-ies in Latin

IPA: [i.eːs] [Classical-Latin], [i.es] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Etymology: Inherited from Proto-Italic *-jēs; according to Steinbauer, from hysterokinetic Proto-Indo-European *-yḗh₂s ~ *-ih₂és. Etymology templates: {{etymon|la|inh|itc-pro>*-jēs>noun suffix|id=noun suffix|pos=suffix|title=-iēs}}, {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|la|itc-pro|*-jēs|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Proto-Italic *-jēs, {{inh+|la|itc-pro|*-jēs}} Inherited from Proto-Italic *-jēs, {{inh|la|ine-pro|*-yḗh₂s|*-yḗh₂s ~ *-ih₂és}} Proto-Indo-European *-yḗh₂s ~ *-ih₂és Head templates: {{la-suffix-noun|-iēs<5>}} -iēs f (genitive -iēī); fifth declension Inflection templates: {{la-ndecl|-iēs<5>}} Forms: -iēs [canonical, feminine], -iēī [genitive], no-table-tags [table-tags], -iēs [nominative, singular], -iēs [nominative, plural], -iēī [genitive, singular], -iērum [genitive, plural], -iēī [dative, singular], -iēbus [dative, plural], -iem [accusative, singular], -iēs [accusative, plural], -iē [ablative, singular], -iēbus [ablative, plural], -iēs [singular, vocative], -iēs [plural, vocative], -itiēs [alternative]

Suffix

[Show JSON for postprocessed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▼] [Hide JSON for postprocessed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▲]

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "inh",
        "3": "itc-pro>*-jēs>noun suffix",
        "id": "noun suffix",
        "pos": "suffix",
        "title": "-iēs"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*-jēs",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *-jēs",
      "name": "inh"
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      "args": {
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        "2": "itc-pro",
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      "name": "inh+"
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    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*-yḗh₂s",
        "4": "*-yḗh₂s ~ *-ih₂és"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-yḗh₂s ~ *-ih₂és",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Italic *-jēs; according to Steinbauer, from hysterokinetic Proto-Indo-European *-yḗh₂s ~ *-ih₂és.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-iēs",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iēī",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iēī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iērum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iēī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iēbus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iē",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iēbus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-itiēs",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-iēs<5>"
      },
      "expansion": "-iēs f (genitive -iēī); fifth declension",
      "name": "la-suffix-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-iēs<5>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "12 3 23 28 21 10 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries referencing etymons with invalid IDs",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "73 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin feminine suffixes in the fifth declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "-itiēs"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form an abstract noun, usually from an adjective stem."
      ],
      "id": "en--ies-la-suffix-la:noun",
      "links": [
        [
          "abstract",
          "abstract#English"
        ],
        [
          "noun",
          "noun#English"
        ],
        [
          "adjective",
          "adjective#English"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "la:noun"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "-ia"
        },
        {
          "word": "-tās"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-5",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[i.eːs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[i.es]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ies"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-iēs",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iēns",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "adverb-forming suffixes",
        "head": "-iēs"
      },
      "expansion": "-iēs",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form frequency adverbs, usually from a number and having the meaning \"N times\""
      ],
      "id": "en--ies-la-suffix-la:adverb",
      "senseid": [
        "la:adverb"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[i.eːs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[i.es]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ies"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 2-syllable words",
    "Latin adverb-forming suffixes",
    "Latin entries referencing etymons with invalid IDs",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin feminine suffixes",
    "Latin feminine suffixes in the fifth declension",
    "Latin fifth declension suffixes",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin noun-forming suffixes",
    "Latin suffixes",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
    "Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages using catfix",
    "Pages with 4 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "-itiēs"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "inh",
        "3": "itc-pro>*-jēs>noun suffix",
        "id": "noun suffix",
        "pos": "suffix",
        "title": "-iēs"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*-jēs",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *-jēs",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*-jēs"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Italic *-jēs",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*-yḗh₂s",
        "4": "*-yḗh₂s ~ *-ih₂és"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-yḗh₂s ~ *-ih₂és",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Italic *-jēs; according to Steinbauer, from hysterokinetic Proto-Indo-European *-yḗh₂s ~ *-ih₂és.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-iēs",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iēī",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iēī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iērum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iēī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iēbus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iē",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iēbus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-itiēs",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-iēs<5>"
      },
      "expansion": "-iēs f (genitive -iēī); fifth declension",
      "name": "la-suffix-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-iēs<5>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form an abstract noun, usually from an adjective stem."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "abstract",
          "abstract#English"
        ],
        [
          "noun",
          "noun#English"
        ],
        [
          "adjective",
          "adjective#English"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "la:noun"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-5",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[i.eːs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[i.es]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "-ia"
    },
    {
      "word": "-tās"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ies"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 2-syllable words",
    "Latin adverb-forming suffixes",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin suffixes",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages using catfix",
    "Pages with 4 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-iēs",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iēns",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "adverb-forming suffixes",
        "head": "-iēs"
      },
      "expansion": "-iēs",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form frequency adverbs, usually from a number and having the meaning \"N times\""
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "la:adverb"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[i.eːs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[i.es]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ies"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (92124b4 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"-ies" meaning in Latin

Suffix

Suffix