See -tio in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"word": "-ciuni"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"word": "-ciune"
}
],
"lang": "Eastern Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Franco-Provençal",
"lang_code": "frp",
"word": "-cion"
},
{
"lang": "Franco-Provençal",
"lang_code": "frp",
"word": "-son"
},
{
"lang": "Franco-Provençal",
"lang_code": "frp",
"word": "-éson"
},
{
"lang": "Franco-Provençal",
"lang_code": "frp",
"word": "-çon"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "-son"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "-aison"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "-çon"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-ggioni"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
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},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
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"borrowed"
],
"word": "-ggioni"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "-gione"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
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"borrowed"
],
"word": "-ggioni"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "-zone"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-ggioni"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "-zzone"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "-ciuni"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
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"word": "-zziuni"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "-zzioni"
}
],
"lang": "Italo-Dalmatian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Lombard",
"lang_code": "lmo",
"word": "-zion"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "-çó"
},
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "-ó"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "-son"
}
],
"lang": "Occitano-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Romansh",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "-ziun"
},
{
"lang": "Romansh",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "-schun"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"word": "-zón"
},
{
"lang": "Asturian",
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}
],
"lang": "Old Leonese",
"lang_code": "roa-ole",
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},
{
"descendants": [
{
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"word": "-zón"
},
{
"lang": "Asturian",
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}
],
"lang": "Old Leonese",
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},
{
"descendants": [
{
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"word": "-zón"
},
{
"lang": "Asturian",
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"word": "-ción"
}
],
"lang": "Old Leonese",
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"word": "-zion"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
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},
{
"lang": "Asturian",
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}
],
"lang": "Old Leonese",
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},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "-zón"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "-ção"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "-zão"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "-são"
}
],
"lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
"lang_code": "roa-opt",
"word": "-çon"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "-zón"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
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"word": "-ção"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "-zão"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
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"word": "-são"
}
],
"lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
"lang_code": "roa-opt",
"word": "-zon"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "-zón"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "-ção"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "-zão"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "-são"
}
],
"lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
"lang_code": "roa-opt",
"word": "-son"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "-zón"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "-són"
}
],
"lang": "West Iberian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Aragonese",
"lang_code": "an",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-ción"
},
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-ción"
},
{
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-siya"
},
{
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-syon"
},
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "-cija",
"word": "-ция"
},
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-ció"
},
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-ce"
},
{
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-tion"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"word": "-si"
}
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-si"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-tie"
},
{
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-cio"
},
{
"lang": "Faroese",
"lang_code": "fo",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-sjón"
},
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-tio"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Norwegian",
"lang_code": "no",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-sjon"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"word": "-syon"
},
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"word": "-siyon"
}
],
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "-syon, -siyon",
"word": "ـسیون"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "-tion"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-syen"
},
{
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-sen"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "-tion"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "-tion"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-cioun"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "-ción"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-cion"
},
{
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "-cia",
"word": "-ცია"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-tion"
},
{
"lang": "Hebrew",
"lang_code": "he",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "-tsya",
"word": "־ציה"
},
{
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-ció"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-zione"
},
{
"lang": "Ladino",
"lang_code": "lad",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-sión"
},
{
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-cija"
},
{
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"lang_code": "lt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-cija"
},
{
"lang": "Maltese",
"lang_code": "mt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-zjoni"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian",
"lang_code": "no",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-sjon"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-cion"
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-cja"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-ție"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-țiune"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Armenian",
"lang_code": "hy",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "-cʻia",
"word": "-ցիա"
},
{
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-siya"
},
{
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
"lang_code": "crh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-tsiya"
},
{
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "-cia",
"word": "-ცია"
},
{
"lang": "Hebrew",
"lang_code": "he",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "-tsiya",
"word": "־ציה"
},
{
"lang": "Kazakh",
"lang_code": "kk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "-cıya",
"word": "-ция"
},
{
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"lang_code": "ky",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "-tsiya",
"word": "-ция"
},
{
"lang": "Tajik",
"lang_code": "tg",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "-tsiya",
"word": "-тсия"
},
{
"lang": "Turkmen",
"lang_code": "tk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-siýa"
},
{
"lang": "Uzbek",
"lang_code": "uz",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-tsiya"
},
{
"lang": "Yiddish",
"lang_code": "yi",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "-tsye",
"word": "־ציע"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "-cija",
"word": "-ция"
},
{
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-ција"
},
{
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-cija"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-cia"
},
{
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-cija"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-ción"
},
{
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-tion"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "-cija",
"word": "-ція"
},
{
"lang": "Yiddish",
"lang_code": "yi",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "-tsye",
"word": "־ציע"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*-tis",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tis"
],
[
"*-Hō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-Hō"
],
[
"*-tiō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-tiō"
],
[
"*-tiō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-tiō"
],
[
"*-tis",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tis"
],
[
"*-Hō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-Hō"
],
[
"-ութիւն",
"-ութիւն#Old_Armenian"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "itc-pro:*-tiō",
"id": "action or result",
"title": "-tiō",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-tis\nProto-Indo-European *-Hō\nProto-Indo-European *-tiHō\nProto-Italic *-tiō\nLatin -tiō\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-tiō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-tiō\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-id=\"action or result\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"-tiō\" id=\"Latin:_action_or_result\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*-tiō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *-tiō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-tis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-tis",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-Hō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-Hō",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*-tyon"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-tyon",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "-ութիւն"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian -ութիւն (-utʻiwn)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-tis\nProto-Indo-European *-Hō\nProto-Indo-European *-tiHō\nProto-Italic *-tiō\nLatin -tiō\nProbably from Proto-Italic *-tiō, an n-stem extension of Proto-Indo-European *-tis.\nAlternatively, from Proto-Indo-European *-Hō or from Proto-Indo-European *-tyon with Old Armenian -ութիւն (-utʻiwn) as a cognate.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-tiō",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "-tiōnis",
"links": [
[
"-tiōnis",
"-tionis"
]
],
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-tiō",
"links": [
[
"-tiō",
"-tio#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tiōnēs",
"links": [
[
"-tiōnēs",
"-tiones#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-tiōnis",
"links": [
[
"-tiōnis",
"-tionis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tiōnum",
"links": [
[
"-tiōnum",
"-tionum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-tiōnī",
"links": [
[
"-tiōnī",
"-tioni#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tiōnibus",
"links": [
[
"-tiōnibus",
"-tionibus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-tiōnem",
"links": [
[
"-tiōnem",
"-tionem#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tiōnēs",
"links": [
[
"-tiōnēs",
"-tiones#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-tiōne",
"links": [
[
"-tiōne",
"-tione#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tiōnibus",
"links": [
[
"-tiōnibus",
"-tionibus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-tiō",
"links": [
[
"-tiō",
"-tio#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-tiōnēs",
"links": [
[
"-tiōnēs",
"-tiones#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-siō",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ciō",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Medieval-Latin"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-tiō<3>"
},
"expansion": "-tiō f (genitive -tiōnis); third declension",
"name": "la-suffix-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-tiō<3>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine suffixes in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin second conjugation verbs with missing supine stem",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "-ātiō"
},
{
"word": "-itiō"
},
{
"word": "-ītiō"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "dictātiō (“a dictating, dictation”) ← dictō, dictātum (“to dictate”)"
},
{
"text": "quadripartītiō (“a division into four parts”) ← quadripartiō, quadripartītum (“to divide into four parts”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-tion, -ation, -ing; suffixed to verbs to form action nouns denoting a process, action, or result of an action."
],
"id": "en--tio-la-suffix-4vF4G7Zs",
"links": [
[
"-tion",
"-tion"
],
[
"-ation",
"-ation"
],
[
"-ing",
"-ing"
],
[
"action noun",
"action noun#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-tūra"
},
{
"word": "-tus"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"morpheme"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Plautus"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ti.oː]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡si.o]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "-tio"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "-ātiō"
},
{
"word": "-itiō"
},
{
"word": "-ītiō"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"word": "-ciuni"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"word": "-ciune"
}
],
"lang": "Eastern Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Franco-Provençal",
"lang_code": "frp",
"word": "-cion"
},
{
"lang": "Franco-Provençal",
"lang_code": "frp",
"word": "-son"
},
{
"lang": "Franco-Provençal",
"lang_code": "frp",
"word": "-éson"
},
{
"lang": "Franco-Provençal",
"lang_code": "frp",
"word": "-çon"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "-son"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "-aison"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "-çon"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-ggioni"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "-zione"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-ggioni"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "-gione"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-ggioni"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "-zone"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-ggioni"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "-zzone"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "-ciuni"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "-zziuni"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "-zzioni"
}
],
"lang": "Italo-Dalmatian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Lombard",
"lang_code": "lmo",
"word": "-zion"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "-çó"
},
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "-ó"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "-son"
}
],
"lang": "Occitano-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Romansh",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "-ziun"
},
{
"lang": "Romansh",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "-schun"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"word": "-zón"
},
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"word": "-ción"
}
],
"lang": "Old Leonese",
"lang_code": "roa-ole",
"word": "-çon"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"word": "-zón"
},
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"word": "-ción"
}
],
"lang": "Old Leonese",
"lang_code": "roa-ole",
"word": "-çion"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"word": "-zón"
},
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"word": "-ción"
}
],
"lang": "Old Leonese",
"lang_code": "roa-ole",
"word": "-zion"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"word": "-zón"
},
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"word": "-ción"
}
],
"lang": "Old Leonese",
"lang_code": "roa-ole",
"word": "-cion"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "-zón"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "-ção"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "-zão"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "-são"
}
],
"lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
"lang_code": "roa-opt",
"word": "-çon"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "-zón"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "-ção"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "-zão"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "-são"
}
],
"lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
"lang_code": "roa-opt",
"word": "-zon"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "-zón"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "-ção"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "-zão"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "-são"
}
],
"lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
"lang_code": "roa-opt",
"word": "-son"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "-zón"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "-són"
}
],
"lang": "West Iberian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Aragonese",
"lang_code": "an",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-ción"
},
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-ción"
},
{
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-siya"
},
{
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-syon"
},
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "-cija",
"word": "-ция"
},
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-ció"
},
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-ce"
},
{
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-tion"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"word": "-si"
}
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-si"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-tie"
},
{
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-cio"
},
{
"lang": "Faroese",
"lang_code": "fo",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-sjón"
},
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-tio"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Norwegian",
"lang_code": "no",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-sjon"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"word": "-syon"
},
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"word": "-siyon"
}
],
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "-syon, -siyon",
"word": "ـسیون"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "-tion"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-syen"
},
{
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-sen"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "-tion"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "-tion"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-cioun"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "-ción"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-cion"
},
{
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "-cia",
"word": "-ცია"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-tion"
},
{
"lang": "Hebrew",
"lang_code": "he",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "-tsya",
"word": "־ציה"
},
{
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-ció"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-zione"
},
{
"lang": "Ladino",
"lang_code": "lad",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-sión"
},
{
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-cija"
},
{
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"lang_code": "lt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-cija"
},
{
"lang": "Maltese",
"lang_code": "mt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-zjoni"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian",
"lang_code": "no",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-sjon"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-cion"
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-cja"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-ție"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-țiune"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Armenian",
"lang_code": "hy",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "-cʻia",
"word": "-ցիա"
},
{
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-siya"
},
{
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
"lang_code": "crh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-tsiya"
},
{
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "-cia",
"word": "-ცია"
},
{
"lang": "Hebrew",
"lang_code": "he",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "-tsiya",
"word": "־ציה"
},
{
"lang": "Kazakh",
"lang_code": "kk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "-cıya",
"word": "-ция"
},
{
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"lang_code": "ky",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "-tsiya",
"word": "-ция"
},
{
"lang": "Tajik",
"lang_code": "tg",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "-tsiya",
"word": "-тсия"
},
{
"lang": "Turkmen",
"lang_code": "tk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-siýa"
},
{
"lang": "Uzbek",
"lang_code": "uz",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-tsiya"
},
{
"lang": "Yiddish",
"lang_code": "yi",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "-tsye",
"word": "־ציע"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "-cija",
"word": "-ция"
},
{
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-ција"
},
{
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-cija"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-cia"
},
{
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-cija"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-ción"
},
{
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-tion"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "-cija",
"word": "-ція"
},
{
"lang": "Yiddish",
"lang_code": "yi",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "-tsye",
"word": "־ציע"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*-tis",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tis"
],
[
"*-Hō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-Hō"
],
[
"*-tiō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-tiō"
],
[
"*-tiō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-tiō"
],
[
"*-tis",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tis"
],
[
"*-Hō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-Hō"
],
[
"-ութիւն",
"-ութիւն#Old_Armenian"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "itc-pro:*-tiō",
"id": "action or result",
"title": "-tiō",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-tis\nProto-Indo-European *-Hō\nProto-Indo-European *-tiHō\nProto-Italic *-tiō\nLatin -tiō\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-tiō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-tiō\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-id=\"action or result\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"-tiō\" id=\"Latin:_action_or_result\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*-tiō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *-tiō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-tis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-tis",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-Hō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-Hō",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*-tyon"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-tyon",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "-ութիւն"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian -ութիւն (-utʻiwn)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-tis\nProto-Indo-European *-Hō\nProto-Indo-European *-tiHō\nProto-Italic *-tiō\nLatin -tiō\nProbably from Proto-Italic *-tiō, an n-stem extension of Proto-Indo-European *-tis.\nAlternatively, from Proto-Indo-European *-Hō or from Proto-Indo-European *-tyon with Old Armenian -ութիւն (-utʻiwn) as a cognate.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-tiō",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "-tiōnis",
"links": [
[
"-tiōnis",
"-tionis"
]
],
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-tiō",
"links": [
[
"-tiō",
"-tio#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tiōnēs",
"links": [
[
"-tiōnēs",
"-tiones#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-tiōnis",
"links": [
[
"-tiōnis",
"-tionis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tiōnum",
"links": [
[
"-tiōnum",
"-tionum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-tiōnī",
"links": [
[
"-tiōnī",
"-tioni#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tiōnibus",
"links": [
[
"-tiōnibus",
"-tionibus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-tiōnem",
"links": [
[
"-tiōnem",
"-tionem#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tiōnēs",
"links": [
[
"-tiōnēs",
"-tiones#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-tiōne",
"links": [
[
"-tiōne",
"-tione#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tiōnibus",
"links": [
[
"-tiōnibus",
"-tionibus#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-tiō",
"links": [
[
"-tiō",
"-tio#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-tiōnēs",
"links": [
[
"-tiōnēs",
"-tiones#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-siō",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ciō",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Medieval-Latin"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-tiō<3>"
},
"expansion": "-tiō f (genitive -tiōnis); third declension",
"name": "la-suffix-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-tiō<3>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with etymology trees",
"Latin entries with etymon",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin feminine suffixes",
"Latin feminine suffixes in the third declension",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin noun-forming suffixes",
"Latin second conjugation verbs with missing supine stem",
"Latin suffixes",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin third declension suffixes",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "dictātiō (“a dictating, dictation”) ← dictō, dictātum (“to dictate”)"
},
{
"text": "quadripartītiō (“a division into four parts”) ← quadripartiō, quadripartītum (“to divide into four parts”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-tion, -ation, -ing; suffixed to verbs to form action nouns denoting a process, action, or result of an action."
],
"links": [
[
"-tion",
"-tion"
],
[
"-ation",
"-ation"
],
[
"-ing",
"-ing"
],
[
"action noun",
"action noun#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"morpheme"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Plautus"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ti.oː]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡si.o]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-tūra"
},
{
"word": "-tus"
}
],
"word": "-tio"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -tio meaning in Latin (14.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.