"Orcus" meaning in Latin

See Orcus in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Proper name

IPA: [ˈɔr.kʊs] [Classical-Latin], [ˈɔr.kus] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)
Etymology: Unknown. Some refer it to Proto-Indo-European *h₂erk- (“to hold, shut in”), others to Ancient Greek ὅρκος (hórkos, “oath”), whence Proto-Italic *orkos. For the former, compare the semantics of English hell, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱel-. Etymology templates: {{unk|la}} Unknown, {{der|la|ine-pro|*h₂erk-||to hold, shut in}} Proto-Indo-European *h₂erk- (“to hold, shut in”), {{cog|grc|ὅρκος||oath}} Ancient Greek ὅρκος (hórkos, “oath”), {{inh|la|itc-pro|*orkos}} Proto-Italic *orkos, {{m+|en|hell}} English hell, {{m+|ine-pro|*ḱel-|id=cover}} Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- Head templates: {{la-proper noun|Orcus<2.both>}} Orcus m (genitive Orcī); second declension Inflection templates: {{la-ndecl|Orcus<2.both>}} Forms: Orcī [genitive], no-table-tags [table-tags], Orcus [nominative, singular], Orcī [nominative, plural], Orcī [genitive, singular], Orcōrum [genitive, plural], Orcō [dative, singular], Orcīs [dative, plural], Orcum [accusative, singular], Orcōs [accusative, plural], Orcō [ablative, singular], Orcīs [ablative, plural], Orce [singular, vocative], Orcī [plural, vocative], Orchus [alternative, Medieval-Latin]
  1. the underworld Tags: declension-2, masculine
    Sense id: en-Orcus-la-name-9trSvD3Z
  2. (Roman mythology) Orcus (god of the underworld) Tags: Roman, declension-2, masculine
    Sense id: en-Orcus-la-name-SBjgd4Pl Categories (other): Roman deities, Latin masculine nouns in the second declension Disambiguation of Latin masculine nouns in the second declension: 24 37 25 15 Topics: human-sciences, mysticism, mythology, philosophy, sciences
  3. (New Latin, astronomy) Orcus (dwarf planet) Tags: New-Latin, declension-2, masculine
    Sense id: en-Orcus-la-name-rjJj0hT~ Categories (other): New Latin, Astronomy, Latin entries with incorrect language header, Dwarf planets of the Solar System Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 16 30 54 0 Disambiguation of Dwarf planets of the Solar System: 4 4 93 0 Topics: astronomy, natural-sciences
  4. death Tags: declension-2, masculine
    Sense id: en-Orcus-la-name-UsjgKYfM
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: Orcīnus, orcīniānus

Inflected forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 48 52 0",
      "word": "Orcīnus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 48 52 0",
      "word": "orcīniānus"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "French",
          "lang_code": "fr",
          "word": "ogre"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old French",
      "lang_code": "fro",
      "word": "ogre"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Galician",
      "lang_code": "gl",
      "word": "orco"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Bavarian",
          "lang_code": "bar",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed",
            "Tyrol"
          ],
          "word": "Orke"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Cimbrian",
          "lang_code": "cim",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "orko"
        },
        {
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "orc"
        },
        {
          "lang": "German",
          "lang_code": "de",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "Ork"
        },
        {
          "lang": "German",
          "lang_code": "de",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "Orke"
        },
        {
          "lang": "German",
          "lang_code": "de",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "Org"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Luxembourgish",
          "lang_code": "lb",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "Ork"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Mòcheno",
          "lang_code": "mhn",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "ork"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Italian",
      "lang_code": "it",
      "word": "orco"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Piedmontese",
      "lang_code": "pms",
      "word": "òrch"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "lang_code": "es",
          "word": "huerco"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Spanish",
      "lang_code": "osp",
      "word": "huerco"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "lang_code": "nl",
          "word": "ork"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Dutch",
      "lang_code": "dum",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "orck"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Old English",
      "lang_code": "ang",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "orc"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "Orco"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Sicilian",
      "lang_code": "scn",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "orcu"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "orco"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la"
      },
      "expansion": "Unknown",
      "name": "unk"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂erk-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to hold, shut in"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂erk- (“to hold, shut in”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ὅρκος",
        "3": "",
        "4": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ὅρκος (hórkos, “oath”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*orkos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *orkos",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "hell"
      },
      "expansion": "English hell",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*ḱel-",
        "id": "cover"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱel-",
      "name": "m+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Unknown. Some refer it to Proto-Indo-European *h₂erk- (“to hold, shut in”), others to Ancient Greek ὅρκος (hórkos, “oath”), whence Proto-Italic *orkos. For the former, compare the semantics of English hell, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱel-.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "Orcī",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Orcus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Orcī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Orcī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Orcōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Orcō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Orcīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Orcum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Orcōs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Orcō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Orcīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Orce",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Orcī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Orchus",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Medieval-Latin"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Orcus<2.both>"
      },
      "expansion": "Orcus m (genitive Orcī); second declension",
      "name": "la-proper noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Orcus<2.both>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "the underworld"
      ],
      "id": "en-Orcus-la-name-9trSvD3Z",
      "links": [
        [
          "underworld",
          "underworld"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Roman deities",
          "orig": "la:Roman deities",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 37 25 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Orcus (god of the underworld)"
      ],
      "id": "en-Orcus-la-name-SBjgd4Pl",
      "links": [
        [
          "Roman",
          "Roman"
        ],
        [
          "mythology",
          "mythology"
        ],
        [
          "Orcus",
          "#English"
        ],
        [
          "god",
          "god"
        ],
        [
          "underworld",
          "underworld"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Roman mythology) Orcus (god of the underworld)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "declension-2",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "mysticism",
        "mythology",
        "philosophy",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "New Latin",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Astronomy",
          "orig": "la:Astronomy",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 30 54 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 4 93 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Dwarf planets of the Solar System",
          "orig": "la:Dwarf planets of the Solar System",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Orcus (dwarf planet)"
      ],
      "id": "en-Orcus-la-name-rjJj0hT~",
      "links": [
        [
          "astronomy",
          "astronomy"
        ],
        [
          "Orcus",
          "#English"
        ],
        [
          "dwarf planet",
          "dwarf planet"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(New Latin, astronomy) Orcus (dwarf planet)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "New-Latin",
        "declension-2",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "astronomy",
        "natural-sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "death"
      ],
      "id": "en-Orcus-la-name-UsjgKYfM",
      "links": [
        [
          "death",
          "death"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈɔr.kʊs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈɔr.kus]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Orcus"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 2-syllable words",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin masculine nouns",
    "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
    "Latin proper nouns",
    "Latin second declension nouns",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
    "Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Latin terms with unknown etymologies",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "la:Dwarf planets of the Solar System"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "Orcīnus"
    },
    {
      "word": "orcīniānus"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "French",
          "lang_code": "fr",
          "word": "ogre"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old French",
      "lang_code": "fro",
      "word": "ogre"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Galician",
      "lang_code": "gl",
      "word": "orco"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Bavarian",
          "lang_code": "bar",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed",
            "Tyrol"
          ],
          "word": "Orke"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Cimbrian",
          "lang_code": "cim",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "orko"
        },
        {
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "orc"
        },
        {
          "lang": "German",
          "lang_code": "de",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "Ork"
        },
        {
          "lang": "German",
          "lang_code": "de",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "Orke"
        },
        {
          "lang": "German",
          "lang_code": "de",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "Org"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Luxembourgish",
          "lang_code": "lb",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "Ork"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Mòcheno",
          "lang_code": "mhn",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "ork"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Italian",
      "lang_code": "it",
      "word": "orco"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Piedmontese",
      "lang_code": "pms",
      "word": "òrch"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "lang_code": "es",
          "word": "huerco"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Spanish",
      "lang_code": "osp",
      "word": "huerco"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "lang_code": "nl",
          "word": "ork"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Dutch",
      "lang_code": "dum",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "orck"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Old English",
      "lang_code": "ang",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "orc"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "Orco"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Sicilian",
      "lang_code": "scn",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "orcu"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "orco"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la"
      },
      "expansion": "Unknown",
      "name": "unk"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂erk-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to hold, shut in"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂erk- (“to hold, shut in”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ὅρκος",
        "3": "",
        "4": "oath"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ὅρκος (hórkos, “oath”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*orkos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *orkos",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "hell"
      },
      "expansion": "English hell",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*ḱel-",
        "id": "cover"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱel-",
      "name": "m+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Unknown. Some refer it to Proto-Indo-European *h₂erk- (“to hold, shut in”), others to Ancient Greek ὅρκος (hórkos, “oath”), whence Proto-Italic *orkos. For the former, compare the semantics of English hell, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱel-.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "Orcī",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Orcus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Orcī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Orcī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Orcōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Orcō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Orcīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Orcum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Orcōs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Orcō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Orcīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Orce",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Orcī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Orchus",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Medieval-Latin"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Orcus<2.both>"
      },
      "expansion": "Orcus m (genitive Orcī); second declension",
      "name": "la-proper noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Orcus<2.both>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "the underworld"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "underworld",
          "underworld"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "la:Roman deities"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Orcus (god of the underworld)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Roman",
          "Roman"
        ],
        [
          "mythology",
          "mythology"
        ],
        [
          "Orcus",
          "#English"
        ],
        [
          "god",
          "god"
        ],
        [
          "underworld",
          "underworld"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Roman mythology) Orcus (god of the underworld)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "declension-2",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "mysticism",
        "mythology",
        "philosophy",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "New Latin",
        "la:Astronomy"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Orcus (dwarf planet)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "astronomy",
          "astronomy"
        ],
        [
          "Orcus",
          "#English"
        ],
        [
          "dwarf planet",
          "dwarf planet"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(New Latin, astronomy) Orcus (dwarf planet)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "New-Latin",
        "declension-2",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "astronomy",
        "natural-sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "death"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "death",
          "death"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈɔr.kʊs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈɔr.kus]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Orcus"
}

Download raw JSONL data for Orcus meaning in Latin (5.7kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-01-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (96027d6 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.