "confined"
        ],
        [
          "small",
          "small"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of space) narrow, close, contracted, constricted, confined, small, not spacious"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of space"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "narrow, strait"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "narrow",
          "narrow"
        ],
        [
          "strait",
          "strait"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(as a substantive) narrow, strait"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "as a substantive"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latin terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Winter does not make the days short (for me).",
          "ref": "8 CE – 12 CE, Ovid, Sorrows 5",
          "text": "Efficit angustos nec mihi bruma dies.",
          "translation": "Winter does not make the days short (for me).",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "short, brief"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "short",
          "short"
        ],
        [
          "brief",
          "brief"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively) short, brief"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2",
        "figuratively"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[aŋˈɡʊs.tʊs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[aŋˈɡus.tus]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "artus"
    },
    {
      "word": "brevis"
    },
    {
      "word": "contractus"
    }
  ],
  "word": "angustus"
}