"訓読み" meaning in Japanese

See 訓読み in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: [kɯ̟̃ɰ̃jo̞mʲi] Forms: 訓読み [canonical] (ruby: (くん), ()), kun'yomi [romanization]
Etymology: Compound of 訓 (kun, “meaning”) + 読み (yomi, “reading”). Originally referred to the meanings of Chinese words as expressed in native Japanese words or 大和(やまと)言(こと)葉(ば) (Yamato kotoba), as opposed to the sounds (i.e. pronunciations) to use when reading Chinese text (called 音読み (on'yomi) or 音読 (ondoku), literally “sound reading”). Etymology templates: {{compound|ja|訓|読み|sort=くんよみ|t1=meaning|t2=reading|tr1=kun|tr2=yomi}} 訓 (kun, “meaning”) + 読み (yomi, “reading”), {{ja-r|大和 言%葉|^やまと こと%ば}} 大和(やまと)言(こと)葉(ば) (Yamato kotoba) Head templates: {{ja-noun|くんよみ}} 訓(くん)読(よ)み • (kun'yomi)
  1. (linguistics) kun'yomi: a reading of a kanji that is not derived from the kanji's original pronunciation borrowed from Chinese Categories (topical): Linguistics Coordinate_terms: 名乗り (nanori) (ruby: 名乗(なの)) (english: used for the readings of names: given names and sometimes place names) Coordinate_terms (音読み (on'yomi)): 漢音 (kan'on) (ruby: 漢音(かんおん)), 呉音 (goon) (ruby: 呉音(ごおん)), 唐音 (tōon) (ruby: 唐音(とうおん)), 唐宋音 (tōsōon) (ruby: 唐宋音(とうそうおん)), 宋音 (sōon) (ruby: 宋音(そうおん)), 慣用音 (kan'yōon) (ruby: 慣用音(かんようおん))
    Sense id: en-訓読み-ja-noun-NJAkR7~u Categories (other): Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with 2 kanji, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 63 37 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant alt parameters: 62 38 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 62 38 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with 2 kanji: 54 46 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 66 34 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 62 38 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 80 20 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 83 17 Topics: human-sciences, linguistics, sciences

Verb

IPA: [kɯ̟̃ɰ̃jo̞mʲi]
Etymology: Compound of 訓 (kun, “meaning”) + 読み (yomi, “reading”). Originally referred to the meanings of Chinese words as expressed in native Japanese words or 大和(やまと)言(こと)葉(ば) (Yamato kotoba), as opposed to the sounds (i.e. pronunciations) to use when reading Chinese text (called 音読み (on'yomi) or 音読 (ondoku), literally “sound reading”). Etymology templates: {{compound|ja|訓|読み|sort=くんよみ|t1=meaning|t2=reading|tr1=kun|tr2=yomi}} 訓 (kun, “meaning”) + 読み (yomi, “reading”), {{ja-r|大和 言%葉|^やまと こと%ば}} 大和(やまと)言(こと)葉(ば) (Yamato kotoba) Forms: 訓読みする [canonical] (ruby: (くん), ()), kun'yomi suru [romanization], 訓読みし [stem] (ruby: (くん), ()), 訓読みした [past] (ruby: (くん), ()), no-table-tags [table-tags], 訓読みし [error-unrecognized-form], くんよみし [error-unrecognized-form], kun'yomi shi [error-unrecognized-form], 訓読みする [error-unrecognized-form], くんよみする [error-unrecognized-form], kun'yomi suru [error-unrecognized-form], 訓読みすれ [error-unrecognized-form], くんよみすれ [error-unrecognized-form], kun'yomi sure [error-unrecognized-form], 訓読みせよ [error-unrecognized-form, imperative, literary], 訓読みしろ [colloquial, error-unrecognized-form, imperative], くんよみせよ [error-unrecognized-form, imperative, literary], くんよみしろ [colloquial, error-unrecognized-form, imperative], kun'yomi seyo [error-unrecognized-form, imperative, literary], kun'yomi shiro [colloquial, error-unrecognized-form, imperative], 訓読みされる [passive], くんよみされる [passive], kun'yomi sareru [passive], 訓読みさせる [causative], 訓読みさす [causative], くんよみさせる [causative], くんよみさす [causative], kun'yomi saseru [causative], kun'yomi sasu [causative], 訓読みできる [potential], くんよみできる [potential], kun'yomi dekiru [potential], 訓読みしよう [volitional], くんよみしよう [volitional], kun'yomi shiyō [volitional], 訓読みしない [negative], くんよみしない [negative], kun'yomi shinai [negative], 訓読みせず [continuative, negative], くんよみせず [continuative, negative], kun'yomi sezu [continuative, negative], 訓読みします [formal], くんよみします [formal], kun'yomi shimasu [formal], 訓読みした [perfective], くんよみした [perfective], kun'yomi shita [perfective], 訓読みして [conjunctive], くんよみして [conjunctive], kun'yomi shite [conjunctive], 訓読みすれば [conditional, hypothetical], くんよみすれば [conditional, hypothetical], kun'yomi sureba [conditional, hypothetical]
  1. to use the kun'yomi of a word, to read a kanji using the pronunciation of a native Japanese word
    Sense id: en-訓読み-ja-verb-VJyXIM~9 Categories (other): Japanese terms with 2 kanji, Japanese verbs without transitivity Disambiguation of Japanese terms with 2 kanji: 54 46 Disambiguation of Japanese verbs without transitivity: 43 57
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "訓",
        "3": "読み",
        "sort": "くんよみ",
        "t1": "meaning",
        "t2": "reading",
        "tr1": "kun",
        "tr2": "yomi"
      },
      "expansion": "訓 (kun, “meaning”) + 読み (yomi, “reading”)",
      "name": "compound"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "大和 言%葉",
        "2": "^やまと こと%ば"
      },
      "expansion": "大和(やまと)言(こと)葉(ば) (Yamato kotoba)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Compound of 訓 (kun, “meaning”) + 読み (yomi, “reading”). Originally referred to the meanings of Chinese words as expressed in native Japanese words or 大和(やまと)言(こと)葉(ば) (Yamato kotoba), as opposed to the sounds (i.e. pronunciations) to use when reading Chinese text (called 音読み (on'yomi) or 音読 (ondoku), literally “sound reading”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "訓読み",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "訓",
          "くん"
        ],
        [
          "読",
          "よ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kun'yomi",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "くんよみ"
      },
      "expansion": "訓(くん)読(よ)み • (kun'yomi)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Linguistics",
          "orig": "ja:Linguistics",
          "parents": [
            "Language",
            "Social sciences",
            "Communication",
            "Sciences",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "63 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "62 38",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "62 38",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "54 46",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "66 34",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "62 38",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "80 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "83 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "coordinate_terms": [
        {
          "english": "used for the readings of names: given names and sometimes place names",
          "roman": "nanori",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "名乗",
              "なの"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "名乗り"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kan'on",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "漢音",
              "かんおん"
            ]
          ],
          "sense": "音読み (on'yomi)",
          "word": "漢音"
        },
        {
          "roman": "goon",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "呉音",
              "ごおん"
            ]
          ],
          "sense": "音読み (on'yomi)",
          "word": "呉音"
        },
        {
          "roman": "tōon",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "唐音",
              "とうおん"
            ]
          ],
          "sense": "音読み (on'yomi)",
          "word": "唐音"
        },
        {
          "roman": "tōsōon",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "唐宋音",
              "とうそうおん"
            ]
          ],
          "sense": "音読み (on'yomi)",
          "word": "唐宋音"
        },
        {
          "roman": "sōon",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "宋音",
              "そうおん"
            ]
          ],
          "sense": "音読み (on'yomi)",
          "word": "宋音"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kan'yōon",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "慣用音",
              "かんようおん"
            ]
          ],
          "sense": "音読み (on'yomi)",
          "word": "慣用音"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "kun'yomi: a reading of a kanji that is not derived from the kanji's original pronunciation borrowed from Chinese"
      ],
      "id": "en-訓読み-ja-noun-NJAkR7~u",
      "links": [
        [
          "linguistics",
          "linguistics"
        ],
        [
          "kanji",
          "kanji"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(linguistics) kun'yomi: a reading of a kanji that is not derived from the kanji's original pronunciation borrowed from Chinese"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "くんよみ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kɯ̟̃ɰ̃jo̞mʲi]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Daijirin",
    "Kanji#Kun.27yomi_.28native_reading.29",
    "ja:訓読み"
  ],
  "word": "訓読み"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "訓",
        "3": "読み",
        "sort": "くんよみ",
        "t1": "meaning",
        "t2": "reading",
        "tr1": "kun",
        "tr2": "yomi"
      },
      "expansion": "訓 (kun, “meaning”) + 読み (yomi, “reading”)",
      "name": "compound"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "大和 言%葉",
        "2": "^やまと こと%ば"
      },
      "expansion": "大和(やまと)言(こと)葉(ば) (Yamato kotoba)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Compound of 訓 (kun, “meaning”) + 読み (yomi, “reading”). Originally referred to the meanings of Chinese words as expressed in native Japanese words or 大和(やまと)言(こと)葉(ば) (Yamato kotoba), as opposed to the sounds (i.e. pronunciations) to use when reading Chinese text (called 音読み (on'yomi) or 音読 (ondoku), literally “sound reading”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "訓読みする",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "訓",
          "くん"
        ],
        [
          "読",
          "よ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kun'yomi suru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "訓読みし",
      "roman": "kun'yomi shi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "訓",
          "くん"
        ],
        [
          "読",
          "よ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "訓読みした",
      "roman": "kun'yomi shita",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "訓",
          "くん"
        ],
        [
          "読",
          "よ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "訓読みし",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くんよみし",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kun'yomi shi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "訓読みする",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くんよみする",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kun'yomi suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "訓読みすれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くんよみすれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kun'yomi sure",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "訓読みせよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "訓読みしろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くんよみせよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くんよみしろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kun'yomi seyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kun'yomi shiro",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "訓読みされる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くんよみされる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kun'yomi sareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "訓読みさせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "訓読みさす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くんよみさせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くんよみさす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kun'yomi saseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kun'yomi sasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "訓読みできる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くんよみできる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kun'yomi dekiru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "訓読みしよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くんよみしよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kun'yomi shiyō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "訓読みしない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くんよみしない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kun'yomi shinai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "訓読みせず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くんよみせず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kun'yomi sezu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "訓読みします",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くんよみします",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kun'yomi shimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "訓読みした",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くんよみした",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kun'yomi shita",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "訓読みして",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くんよみして",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kun'yomi shite",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "訓読みすれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くんよみすれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kun'yomi sureba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "54 46",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "43 57",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to use the kun'yomi of a word, to read a kanji using the pronunciation of a native Japanese word"
      ],
      "id": "en-訓読み-ja-verb-VJyXIM~9"
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "くんよみ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kɯ̟̃ɰ̃jo̞mʲi]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Daijirin",
    "Kanji#Kun.27yomi_.28native_reading.29",
    "ja:訓読み"
  ],
  "word": "訓読み"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese compound terms",
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese suru verbs",
    "Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with audio pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese verbs",
    "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "coordinate_terms": [
    {
      "english": "used for the readings of names: given names and sometimes place names",
      "roman": "nanori",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "名乗",
          "なの"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "名乗り"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kan'on",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "漢音",
          "かんおん"
        ]
      ],
      "sense": "音読み (on'yomi)",
      "word": "漢音"
    },
    {
      "roman": "goon",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "呉音",
          "ごおん"
        ]
      ],
      "sense": "音読み (on'yomi)",
      "word": "呉音"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tōon",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "唐音",
          "とうおん"
        ]
      ],
      "sense": "音読み (on'yomi)",
      "word": "唐音"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tōsōon",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "唐宋音",
          "とうそうおん"
        ]
      ],
      "sense": "音読み (on'yomi)",
      "word": "唐宋音"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sōon",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "宋音",
          "そうおん"
        ]
      ],
      "sense": "音読み (on'yomi)",
      "word": "宋音"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kan'yōon",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "慣用音",
          "かんようおん"
        ]
      ],
      "sense": "音読み (on'yomi)",
      "word": "慣用音"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "訓",
        "3": "読み",
        "sort": "くんよみ",
        "t1": "meaning",
        "t2": "reading",
        "tr1": "kun",
        "tr2": "yomi"
      },
      "expansion": "訓 (kun, “meaning”) + 読み (yomi, “reading”)",
      "name": "compound"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "大和 言%葉",
        "2": "^やまと こと%ば"
      },
      "expansion": "大和(やまと)言(こと)葉(ば) (Yamato kotoba)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Compound of 訓 (kun, “meaning”) + 読み (yomi, “reading”). Originally referred to the meanings of Chinese words as expressed in native Japanese words or 大和(やまと)言(こと)葉(ば) (Yamato kotoba), as opposed to the sounds (i.e. pronunciations) to use when reading Chinese text (called 音読み (on'yomi) or 音読 (ondoku), literally “sound reading”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "訓読み",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "訓",
          "くん"
        ],
        [
          "読",
          "よ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kun'yomi",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "くんよみ"
      },
      "expansion": "訓(くん)読(よ)み • (kun'yomi)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "ja:Linguistics"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "kun'yomi: a reading of a kanji that is not derived from the kanji's original pronunciation borrowed from Chinese"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "linguistics",
          "linguistics"
        ],
        [
          "kanji",
          "kanji"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(linguistics) kun'yomi: a reading of a kanji that is not derived from the kanji's original pronunciation borrowed from Chinese"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "くんよみ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kɯ̟̃ɰ̃jo̞mʲi]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Daijirin",
    "Kanji#Kun.27yomi_.28native_reading.29",
    "ja:訓読み"
  ],
  "word": "訓読み"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese compound terms",
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese suru verbs",
    "Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with audio pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese verbs",
    "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "訓",
        "3": "読み",
        "sort": "くんよみ",
        "t1": "meaning",
        "t2": "reading",
        "tr1": "kun",
        "tr2": "yomi"
      },
      "expansion": "訓 (kun, “meaning”) + 読み (yomi, “reading”)",
      "name": "compound"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "大和 言%葉",
        "2": "^やまと こと%ば"
      },
      "expansion": "大和(やまと)言(こと)葉(ば) (Yamato kotoba)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Compound of 訓 (kun, “meaning”) + 読み (yomi, “reading”). Originally referred to the meanings of Chinese words as expressed in native Japanese words or 大和(やまと)言(こと)葉(ば) (Yamato kotoba), as opposed to the sounds (i.e. pronunciations) to use when reading Chinese text (called 音読み (on'yomi) or 音読 (ondoku), literally “sound reading”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "訓読みする",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "訓",
          "くん"
        ],
        [
          "読",
          "よ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kun'yomi suru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "訓読みし",
      "roman": "kun'yomi shi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "訓",
          "くん"
        ],
        [
          "読",
          "よ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "訓読みした",
      "roman": "kun'yomi shita",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "訓",
          "くん"
        ],
        [
          "読",
          "よ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "訓読みし",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くんよみし",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kun'yomi shi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "訓読みする",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くんよみする",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kun'yomi suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "訓読みすれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くんよみすれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kun'yomi sure",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "訓読みせよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "訓読みしろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くんよみせよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くんよみしろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kun'yomi seyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kun'yomi shiro",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "訓読みされる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くんよみされる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kun'yomi sareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "訓読みさせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "訓読みさす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くんよみさせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くんよみさす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kun'yomi saseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kun'yomi sasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "訓読みできる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くんよみできる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kun'yomi dekiru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "訓読みしよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くんよみしよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kun'yomi shiyō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "訓読みしない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くんよみしない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kun'yomi shinai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "訓読みせず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くんよみせず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kun'yomi sezu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "訓読みします",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くんよみします",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kun'yomi shimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "訓読みした",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くんよみした",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kun'yomi shita",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "訓読みして",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くんよみして",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kun'yomi shite",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "訓読みすれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くんよみすれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kun'yomi sureba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to use the kun'yomi of a word, to read a kanji using the pronunciation of a native Japanese word"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "くんよみ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kɯ̟̃ɰ̃jo̞mʲi]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Daijirin",
    "Kanji#Kun.27yomi_.28native_reading.29",
    "ja:訓読み"
  ],
  "word": "訓読み"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 訓読み meaning in Japanese (9.7kB)

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "訓読み"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "訓読み",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
  "path": [
    "訓読み"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "訓読み",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
  "path": [
    "訓読み"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "訓読み",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
  "path": [
    "訓読み"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "訓読み",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
  "path": [
    "訓読み"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "訓読み",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
  "path": [
    "訓読み"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "訓読み",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
  "path": [
    "訓読み"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "訓読み",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.